Jeremiah 44
44
A Message of Rebuke for the Rebellious Remnant
1The word that came to Jeremiah concerning all the Judeans who were living in the land of Egypt, who were living at Migdol, and Tahpanhes, and Memphis, and in the land of Pathros, saying,#Literally “to say” 2“Thus says Yahweh of hosts, the God of Israel: ‘You yourselves have seen all the disaster that I have brought on Jerusalem, and on all the towns of Judah. And look, they are a site of ruins this day, and there is not in them an inhabitant, 3because of#Literally “from the face of” their wickedness that they committed to provoke me to anger by going to make smoke offerings, serving other gods whom they had not known, neither they, you, or your ancestors.#Or “fathers” 4And I sent to you all my servants the prophets, sending over and over again,#Literally “doing early and sending” saying,#Literally “to say” “Please, you must not do this detestable thing that I hate.” 5But they did not listen and they did not incline their ears#Hebrew “ear” to turn back from their wickedness, to not make smoke offerings to other gods. 6So my wrath and my anger were poured out#The Hebrew verb is singular and burned#The Hebrew verb is singular in the towns of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem, and they became as a site of ruins, as a desolation, as they are this day.’
7So then, thus says Yahweh, the God of hosts, the God of Israel, ‘Why are you doing great harm to yourselves,#Literally “your lives” to cut off for yourselves man and woman, child and suckling, from the midst of Judah, to not leave over for yourselves a remnant, 8provoking me to anger with the works of your hands, to make smoke offerings to other gods in the land of Egypt where you have come to dwell as aliens, so as to cut off yourselves, and so that you are becoming as a curse, and as a disgrace among all the nations of the earth? 9Have you forgotten the wicked things of your ancestors,#Or “fathers” and the wicked things of the kings of Judah, and the wicked things of their wives, and your wicked things, and the wicked things of your wives, which they committed in the land of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem? 10They have not shown contrition up to this day, and they have not shown reverence, and they have not walked in my law and in my statutes that I set before you#Literally “to the face of you” and before#Literally “to the face of” your ancestors.’#Or “fathers”
11Therefore#Literally “To thus” thus says Yahweh of hosts, the God of Israel: ‘Look, I am determined to bring disaster on you,#Literally “I am setting my face against you for disaster” even to exterminate all Judah.12And I will take away the remnant of Judah who are determined#Literally “who set their faces” to come to the land of Egypt to dwell as aliens there, and everyone will perish. They will fall in the land of Egypt by the sword; they will perish by the famine, from the smallest to the greatest. By the sword and by the famine they will die and become as a curse, as a horror, and as a curse, and as a disgrace. 13So I will punish those who live in the land of Egypt just as I have punished Jerusalem, with the sword, with the famine, and with the plague. 14And there will not be a survivor or an escapee of the remnant of Judah, those who have come to dwell as an alien there in the land of Egypt, to return to the land of Judah where they are longing#Literally “lifting up their soul” to return to dwell there, for they will not turn back, but only#Literally “but if” some survivors.’ ”
15Then all the men who knew that their wives were making smoke offerings to other gods, and all the women who stood by, a great assembly, and all the people who lived in the land of Egypt in Pathros, answered Jeremiah, saying,#Literally “to say” 16“Concerning the word that you have spoken to us in the name of Yahweh, we are not going to listen to you! 17But certainly we will do everything#Literally “all the word” that went out from our mouths,#Hebrew “mouth” to make smoke offerings to the queen of heaven and to pour out to her libations just as we did, we, and our ancestors,#Or “fathers” our kings, and our officials, in the towns of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem, for then we had enough to eat,#Literally “we satisfied ourselves with food” and we were well-off, and we did not see disaster. 18But since#Literally “from” we stopped making smoke offerings to the queen of heaven and pouring out libations to her, we have lacked everything, and by the sword and by the famine we have perished. 19And indeed, when we were making smoke offerings to the queen of heaven and pouring out#Literally “to pour out” to her libations, was it not with the consent of#Literally “from apart from” our husbands that we made for her sacrificial cakes marked with her image,#Literally “to the copying of her” and we poured out to her libations?”
20Then Jeremiah said to all the people, to the men and to the women, and to all the people who answered him a word, saying,#Literally “to say” 21“The offering that you made, smoke offerings in the towns of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem, you, and your ancestors,#Or “fathers” your kings, and your officials, and the people of the land, did not Yahweh remember them, and did it not come to his mind?#Literally “heart” 22And Yahweh was no longer able to bear#Or “endure” it, because of#Literally “from the face of” the evil of your deeds, because of#Literally “from the face of” the detestable things that you committed. Thus your land became as a site of ruins, and as a horror, and as a curse, without#Literally “from there is not” inhabitants, as it is this day. 23Because of#Literally “From the face of” the fact that you made smoke offerings, and that you sinned against Yahweh, and you did not listen to the voice of Yahweh, and you have not walked in his law, and in his statute, and in his legal provisions, therefore#Literally “unto thus” this disaster has happened to you, as it is this day.”
