Leviticus 16
16
The Great Day of Forgiveness
1-2 #
3 Macc 1.11; He 6.19. Two of Aaron's sons had already lost their lives for disobeying the Lord,#16.1,2 lost … disobeying the Lord: See 10.1,2. so the Lord told Moses to say to Aaron:
I, the Lord, appear in a cloud over the place of mercy on the sacred chest, which is behind the inside curtain#16.1,2 inside curtain: That separated the holy place from the most holy place. of the sacred tent. And I warn you not to go there except at the proper time. Otherwise, you will die!
3 #
He 9.7. Before entering this most holy place, you must offer a bull as a sacrifice for your sins#16.3 for your sins: See 4.3-12. and a ram as a sacrifice to please me.#16.3 sacrifice to please me: See the note at 1.1-3. 4You will take a bath and put on the sacred linen clothes, including the underwear, the robe, the sash, and the turban. 5Then the community of Israel will bring you a ram and two goats, both of them males. The goats are to be used as sacrifices for sin, and the ram is to be used as a sacrifice to please me.
6Aaron, you must offer the bull as a sacrifice of forgiveness for your own sins and for the sins of your family. 7Then you will lead the two goats into my presence at the front of the sacred tent, 8where I will show you#16.8 I will show you: The Hebrew text has “you must cast lots to find out.” Pieces of wood or stone (called “lots”) were used to find out what God wanted his people to do. which goat will be sacrificed to me and which one will be sent into the desert to the demon Azazel.#16.8 Azazel: It was believed that a demon named Azazel lived in the desert. 9After you offer the first goat as a sacrifice for sin, 10the other one must be presented to me alive, before you send it into the desert to take away the sins of the people.
11You must offer the bull as a sacrifice to ask forgiveness for your own sins and for the sins of your family. 12Then you will take a fire pan of live coals from the bronze altar, together with two handfuls of finely ground incense, into the most holy place. 13There you will present them to me by placing the incense on the coals, so that the place of mercy will be covered with a cloud of smoke. Do this, or you will die right there! 14Next, use a finger to sprinkle some of the blood on the place of mercy, which is on the lid of the sacred chest; then sprinkle blood seven times in front of the chest.
15 #
He 9.12. Aaron, you must next sacrifice the goat for the sins of the people, and you must sprinkle its blood inside the most holy place, just as you did with the blood of the bull. 16By doing this, you will take away the sins that make both the most holy place and the people of Israel unclean. Do the same for the sacred tent, which is here among the people. 17Only you are allowed in the sacred tent from the time you enter until the time you come out. 18After leaving the tent, you will purify the bronze altar by smearing each of its four corners with some of the blood from the bull and from the goat. 19Use a finger to sprinkle the altar seven times with the blood, and it will be completely clean from the sins of the people.
20After you have purified the most holy place, the sacred tent, and the bronze altar, you must bring the live goat to the front of the tent. 21#Tb 8.3. There you will lay your hands on its head, while confessing every sin the people have committed, and you will appoint someone to lead the goat into the desert, so that it can take away their sins. 22Finally, this goat that carries the heavy burden of Israel's sins must be released deep in the desert.
23-24 #
Ez 44.19. Aaron, after this you must go inside the sacred tent, take a bath, put on your regular priestly clothes, and leave there the clothes you put on before entering the most holy place. Then you will come out and offer sacrifices to please me and sacrifices for your sins and for the sins of the people. 25The fat from these sacrifices for sin must be sent up in smoke on the bronze altar.
26The one who led the goat into the desert and sent it off to the demon Azazel must take a bath and wash his clothes before coming back into camp. 27#He 13.11. The remains of the bull and the goat whose blood was taken into the most holy place must be taken outside the camp and burned. 28And whoever does this must take a bath and change clothes before coming back into camp.
