2 Samuel 5
5
David Anointed King of Israel
1Then all the tribes of Israel #For ver. 1-3, see 1 Chr. 11:1-3 came to David at Hebron and said, “Behold, #See Gen. 29:14we are your bone and flesh. 2In times past, when Saul was king over us, #[1 Sam. 18:13] it was you who led out and brought in Israel. And the Lord said to you, #ch. 7:7; 1 Chr. 17:6; Ps. 78:71, 72; [Matt. 2:6]‘You shall be shepherd of my people Israel, and you shall be prince#5:2 Or leader over Israel.’” 3So all the elders of Israel came to the king at Hebron, #ch. 3:12, 13, 21; [2 Kgs. 11:17] and King David made a covenant with them at Hebron #Judg. 11:11; 1 Sam. 23:18before the Lord, and they anointed David king over Israel. 4David was thirty years old when he began to reign, and #1 Kgs. 2:11; 1 Chr. 3:4; 29:27he reigned forty years. 5#[See ver. 4 above] At Hebron he reigned over Judah #ch. 2:11seven years and six months, and at Jerusalem he reigned over all Israel and Judah thirty-three years.#5:5 Dead Sea Scroll lacks verses 4–5
6 # For ver. 6-10, see 1 Chr. 11:4-9 And the king and his men went to Jerusalem #Judg. 19:11; [Josh. 15:63; Judg. 1:21]against the Jebusites, the inhabitants of the land, who said to David, “You will not come in here, but the blind and the lame will ward you off”—thinking, “David cannot come in here.” 7Nevertheless, David took the stronghold of Zion, #ch. 6:12, 16that is, the city of David. 8And David said on that day, “Whoever would strike the Jebusites, let him get up the water shaft to attack ‘the lame and the blind,’ who are hated by David’s soul.” Therefore it is said, “The blind and the lame shall not come into the house.” 9And David lived in the stronghold and called it #[See ver. 7 above] the city of David. And David built the city all around from the #1 Kgs. 9:15, 24; 11:27; 2 Kgs. 12:20; 2 Chr. 32:5Millo inward. 10And David became greater and greater, for the Lord, the God of hosts, was with him.
11 # For ver. 11-25, see 1 Chr. 14:1-16 And #1 Kgs. 5; 6Hiram king of Tyre sent messengers to David, and cedar trees, also carpenters and masons who built David a house. 12And David knew that the Lord had established him king over Israel, and that he had exalted his kingdom for the sake of his people Israel.
13And David took more #[1 Chr. 3:9]concubines and wives from Jerusalem, after he came from Hebron, and more sons and daughters were born to David. 14#[1 Chr. 3:5-8]And these are the names of those who were born to him in Jerusalem: Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, Solomon, 15Ibhar, Elishua, Nepheg, Japhia, 16Elishama, Eliada, and Eliphelet.
David Defeats the Philistines
17When the Philistines heard that David had been anointed king over Israel, all the Philistines went up to search for David. But David heard of it and went down #ch. 23:14; 1 Sam. 22:4, 5to the stronghold. 18Now the Philistines had come and spread out in #ver. 22; ch. 23:13; Josh. 15:8; 18:16; [Josh. 17:15]the Valley of Rephaim. 19And David #See ch. 2:1inquired of the Lord, “Shall I go up against the Philistines? Will you give them into my hand?” And the Lord said to David, “Go up, for I will certainly give the Philistines into your hand.” 20And David came to Baal-perazim, and David defeated them there. And he said, “The Lord has broken through my enemies before me like a breaking flood.” #Isa. 28:21Therefore the name of that place is called Baal-perazim.#5:20 Baal-perazim means Lord of breaking through 21And the Philistines left their idols there, and David and his men carried them away.
22And the Philistines came up yet again #ver. 18and spread out in the Valley of Rephaim. 23#See 1 Sam. 22:10And when David inquired of the Lord, he said, “You shall not go up; go around to their rear, and come against them opposite the balsam trees. 24And #[2 Kgs. 7:6] when you hear the sound of marching in the tops of the balsam trees, then rouse yourself, #[Judg. 4:14]for then the Lord has gone out before you to strike down the army of the Philistines.” 25And David did as the Lord commanded him, and struck down the Philistines from Geba #Josh. 10:33to Gezer.
