1 Samuel 30
30
David’s Defeat of the Amalekites
1David and his men#Gn 14:1–16 arrived in Ziklag#1Sm 27:6,8 on the third day. The Amalekites#1Sm 15:7; 27:8–10 had raided the Negev and attacked and burned Ziklag. 2They also had kidnapped the women and everyone#30:2 LXX; MT omits and everyone in it from youngest to oldest. They had killed no one but had carried them off#1Sm 27:11 as they went on their way.
3When David and his men arrived at the town, they found it burned. Their wives, sons, and daughters had been kidnapped. 4David and the troops with him wept loudly until they had no strength left to weep. 5David’s two wives,#1Sm 25:42–43 Ahinoam the Jezreelite and Abigail the widow of Nabal the Carmelite, had also been kidnapped. 6David was in an extremely difficult position because the troops talked about stoning him,#Ex 17:4 for they were all very bitter over the loss of their sons and daughters. But David found strength in the Lord his God.#1Sm 23:16; Ps 18:2; 27:14
7David said to the priest Abiathar son of Ahimelech, “Bring me the ephod.”#1Sm 23:6–9 So Abiathar brought it to him, 8and David asked the Lord,#1Sm 23:2,4 “Should I pursue these raiders? Will I overtake them?” #Ex 15:9
The Lord replied to him, “Pursue them, for you will certainly overtake them and rescue the people.”#1Sm 30:18
9So David and the six hundred men with him#1Sm 27:2 went. They came to the Wadi Besor, where some stayed behind.#1Sm 30:21 10David and four hundred of the men continued the pursuit, while two hundred stopped because they were too exhausted to cross the Wadi Besor.
11David’s men found an Egyptian in the open country and brought him to David. They gave him some bread to eat and water to drink. 12Then they gave him some pressed figs and two clusters of raisins. After he ate he revived,#Jdg 15:19 for he hadn’t eaten food or drunk water for three days and three nights.
13Then David said to him, “Who do you belong to? Where are you from?”
“I’m an Egyptian, the slave of an Amalekite man,” he said. “My master abandoned me when I got sick three days ago. 14We raided the south country of the Cherethites,#1Sm 30:16; 2Sm 8:18; Ezk 25:16 the territory of Judah, and the south country of Caleb,#Jos 14:13; 21:11–12 and we burned Ziklag.”#1Sm 30:1
15David then asked him, “Will you lead me to these raiders?”
He said, “Swear to me by God that you won’t kill me or turn me over to my master, and I will lead you to them.”
16So he led him, and there were the Amalekites, spread out over the entire area, eating, drinking, and celebrating because of the great amount of plunder#1Sm 30:14 they had taken from the land of the Philistines and the land of Judah. 17David slaughtered them from twilight until the evening of the next day.#1Sm 11:11 None of them escaped, except four hundred young men who got on camels and fled.#Jdg 7:12; 1Sm 15:3
18David recovered everything the Amalekites had taken; he also rescued his two wives. 19Nothing of theirs was missing from the youngest to the oldest, including the sons and daughters, and all the plunder the Amalekites had taken. David got everything back.#1Sm 30:8 20He took all the flocks and herds, which were driven ahead of the other livestock, and the people shouted, “This is David’s plunder!” #1Sm 30:26–31
21When David came to the two hundred men who had been too exhausted to go with him and had been left at the Wadi Besor,#1Sm 30:9–10 they came out to meet him and to meet the troops with him. When David approached the men, he greeted them, 22but all the corrupt and worthless men among those who had gone with David argued, “Because they didn’t go with us, we will not give any of the plunder we recovered to them except for each man’s wife and children. They may take them and go.”
23But David said, “My brothers, you must not do this with what the Lord has given us. He protected us and handed over to us the raiders who came against us. 24Who can agree to your proposal? The share of the one who goes into battle is to be the same as the share of the one who remains with the supplies. They will share equally.”#Nm 31:25–27; Jos 22:8 25And it has been so from that day forward. David established this policy#30:25 this policy supplied for clarity as a law and an ordinance for Israel and it still continues today.