The Lord told Moses to say to the people:
29 #
Lv 23.26-32; Nu 29.7-11. On the tenth day of the seventh month#16.29 seventh month: Tishri (also called Ethanim), the seventh month of the Hebrew calendar, from about mid-September to mid-October. of each year, you must go without eating to show sorrow for your sins, and no one, including foreigners who live among you, is allowed to work. 30This is the day on which the sacrifice for the forgiveness of your sins will be made in my presence, 31and from now on, it must be celebrated each year. Go without eating and make this a day of complete rest just like the Sabbath. 32The high priest must offer the sacrifices for cleansing from sin, while wearing the sacred linen clothes. 33He will offer these sacrifices for the most holy place, the sacred tent, the bronze altar, all the priests, and for the whole community. 34You must celebrate this day each year—it is the Great Day of Forgiveness#16.34 Great Day of Forgiveness: Traditionally known as the Day of Atonement. for all the sins of the people of Israel.
Moses did exactly as the Lord had commanded.
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Leviticus 16: CEV
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Contemporary English Version, Second Edition (CEV®)
© 2006 American Bible Society. All rights reserved.
Leviticus 16
16
The Day of Atonement
1The Lord spoke to Moses after the death of two of Aaron’s sons when they approached the presence#Gn 4:14 of#16:1 LXX, Tg, Syr, Vg read they brought strange fire before; Nm 3:4 the Lord and died.#Lv 10:1–2 2The Lord said to Moses, “Tell your brother Aaron that he may not come whenever he wants into the holy place#Heb 6:19 behind the curtain#Mk 15:38 in front of the mercy seat#Ex 31:7 on the ark or else he will die, because I appear in the cloud#Ex 16:10 above the mercy seat.#Nm 7:89; 16:42; 1Kg 8:10–12; Heb 9:5
3“Aaron is to enter the most holy place#Lv 4:1–12; Heb 9:7,24–25 in this way: with a young bull for a sin offering and a ram for a burnt offering.#Gn 22:2; Lv 3:5; Nm 6:11; Jos 8:31; 1Ch 16:1; Ps 20:3; Mc 6:6 4He is to wear a holy linen tunic, and linen undergarments are to be on his body. He is to tie a linen sash around him and wrap his head with a linen turban.#Ex 28:42–43; Lv 6:10; 8:7–8; Ezk 44:17–19 These are holy garments; he must bathe his body with water before he wears them. 5He is to take from the Israelite community two male goats for a sin offering and one ram for a burnt offering.#Lv 4:23–24; 8:18–21; 9:15
6“Aaron will present the bull for his sin offering and make atonement for himself and his household. 7Next he will take the two goats and place them before the Lord at the entrance to the tent of meeting. 8After Aaron casts lots#Nm 26:55 for the two goats, one lot for the Lord and the other for an uninhabitable place,#16:8 Lit for Azazel, also in vv. 10 (2x),26#16:8 Traditionally “for the scapegoat”; perhaps a term that means “for the goat that departs,” or “for removal,” or “for a rough, difficult place,” or “for a goat-demon”; Hb obscure, also in vv. 10,26#Lv 16:26 9he is to present the goat chosen by lot for the Lord and sacrifice it as a sin offering.#Nm 29:11 10But the goat chosen by lot for an uninhabitable place is to be presented alive before the Lord to make atonement with it by sending it into the wilderness#Gn 14:6 for an uninhabitable place.