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2 Samuel 5
5
David Becomes King of Israel
(1 Chronicles 11.1-3)
1Israel's leaders met with David at Hebron and said, “We are your relatives. 2Even when Saul was king, you led our nation in battle. And the Lord promised that someday you would rule Israel and take care of us like a shepherd.”
3During the meeting, David made an agreement with the leaders and asked the Lord to be their witness. Then the leaders poured olive oil on David's head to show that he was now the king of Israel.
4 #
1 K 2.10,11; 1 Ch 3.1-4; 29.27. David was 30 years old when he became king, and he ruled for 40 years. 5He lived in Hebron for the first seven and a half years and ruled only Judah. Then he moved to Jerusalem, where he ruled both Israel and Judah for 33 years.
How David Captured Jerusalem
(1 Chronicles 11.4-9; 14.1,2)
6 #
Js 15.63; Jg 1.21. The Jebusites lived in Jerusalem, and David led his army there to attack them. The Jebusites did not think he could get in, so they told him, “You can't get in here! We could keep you out, even if we couldn't see or walk!”
7-9David told his troops, “You will have to go up through the water tunnel to get those Jebusites. I hate people like them#5.7-9 You will … them: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text. who can't walk or see.”
That's why there is still a rule that says, “Only people who can walk and see are allowed in the temple.”#5.7-9 temple: Or “palace.”
David captured the fortress on Mount Zion, then he moved there and named it David's City. He had the city rebuilt, starting with the landfill to the east. 10David became a great and strong ruler, because the Lord All-Powerful was on his side.
11King Hiram of Tyre sent some officials to David. Carpenters and stone workers came with them, and they brought cedar logs so they could build David a palace.
12David knew that the Lord had made him king of Israel and that he had made him a powerful ruler for the good of his people.
David's Sons Born in Jerusalem
(1 Chronicles 14.3-7)
13After David left Hebron and moved to Jerusalem, he married many women#5.13 married many women: Some of these women were second-class wives (see the note at 3.7). from Jerusalem,#5.13 from Jerusalem: Or “in Jerusalem.” and he had a lot of children. 14His sons who were born there were Shammua, Shobab, Nathan, Solomon, 15Ibhar, Elishua, Nepheg, Japhia, 16Elishama, Eliada,#5.16 Eliada: See 1 Chronicles 3.6-8. First Chronicles 14.7 has “Beeliada.” and Eliphelet.
David Fights the Philistines
(1 Chronicles 14.8-17)
17The Philistines heard that David was now king of Israel, and they came into the hill country to try and capture him. But David found out and went into his fortress.#5.17 fortress: Probably the fortress of Adullam, which was David's former hideout (see 1 Samuel 22.1,4; 24.22). Or it could refer to the older walled city of Jerusalem, called the “fortress on Mount Zion” in verses 7-9. 18So the Philistines camped in Rephaim Valley.#5.18 Rephaim Valley: A few kilometers southwest of Jerusalem.
19David asked the Lord, “Should I attack the Philistines? Will you let me win?”
The Lord told David, “Attack! I will let you win.”
20David attacked the Philistines and defeated them. Then he said, “I watched the Lord break through my enemies like a mighty flood.” So he named the place “The Lord Broke Through.”#5.20 The Lord Broke Through: Or “Baal-Perazim.” 21David and his troops also carried away the idols that the Philistines had left behind.
22Some time later, the Philistines came back into the hill country and camped in Rephaim Valley. 23David asked the Lord what he should do, and the Lord answered:
Don't attack them from the front. Circle around behind and attack from among the balsam#5.23 balsam: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text. trees. 24Wait until you hear a sound in the treetops like marching troops. Then attack quickly! That sound will mean I have marched out ahead of you to fight the Philistine army.
25David obeyed the Lord and defeated the Philistines. He even chased them all the way from Geba to the entrance to Gezer.
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