26When David came to Ziklag, he sent some of the plunder to his friends, the elders of Judah, saying, “Here is a gift for you#1Sm 25:27 from the plunder of the Lord’s enemies.”#1Sm 18:17; 25:28 27He sent gifts#30:27 He sent gifts supplied for clarity to those in Bethel,#Jos 15:30; 19:4 in Ramoth of the Negev,#Jos 19:8 and in Jattir;#Jos 15:48; 21:14 28to those in Aroer,#1Ch 11:44 in Siphmoth,#1Ch 27:27 and in Eshtemoa;#Jos 15:50 29to those in Racal, in the towns of the Jerahmeelites,#1Sm 27:10 and in the towns of the Kenites;#1Sm 15:6 30to those in Hormah,#Jos 12:14; 15:30; 19:4 in Bor-ashan,#Jos 15:42; 19:7 and in Athach; 31to those in Hebron,#Nm 13:22; Jos 14:13–15; 21:11–13 and to those in all the places where David and his men had roamed.#1Sm 23:22
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1 Samuel 30: CSB
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© 2017 Holman Bible Publishers
1 Samuel 30
30
David’s Victory over the Amalekites
1Then it happened when David and his men came to Ziklag on the third day, that the Amalekites had made a raid on the Negev and on Ziklag, and had overthrown Ziklag and burned it with fire; 2and they took captive the women and all who were in it, both small and great, without killing anyone, and carried them off and went their way. 3When David and his men came to the city, behold, it was burned with fire, and their wives and their sons and their daughters had been taken captive. 4Then David and the people who were with him lifted their voices and wept until there was no strength in them to weep. 5Now David’s two wives had been taken captive, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess and Abigail the widow of Nabal the Carmelite. 6Moreover David was greatly distressed because the people spoke of stoning him, for all the people were embittered, each one because of his sons and his daughters. But David strengthened himself in the Lord his God.
7Then David said to Abiathar the priest, the son of Ahimelech, “Please bring me the ephod.” So Abiathar brought the ephod to David. 8David inquired of the Lord, saying, “Shall I pursue this band? Shall I overtake them?” And He said to him, “Pursue, for you will surely overtake them, and you will surely rescue all.” 9So David went, he and the six hundred men who were with him, and came to the brook Besor, where those left behind remained. 10But David pursued, he and four hundred men, for two hundred who were too exhausted to cross the brook Besor remained behind.
11Now they found an Egyptian in the field and brought him to David, and gave him bread and he ate, and they provided him water to drink. 12They gave him a piece of fig cake and two clusters of raisins, and he ate; then his spirit revived. For he had not eaten bread or drunk water for three days and three nights. 13David said to him, “To whom do you belong? And where are you from?” And he said, “I am a young man of Egypt, a servant of an Amalekite; and my master left me behind when I fell sick three days ago. 14We made a raid on the Negev of the Cherethites, and on that which belongs to Judah, and on the Negev of Caleb, and we burned Ziklag with fire.” 15Then David said to him, “Will you bring me down to this band?” And he said, “Swear to me by God that you will not kill me or deliver me into the hands of my master, and I will bring you down to this band.”
16When he had brought him down, behold, they were spread over all the land, eating and drinking and dancing because of all the great spoil that they had taken from the land of the Philistines and from the land of Judah. 17David slaughtered them from the twilight until the evening of the next day; and not a man of them escaped, except four hundred young men who rode on camels and fled. 18So David recovered all that the Amalekites had taken, and rescued his two wives. 19But nothing of theirs was missing, whether small or great, sons or daughters, spoil or anything that they had taken for themselves; David brought it all back. 20So David had captured all the sheep and the cattle which the people drove ahead of the other livestock, and they said, “This is David’s spoil.”
The Spoils Are Divided
21When David came to the two hundred men who were too exhausted to follow David, who had also been left at the brook Besor, and they went out to meet David and to meet the people who were with him, then David approached the people and greeted them. 22Then all the wicked and worthless men among those who went with David said, “Because they did not go with us, we will not give them any of the spoil that we have recovered, except to every man his wife and his children, that they may lead them away and depart.” 23Then David said, “You must not do so, my brothers, with what the Lord has given us, who has kept us and delivered into our hand the band that came against us. 24And who will listen to you in this matter? For as his share is who goes down to the battle, so shall his share be who stays by the baggage; they shall share alike.” 25So it has been from that day forward, that he made it a statute and an ordinance for Israel to this day.
26Now when David came to Ziklag, he sent some of the spoil to the elders of Judah, to his friends, saying, “Behold, a gift for you from the spoil of the enemies of the Lord: 27to those who were in Bethel, and to those who were in Ramoth of the Negev, and to those who were in Jattir, 28and to those who were in Aroer, and to those who were in Siphmoth, and to those who were in Eshtemoa, 29and to those who were in Racal, and to those who were in the cities of the Jerahmeelites, and to those who were in the cities of the Kenites, 30and to those who were in Hormah, and to those who were in Bor-ashan, and to those who were in Athach, 31and to those who were in Hebron, and to all the places where David himself and his men were accustomed to go.”
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