Romans 12
12
A Living Sacrifice
1 #
1 Cor. 1:10; 2 Cor. 10:1; Eph. 4:1 I appeal to you therefore, brothers,#12:1 Or brothers and sisters by the mercies of God, #ch. 6:13, 16, 19; [Ps. 50:13, 14; 1 Cor. 6:20]; See 1 Pet. 2:5 to present your bodies #Heb. 10:20as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God, which is your spiritual worship.#12:1 Or your rational service 2#1 Pet. 1:14; [1 John 2:15] Do not be conformed to this world,#12:2 Greek age but be transformed by #Titus 3:5; [Ps. 51:10; 2 Cor. 4:16; Eph. 4:23; Col. 3:10] the renewal of your mind, that by testing you may #Eph. 5:10; 1 Thess. 4:3discern what is the will of God, what is good and acceptable and perfect.#12:2 Or what is the good and acceptable and perfect will of God
Gifts of Grace
3For #See ch. 1:5 by the grace given to me I say to everyone among you #ver. 16; ch. 11:20 not to think of himself more highly than he ought to think, but to think with sober judgment, #1 Cor. 7:17 each according to #Eph. 4:7the measure of faith that God has assigned. 4For #1 Cor. 12:12-14; Eph. 4:4, 16as in one body we have many members,#12:4 Greek parts; also verse 5 and the members do not all have the same function, 5so we, #1 Cor. 10:17, 33 though many, #1 Cor. 12:20; Eph. 4:13; See John 17:11 are one body in Christ, and individually #Eph. 4:25; [1 Cor. 6:15; 12:27]members one of another. 6#1 Cor. 12:4; 1 Pet. 4:10, 11; [1 Cor. 7:7; 12:7-11] Having gifts that differ according to the grace given to us, let us use them: if #1 Cor. 12:10; See Acts 13:1 prophecy, #[2 Tim. 2:15]in proportion to our faith; 7if #See Acts 6:1service, in our serving; the one who teaches, in his teaching; 8the one who exhorts, in his exhortation; the one who contributes, in generosity; #1 Tim. 5:17; [1 Cor. 12:28] the one who leads,#12:8 Or gives aid with zeal; the one who does acts of mercy, with #2 Cor. 9:7cheerfulness.
Marks of the True Christian
9 #
2 Cor. 6:6; 1 Tim. 1:5; 1 Pet. 1:22 Let love be genuine. #Ps. 97:10; 101:3; Amos 5:15; [1 Thess. 5:21, 22]Abhor what is evil; hold fast to what is good. 10#See Heb. 13:1 Love one another with brotherly affection. #ch. 13:7; Phil. 2:3; 1 Pet. 2:17Outdo one another in showing honor. 11Do not be slothful in zeal, #Acts 18:25 be fervent in spirit,#12:11 Or fervent in the Spirit #Acts 20:19serve the Lord. 12#See ch. 5:2 Rejoice in hope, #See Heb. 10:36 be patient in tribulation, #See Acts 1:14be constant in prayer. 13#ch. 15:25; 1 Cor. 16:1, 15; 2 Cor. 9:1, 12; Heb. 6:10; 13:16; [1 Tim. 6:18] Contribute to the needs of the saints and #See Matt. 25:35seek to show hospitality.
14 # See Matt. 5:44; 1 Pet. 3:9 Bless those who persecute you; bless and do not curse them. 15#1 Cor. 12:26; [Job 30:25; Heb. 13:3]Rejoice with those who rejoice, weep with those who weep. 16#ch. 15:5; 2 Cor. 13:11; Phil. 2:2; 4:2; 1 Pet. 3:8 Live in harmony with one another. #ver. 3; Ps. 131:1; Jer. 45:5 Do not be haughty, but associate with the lowly.#12:16 Or give yourselves to humble tasks #ch. 11:25; Prov. 3:7Never be wise in your own sight. 17#Prov. 20:22; Matt. 5:39; [ch. 14:19] Repay no one evil for evil, but #2 Cor. 8:21; [ch. 14:16]give thought to do what is honorable in the sight of all. 18If possible, so far as it depends on you, #See Mark 9:50live peaceably with all. 19Beloved, #Prov. 20:22; Matt. 5:39; [ch. 14:19] never avenge yourselves, but leave it#12:19 Greek give place to the wrath of God, for it is written, #Heb. 10:30; Cited from Deut. 32:35; [Ps. 94:1; 1 Thess. 4:6]“Vengeance is mine, I will repay, says the Lord.” 20To the contrary, #Cited from Prov. 25:21, 22; [Ex. 23:4, 5; 2 Kgs. 6:22; Luke 6:27]“if your enemy is hungry, feed him; if he is thirsty, give him something to drink; for by so doing you will heap burning coals on his head.” 21Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good.