24Then Jeremiah said to all the people and to all the women, “Hear the word of Yahweh, all Judah who are in the land of Egypt. 25Thus says Yahweh of hosts, the God of Israel, saying,#Literally “to say” ‘You and your wives have promised with your mouths#Hebrew “mouth” and with your hands#Hebrew “hand” you have fulfilled, saying,#Literally “to say” “We certainly will carry out our vows that we vowed, to make smoke offerings to the queen of the heavens,#Hebrew “heaven” and to pour out to her libations.” You must certainly keep your vows and you must certainly carry out your vows.’ 26Therefore#Literally “To thus” hear the word of Yahweh, all Judah, those who live in the land of Egypt: ‘Look, I hereby swear by my great name,’ says Yahweh, ‘surely my name will no longer be called in the mouth of any man of Judah, saying, “as the Lord Yahweh lives,”#Literally “the life of Lord Yahweh” in all the land of Egypt. 27Look, I am going to watch over them for harm and not for good, and all people#Or “men” of Judah who are in the land of Egypt will perish by the sword and by the famine until their perishing. 28And the survivors of the sword will return from the land of Egypt to the land of Judah few in number.#Literally “males of number” And all the remnant of Judah who have come to the land of Egypt to dwell as aliens there will know whose word will endure, from me or from them. 29And this will be to you the sign,’ declares#Literally “a declaration of” Yahweh, ‘that I am going to punish you in this place, so that you may know that surely my words will endure against you for evil.’ 30Thus says Yahweh: ‘Look, I am going to give Pharaoh Hophra, the king of Egypt, into the hand of his enemies, and into the hand of those who seek his life, just as I gave Zedekiah the king of Judah into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon, his enemy and the one who sought his life.’ ”
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Jeremiah 44
44
Judgment for Idolatry
1The word that came to Jeremiah concerning all the Judeans who lived in the land of Egypt, at #ch. 46:14; Ex. 14:2 Migdol, at #See ch. 43:7-9 Tahpanhes, at Memphis, and in the land of #ver. 15; See Isa. 11:11Pathros, 2“Thus says the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel: You have seen all the disaster that I brought upon Jerusalem and upon all the cities of Judah. Behold, this day #ver. 6they are a desolation, and no one dwells in them, 3because of the evil that they committed, #ver. 8; See ch. 7:18, 19 provoking me to anger, #See ch. 1:16 in that they went to make offerings #ch. 19:4; Deut. 6:14and serve other gods that they knew not, neither they, nor you, nor your fathers. 4#See 2 Chr. 36:15Yet I persistently sent to you all my servants the prophets, saying, ‘Oh, do not do this abomination that I hate!’ 5#See ch. 34:14But they did not listen #See ch. 34:14or incline their ear, to turn from their evil and make no offerings to other gods. 6#See ch. 7:20 Therefore my wrath and my anger were poured out and kindled in the cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem, #See ch. 7:34; 9:11and they became a waste and a desolation, as at this day. 7And now thus says the Lord God of hosts, the God of Israel: Why do you commit this great evil #Hab. 2:10; [Num. 16:38; Prov. 20:2] against yourselves, to cut off from you #[ch. 38:23; Lam. 2:11]man and woman, #[ch. 38:23; Lam. 2:11]infant and child, from the midst of Judah, leaving you no remnant? 8#[See ver. 3 above] Why do you provoke me to anger with the works of your hands, #[See ver. 3 above] making offerings to other gods in the land of Egypt where you have come to live, so that you may be cut off and become #ch. 42:18; See ch. 18:16a curse and a taunt among all the nations of the earth? 9Have you forgotten the evil of your fathers, #[ch. 15:4] the evil of the kings of Judah, #1 Kgs. 11:1, 8; 15:13; 2 Kgs. 11:1 the evil of their#44:9 Hebrew his wives, your own evil, #ver. 15, 25and the evil of your wives, which they committed in the land of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem? 10They have not humbled themselves even to this day, #[Prov. 28:14]nor have they feared, nor walked in my law and my statutes that I set before you and before your fathers.
