Hebrews 5
5
A High Priest Like Melchizedek
1 For every high priest taken from among men is appointed on behalf of people in the things relating to God, in order that he can offer both gifts and sacrifices on behalf of sins, 2being able to deal gently with those who are ignorant and led astray, since he himself also is surrounded by weakness, 3and because of it he is obligated to offer sacrifices for sins for himself also, as well as for the people#Literally “as for the people so also for himself”. 4And someone does not take for himself the honor, but is called by God, just as Aaron also was. 5Thus also Christ did not glorify himself to become high priest, but the one who said to him,
“You are my Son, today I have begotten you,”#A quotation from Ps 2:7
6just as also in another place he says,
“You are a priest forever#Literally “for the age” according to the order of Melchizedek,”#A quotation from Ps 110:4
7who in the days of his flesh offered up both prayers and supplications, with loud crying and tears, to the one who was able to save him from death, and he was heard as a result of his reverence. 8Although he was a son, he learned obedience from what he suffered, 9and being perfected, he became the source of eternal salvation to all those who obey him, 10being designated by God a high priest according to the order of Melchizedek.
Advanced Teaching Hindered by Immaturity
11Concerning this#Literally “which” we have much to say and it is difficult to explain#Literally “great for us the message and hard to explain to say”, since you have become sluggish in hearing. 12For indeed, although you#*Here “although” is supplied as a component of the participle (“ought”) which is understood as concessive ought to be teachers by this time#Literally “because of the time”, you have need of someone to teach you again the beginning elements of the oracles of God, and you have need of#Literally “you are having need of” milk, not#Some manuscripts have “and not” solid food. 13For everyone who partakes of milk is unacquainted with the message of righteousness, because he is an infant. 14But solid food is for the mature, who because of practice have trained their faculties for the distinguishing of both good and evil.
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Hebrews 5
5
1 For every high priest is taken from among the people#tn Grk “from among men,” but since the point in context is shared humanity (rather than shared maleness), the plural Greek term ἀνθρώπων (anqrwpwn) has been translated “people.” and appointed#tn Grk “who is taken from among people is appointed.” to represent them before God,#tn Grk “appointed on behalf of people in reference to things relating to God.” to offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins. 2 He is able to deal compassionately with those who are ignorant and erring, since he also is subject to weakness, 3 and for this reason he is obligated to make sin offerings for himself as well as for the people. 4 And no one assumes this honor#sn Honor refers here to the honor of the high priesthood. on his own initiative,#tn Grk “by himself, on his own.” but only when called to it by God,#tn Grk “being called by God.” as in fact Aaron was. 5 So also Christ did not glorify himself in becoming high priest, but the one who glorified him was God,#tn Grk “the one”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity. who said to him, “You are my Son! Today I have fathered you,”#tn Grk “I have begotten you”; see Heb 1:5.sn A quotation from Ps 2:7. 6 as also in another place God#tn Grk “he”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity. says, “You are a priest forever in the order of Melchizedek.”#sn A quotation from Ps 110:4. 7 During his earthly life#tn Grk “in the days of his flesh.” Christ#tn Grk “he”; the referent (Christ) has been specified in the translation for clarity. offered#tn Grk “who…having offered,” continuing the description of Christ from Heb 5:5-6. both requests and supplications, with loud cries and tears, to the one who was able to save him from death and he was heard because of his devotion. 8 Although he was a son, he learned obedience through the things he suffered.#sn There is a wordplay in the Greek text between the verbs “learned” (ἔμαθεν, emaqen) and “suffered” (ἔπαθεν, epaqen). 9 And by being perfected in this way, he became the source of eternal salvation to all who obey him, 10 and he was designated#tn Grk “having been designated,” continuing the thought of Heb 5:9. by God as high priest in the order of Melchizedek.#sn The phrase in the order of Melchizedek picks up the quotation from Ps 110:4 in Heb 5:6.
The Need to Move on to Maturity
11 On this topic we have much to say#tn Grk “concerning which the message for us is great.” and it is difficult to explain, since you have become sluggish#tn Or “dull.” in hearing. 12 For though you should in fact be teachers by this time,#tn Grk “because of the time.” you need someone to teach you the beginning elements of God’s utterances.#tn Grk “the elements of the beginning of the oracles of God.” You have gone back to needing#tn Grk “you have come to have a need for.” milk, not#tc ‡ Most texts, including some early and important ones (א2 A B* D Ψ 0122 0278 1881 Ï sy Cl), have καί (kai, “and”) immediately preceding οὐ (ou, “not”), but other equally significant witnesses (Ì46 א* B2 C 33 81 1739 lat Or Did) lack the conjunction. As it was a natural tendency for scribes to add a coordinating conjunction, the καί appears to be a motivated reading. On balance, it is probably best to regard the shorter reading as authentic. NA27 has καί in brackets, indicating doubts as to its authenticity. solid food. 13 For everyone who lives on milk is inexperienced in the message of righteousness, because he is an infant. 14 But solid food is for the mature, whose perceptions are trained by practice to discern both good and evil.
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