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Romans 12
12
Consecration of the Believer’s Life
1 Therefore I exhort you, brothers and sisters,#tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:13. by the mercies of God, to present your bodies as a sacrifice – alive, holy, and pleasing to God#tn The participle and two adjectives “alive, holy, and pleasing to God” are taken as predicates in relation to “sacrifice,” making the exhortation more emphatic. See ExSyn 618-19.sn Taken as predicate adjectives, the terms alive, holy, and pleasing are showing how unusual is the sacrifice that believers can now offer, for OT sacrifices were dead. As has often been quipped about this text, “The problem with living sacrifices is that they keep crawling off the altar.” – which is your reasonable service. 2 Do not be conformed#tn Although συσχηματίζεσθε (suschmatizesqe) could be either a passive or middle, the passive is more likely since it would otherwise have to be a direct middle (“conform yourselves”) and, as such, would be quite rare for NT Greek. It is very telling that being “conformed” to the present world is viewed as a passive notion, for it may suggest that it happens, in part, subconsciously. At the same time, the passive could well be a “permissive passive,” suggesting that there may be some consciousness of the conformity taking place. Most likely, it is a combination of both. to this present world,#tn Grk “to this age.” but be transformed by the renewing of your mind, so that you may test and approve#sn The verb translated test and approve (δοκιμάζω, dokimazw) carries the sense of “test with a positive outcome,” “test so as to approve.” what is the will of God – what is good and well-pleasing and perfect.
Conduct in Humility
3 For by the grace given to me I say to every one of you not to think more highly of yourself than you ought to think, but to think with sober discernment, as God has distributed to each of you#tn The words “of you” have been supplied for clarity. a measure of faith.#tn Or “to each as God has distributed a measure of faith.” 4 For just as in one body we have many members, and not all the members serve the same function, 5 so we who are many are one body in Christ, and individually we are members who belong to one another. 6 And we have different gifts#tn This word comes from the same root as “grace” in the following clause; it means “things graciously given,” “grace-gifts.” according to the grace given to us. If the gift is prophecy, that individual must use it in proportion to his faith. 7 If it is service, he must serve; if it is teaching, he must teach; 8 if it is exhortation, he must exhort; if it is contributing, he must do so with sincerity; if it is leadership, he must do so with diligence; if it is showing mercy, he must do so with cheerfulness.
Conduct in Love
9 Love must be#tn The verb “must be” is understood in the Greek text. without hypocrisy. Abhor what is evil, cling to what is good. 10 Be devoted to one another with mutual love, showing eagerness in honoring one another. 11 Do not lag in zeal, be enthusiastic in spirit, serve the Lord. 12 Rejoice in hope, endure in suffering, persist in prayer. 13 Contribute to the needs of the saints, pursue hospitality. 14 Bless those who persecute you, bless and do not curse. 15 Rejoice with those who rejoice, weep with those who weep. 16 Live in harmony with one another; do not be haughty but associate with the lowly.#tn Or “but give yourselves to menial tasks.” The translation depends on whether one takes the adjective “lowly” as masculine or neuter. Do not be conceited.#tn Grk “Do not be wise in your thinking.” 17 Do not repay anyone evil for evil; consider what is good before all people.#tn Here ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") is used as a generic and refers to both men and women. 18 If possible, so far as it depends on you, live peaceably with all people.#tn Here ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") is used as a generic and refers to both men and women. 19 Do not avenge yourselves, dear friends, but give place to God’s wrath,#tn Grk “the wrath,” referring to God’s wrath as the remainder of the verse shows. for it is written, “Vengeance is mine, I will repay,”#sn A quotation from Deut 32:35. says the Lord. 20 Rather, if your enemy is hungry, feed him; if he is thirsty, give him a drink; for in doing this you will be heaping burning coals on his head.#sn A quotation from Prov 25:21-22. 21 Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good.
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