11“Therefore thus says the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel: #See ch. 21:10Behold, I will set my face against you for harm, to cut off all Judah. 12I will take the remnant of Judah who have #ch. 42:15 set their faces to come to the land of Egypt to live, and they shall all be consumed. #ch. 42:16 In the land of Egypt they shall fall; by the sword and by famine #ch. 42:16 they shall be consumed. #See ch. 6:13 From the least to the greatest, they shall die by the sword and by famine, #See ch. 18:16 and they shall become an oath, a horror, #[See ver. 8 above]a curse, and a taunt. 13#ch. 43:11I will punish those who dwell in the land of Egypt, as I have punished Jerusalem, with the sword, with famine, and with pestilence, 14#ch. 42:17 so that none of the remnant of Judah who have come to live in the land of Egypt shall escape or survive #[ch. 22:27] or return to the land of Judah, to which they desire to return to dwell there. For they shall not return, #[ver. 28]except some fugitives.”
15Then all the men who knew that #ver. 9, 25 their wives had made offerings to other gods, and all the women who stood by, a great assembly, all the people who lived in #See ver. 1Pathros in the land of Egypt, answered Jeremiah: 16“As for the word that you have spoken to us in the name of the Lord, #ch. 6:16; 42:13we will not listen to you. 17#[Judg. 11:36] But we will do everything that we have vowed, make offerings to #ch. 7:18 the queen of heaven #ch. 19:13 and pour out drink offerings to her, #[1 Kgs. 11:33; 2 Kgs. 21:3]as we did, both we and our fathers, our kings and our officials, in the cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem. For then we had plenty of food, and prospered, and saw no disaster. 18But since we left off making offerings to #[See ver. 17 above] the queen of heaven and pouring out drink offerings to her, we have lacked everything #[Lam. 3:22]and have been consumed by the sword and by famine.” 19And the women said,#44:19 Compare Syriac; Hebrew lacks And the women said “When we made offerings to the queen of heaven #ch. 7:18 and poured out drink offerings to her, was it #[Num. 30:6, 7]without our husbands’ approval that we made cakes for her bearing her image and poured out drink offerings to her?”
20Then Jeremiah said to all the people, #ch. 43:6men and women, all the people who had given him this answer: 21#ver. 17; [Ezek. 8:10, 11] “As for the offerings that you offered in the cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem, you and your fathers, your kings and your officials, and the people of the land, #[Ezek. 21:24]did not the Lord remember them? Did it not come into his mind? 22#ch. 5:9, 29 The Lord could no longer bear your evil deeds and #Ezek. 8:6 the abominations that you committed. #See ch. 7:34 Therefore your land has become #See ch. 18:16 a desolation and a waste and a curse, #See ch. 4:7without inhabitant, as it is this day. 23It is because you made offerings #See ch. 40:3 and because you sinned against the Lord and did not obey the voice of the Lord or walk in his law and in his statutes and in his testimonies #[Deut. 31:29]that this disaster has happened to you, as at this day.”
24Jeremiah said to all the people and all the women, “Hear the word of the Lord, #ver. 15; See ch. 43:5-7all you of Judah who are in the land of Egypt. 25Thus says the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel: #ver. 16 You and your wives have declared with your mouths, and have fulfilled it with your hands, saying, ‘We will surely perform our vows that we have made, #ver. 17to make offerings to the queen of heaven and to pour out drink offerings to her.’ Then confirm your vows and perform your vows! 26Therefore hear the word of the Lord, #[See ver. 24 above] all you of Judah who dwell in the land of Egypt: #See ch. 22:5 Behold, I have sworn by my great name, says the Lord, #[Ezek. 20:39] that my name shall no more be invoked by the mouth of any man of Judah in all the land of Egypt, #[ch. 4:2]saying, ‘As the Lord God lives.’ 27#ch. 31:28 Behold, I am watching over them for disaster and not for good. #ch. 42:16All the men of Judah who are in the land of Egypt shall be consumed by the sword and by famine, until there is an end of them. 28#[ver. 14; Isa. 27:13] And those who escape the sword shall return from the land of Egypt to the land of Judah, #Ezek. 6:8 few in number; and all the remnant of Judah, who came to the land of Egypt to live, #ver. 17, 25, 26shall know whose word will stand, mine or theirs. 29This shall be the sign to you, declares the Lord, that I will punish you in this place, in order that you may know that #Prov. 19:21my words will surely stand against you for harm: 30Thus says the Lord, Behold, I will give #ch. 46:17; See Ezek. 29:2-5; 30:21-24 Pharaoh Hophra king of Egypt into the hand of his enemies #ch. 46:26 and into the hand of those who seek his life, as I gave #[ch. 39:5]Zedekiah king of Judah into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, who was his enemy and sought his life.”
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