Joshua 12
12
1 Now these are the kings of the land whom the Israelites defeated and drove from their land#tn Heb “and took possession of their land.” on the east side of the Jordan,#tn Heb “beyond the Jordan, toward the rising of the sun.” from the Arnon Valley to Mount Hermon, including all the eastern Arabah:
2 King Sihon of the Amorites who lived#tn Or perhaps, “reigned.” in Heshbon and ruled from Aroer (on the edge of the Arnon Valley) – including the city in the middle of the valley#tc The MT reads here, “and the middle of the valley,” but the reading “the city in the middle of valley” can be reconstructed on the basis of Josh 13:9, 16. and half of Gilead – all the way to the Jabbok Valley bordering Ammonite territory. 3 His kingdom included#tn The words “his kingdom included” are supplied in the translation for clarification. the eastern Arabah from the Sea of Kinnereth#sn The Sea of Kinnereth is another name for the Sea of Galilee. See the note on the word “Kinnereth” in 11:2. to the Sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea),#sn The Salt Sea is another name for the Dead Sea. including the route to Beth Jeshimoth and the area southward below the slopes of Pisgah.
4 The territory of King Og of Bashan, one of the few remaining Rephaites,#tn Heb “from the remnant of the Rephaites.”sn The Rephaites were apparently an extremely tall ethnic group. See Deut 2:10-11, 20; 3:11. who lived#tn Or perhaps “who reigned.” in Ashtaroth and Edrei 5 and ruled over Mount Hermon, Salecah, all of Bashan to the border of the Geshurites and Maacathites, and half of Gilead as far as the border of King Sihon of Heshbon.
6 Moses the Lord’s servant and the Israelites defeated them and Moses the Lord’s servant assigned their land#tn Heb “gave it for a possession.” to Reuben, Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh.
7 These are the kings of the land whom Joshua and the Israelites defeated on the west side of the Jordan, from Baal Gad in the Lebanon Valley to Mount Halak on up to Seir. Joshua assigned this territory to the Israelite tribes,#tn Heb “Joshua gave it to the tribes of Israel as a possession according to their allotted portions.” 8 including the hill country, the lowlands,#tn Or “the foothills”; Heb “the Shephelah.” the Arabah, the slopes, the wilderness, and the Negev – the land of#tn The words “the land of” are supplied in the translation for clarification. the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites:
9 the king of Jericho#map For location see Map5-B2; Map6-E1; Map7-E1; Map8-E3; Map10-A2; Map11-A1. (one),
the king of Ai – located near Bethel – (one),
10 the king of Jerusalem#map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4. (one),
the king of Hebron (one),
11 the king of Jarmuth (one),
the king of Lachish (one),
12 the king of Eglon (one),
the king of Gezer (one),
13 the king of Debir (one),
the king of Geder (one),
14 the king of Hormah (one),
the king of Arad (one),
15 the king of Libnah (one),
the king of Adullam (one),
16 the king of Makkedah (one),
the king of Bethel#map For location see Map4-G4; Map5-C1; Map6-E3; Map7-D1; Map8-G3. (one),
17 the king of Tappuah (one),
the king of Hepher (one),
18 the king of Aphek (one),
the king of Lasharon (one),
19 the king of Madon (one),
the king of Hazor#map For location see Map1-D2; Map2-D3; Map3-A2; Map4-C1. (one),
20 the king of Shimron Meron (one),
the king of Acshaph (one),
21 the king of Taanach (one),
the king of Megiddo#map For location see Map1-D4; Map2-C1; Map4-C2; Map5-F2; Map7-B1. (one),
22 the king of Kedesh (one),
the king of Jokneam near Carmel (one),
23 the king of Dor – near Naphath Dor – (one),
the king of Goyim – near Gilgal – (one),
24 the king of Tirzah (one),
a total of thirty-one kings.
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Joshua 12
12
The Kings Conquered by Joshua
1These are the kings of the land whom the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” defeated, and of whose land they took possession beyond the Jordon to the east,#Literally “to the rising of the sun” from the wadi#A valley that is dry most of the year, but contains a stream during the rainy season of Arnon up to Mount Hermon, and all the Arabah#A dry region that runs south of the Sea of Galilee along the Jordan Valley to the east: 2Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the wadi#A valley that is dry most of the year, but contains a stream during the rainy season of Arnon, from the middle of the valley and half of Gilead, up to the Jabbok River,#Literally “Jabbok the wadi” which marks the border of the Ammonites;#Literally “sons of Ammon” or “children of Ammon” 3and the Arabah#A dry region that runs south of the Sea of Galilee along the Jordan Valley up to the Kinnereth Sea#That is, the Sea of Galilee to the east, and as far as the sea of Arabah, the Salt Sea#That is, the Dead Sea to the east, in the direction of#Literally “the way of” Beth Jeshimoth, and to the area southward, at the foot of#Literally “under” the slopes of Pisgah;#Or Ashdoth Pisgah 4the territory of Og king of Bashan, one of the last of the Rephaites, who lived at Ashtaroth and Edrei 5and ruled over Mount Hermon and Salecah and over all Bashan up to the border of the Geshurites#Hebrew “Geshurite” and the Maacathites,#Hebrew “Maacathite” and half of Gilead, as far as the border of Sihon king of Heshbon. 6Moses Yahweh’s servant and the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” defeated them; and Moses Yahweh’s servant gave it as a possession to the Reubenites,#Hebrew “Reubenite” the Gadites,#Hebrew “Gadite” and the half-tribe of Manasseh.
The Kings Conquered by Moses
7These are the kings of the land whom Joshua and the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” defeated beyond to the Jordan to the west, from Baal Gad in the valley of Lebanon,#Or “white mountain” and up to Mount Halak, which rises to Seir. And Joshua gave it as a possession to the tribes of Israel according to their allotments, 8in the hill country, the Shephelah,#Or “lowlands”; a geographical region on the western edge of the hills of Judea the Arabah,#A dry region that runs south of the Sea of Galilee along the Jordan Valley on the slopes, in the wilderness, and in the Negev;#An arid region south of the Judaean hills the Hittites,#Hebrew “Hittite” the Amorites,#Hebrew “Amorite” the Canaanites,#Hebrew “Canaanite” the Perizzites,#Hebrew “Perizzite” the Hivites,#Hebrew “Hivite” and the Jebusites:#Hebrew “Jebusite”
9the king of Jericho, one; the king of Ai, which is beside Bethel, one;
10the king of Jerusalem, one; the king of Hebron, one;
11the king of Jarmuth, one; the king of Lachish, one;
12the king of Eglon, one; the king of Gezer, one;
13the king of Debir, one; the king of Geder, one;
14the king of Hormah, one; the king of Arad, one;
15the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;
16the king of Makkedah, one; the king of Bethel, one;
17the king of Tappuah, one; the king of Hepher, one;
18the king of Aphek, one; the king of Lasharon, one;
19the king of Madon, one; the king of Hazor, one;
20the king of Shimron-meron, one; the king of Acshaph, one;
21the king of Taanach, one; the king of Megiddo, one;
22the king of Kedesh, one; the king of Jokneam in Carmel, one;
23the king of Dor in Naphath Dor, one; the king of Goiim for Gilgal, one;
24the king of Tirzah, one; all the kings, thirty-one.
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