11“When Aaron presents the bull for his sin offering and makes atonement for himself and his household, he will slaughter the bull for his sin offering. 12Then he is to take a firepan full of blazing coals from the altar before the Lord and two handfuls of finely ground fragrant incense,#Nm 7:14 and bring them inside the curtain.#Mk 15:38 13He is to put the incense on the fire before the Lord, so that the cloud#Ex 16:10 of incense covers the mercy seat that is over the testimony,#Ex 31:18 or else he will die.#Lv 10:1; Nm 16:46–48; Ps 141:2; Rv 8:3–5 14He is to take some of the bull’s blood#Heb 9:22 and sprinkle it with his finger against the east side of the mercy seat; then he will sprinkle some of the blood with his finger before the mercy seat seven times.#Lv 4:6; Heb 9:4–5
15“When he slaughters the male goat for the people’s sin offering and brings its blood inside the curtain, he will do the same with its blood as he did with the bull’s blood: He is to sprinkle it against the mercy seat and in front of it. 16He will make atonement for the most holy place in this way for all their sins because of the Israelites’ impurities and rebellious acts.#Ex 22:9 He will do the same for the tent of meeting that remains among them, because it is surrounded by their impurities. 17No one may be in the tent of meeting from the time he enters to make atonement in the most holy place until he leaves after he has made atonement for himself, his household, and the whole assembly of Israel.#1Tm 2:5; Heb 9:7 18Then he will go out to the altar that is before the Lord and make atonement for it. He is to take some of the bull’s blood and some of the goat’s blood and put it on the horns on all sides of the altar. 19He is to sprinkle some of the blood on it with his finger seven times to cleanse and set it apart#Lv 8:10 from the Israelites’ impurities.#Heb 9:11–14
20“When he has finished making atonement for the most holy place, the tent of meeting, and the altar, he is to present the live male goat. 21Aaron will lay both his hands on the head of the live goat and confess#Lv 5:5; 26:40; Nm 5:7; 2Ch 30:22; Neh 1:6; 9:2; Dn 9:4,20 over it all the Israelites’ iniquities#Lv 5:1 and rebellious acts — all their sins.#Ezr 10:1; Neh 9:2–3; Dn 9:20; 2Co 5:21; Jms 5:16; 1Jn 1:9 He is to put them on the goat’s head and send it away into the wilderness#Lv 14:7 by the man appointed for the task.#16:21 Lit wilderness in the hand of a ready man 22The goat will carry all their iniquities into a desolate land,#Ps 103:12; Is 53:4,6,11–12; Jn 1:29; Heb 9:28; 1Pt 2:24; 1Jn 3:5 and the man will release it there.
23“Then Aaron is to enter the tent of meeting, take off the linen garments#Lv 6:11 he wore when he entered the most holy place, and leave them there. 24He will bathe his body with water in a holy place#Ex 29:31; Lv 6:16,26–27; 7:6; 10:13; 24:9; Ec 8:10; Ezk 42:13 and put on his clothes.#Lv 8:6–9 Then he must go out and sacrifice his burnt offering and the people’s burnt offering; he will make atonement for himself and for the people. 25He is to burn the fat of the sin offering on the altar. 26The man who released the goat for an uninhabitable place is to wash his clothes and bathe his body with water; afterward he may reenter the camp. 27The bull for the sin offering and the goat for the sin offering, whose blood was brought into the most holy place to make atonement, must be brought outside the camp#Lv 8:17 and their hide,#Lv 7:8 flesh, and waste burned.#Lv 4:11–12; Heb 13:11–12 28The one who burns them is to wash his clothes and bathe himself with water; afterward he may reenter the camp.
29“This is to be a permanent statute#Ex 28:43; Lv 11:46 for you: In the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month you are to practice self-denial#Lv 23:27–32; Nm 29:7; Ps 35:13; Is 58:3,5; Dn 10:12 and do no work,#Ex 12:16; Lv 23:3,28,31; Nm 29:7; Jr 17:22 both the native and the alien#Ex 12:49; Lv 17:15; 18:26 who resides among you. 30Atonement will be made for you on this day to cleanse you,#Lv 13:6 and you will be clean from all your sins before the Lord. 31It is a Sabbath#Gn 2:2 of complete rest for you,#Ex 16:23; 31:15; 35:2; Lv 23:3,24,32,39; 25:4–5 and you must practice self-denial; it is a permanent statute. 32The priest who is anointed and ordained#16:32 Lit and will fill his hand#Ex 29:33 to serve as high priest#Lv 8:12,33 in place of his father will make atonement. He will put on the linen garments, the holy garments, 33and make atonement for the most holy place. He will make atonement for the tent of meeting and the altar and will make atonement for the priests and all the people of the assembly. 34This is to be a permanent statute for you, to make atonement for the Israelites once a year#Heb 9:7 because of all their sins.” And all this was done as the Lord commanded Moses.
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