Exodus 34
34
Yahweh’s Description of Himself
1And Yahweh said to Moses, “Cut for yourself two stone tablets like the first ones, and I will write on the tablets the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke. 2And be ready for the morning, and go up in the morning to Mount Sinai and present yourself to me there on the top of the mountain. 3And no one will go up with you, and neither let anyone be seen on all the mountain, nor let the sheep and goats and the cattle graze opposite#Literally “to the front of” that mountain.”
4And Moses cut two stone tablets like the first ones, and he started early in the morning, and he went up to Mount Sinai, as Yahweh had commanded him, and he took in his hand the two stone tablets. 5And Yahweh descended in the cloud, and he stood with him there, and he proclaimed the name of Yahweh. 6And Yahweh passed over before him, and he proclaimed, “Yahweh, Yahweh, God, who is compassionate and gracious, slow to anger,#Literally “long of nose” and abounding with#Or “rich in” or “great of” loyal love and faithfulness, 7keeping loyal love to the thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin, and he does not leave utterly unpunished, punishing the guilt of fathers on sons and on sons of sons on third and fourth generations.”
8And Moses hurried and knelt down to the earth and worshiped. 9And he said, “Please, if I have found favor in your eyes, Lord, let my Lord, please, go among us—indeed it is a stiff-necked people—and forgive our iniquity and our sin and take us as your possession.”#Or “take possession of us,” “make us your inheritance”
Covenant Stipulations
10And he said, “Look, I am about to make a covenant. In front of all your people I will do wonders that have not been created on all the earth and among all the nations, and all the people among whom you are will see Yahweh’s work, because what I am about to do with you will be awesome.
11“Keep for yourself what I myself have commanded you today. Look, I am about to drive from before you the Amorites and the Canaanites#Hebrew “Canaanite” and the Hittites#Hebrew “Hittite” and the Perizzites#Hebrew “Perizzite” and the Hivites#Hebrew “Hivite” and the Jebusites.#Hebrew “Jebusite” 12Be careful for yourself, lest you make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land to which you are going, lest it be a snare among you. 13Rather, you will tear down their altars, and you will break their stone pillars, and you will cut off their Asherah poles. 14For you will not bow in worship to another god, for ‘Yahweh Is Jealous’ is his name, he is a jealous God, 15lest you make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, and they prostitute themselves after their gods, and they sacrifice to their gods, and they invite you, and you eat their sacrifice, 16and you take from their daughters for your sons, and their daughters prostitute themselves after their gods, and they cause your sons to prostitute themselves after their gods. 17You will not make gods of cast metal for yourself.
18“You will keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread. Seven days you will eat unleavened bread, which I commanded you, at the appointed time of the month of Abib, for in the month of Abib you came out from Egypt. 19Every first offspring of a womb is for me—all of your male livestock, the first offspring of cattle and small livestock. 20But the first offspring of a donkey you will redeem with small livestock, and if you will not redeem it, you will break its neck. Every firstborn of your sons you will redeem, and you will not appear before me empty-handed. 21Six days you will work, and on the seventh day you will rest; in the time of plowing and in the time of harvest you will rest. 22And you yourself#Literally “for yourself” or “as for you, you will observe” will observe the Feast of Weeks—the firstfruits of the wheat harvest—and the Feast of Harvest Gathering at the turn of the year. 23Three times in the year all your males will appear before the Lord, Yahweh, the God of Israel, 24because I will evict nations before you, and I will enlarge your territory, and no one will covet your land when you go up to appear before Yahweh your God three times in the year.
25“You will not slaughter the blood of my sacrifice on food with yeast, and the sacrifice of the Feast of the Passover will not stay overnight to the morning. 26The beginning of the firstfruits of your land you will bring to the house of Yahweh your God. You will not boil a young goat#Or “kid” in its mother’s milk.”
27And Yahweh said to Moses, “Write for yourself these words, because according to#Literally “on the mouth of” these words I have made a covenant with you and with Israel.”
The Shining Face of Moses
28And he was there with Yahweh forty days and forty nights. He ate no food and drank no water. And he wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant, the ten words. 29And#Literally “And it was” when Moses came down from Mount Sinai, the two tablets of the testimony were in the hand of Moses at his coming down from the mountain; and Moses did not know that the skin of his face shone because of his speaking with him. 30And Aaron and all the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” saw Moses, and, to their amazement,#Literally “look” or “behold” the skin of his face shone, and they were afraid of coming near to him. 31And Moses called to them, and Aaron and all the leaders of the community returned to him, and Moses spoke to them. 32And afterward all the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” came near, and he commanded them all that Yahweh had spoken with him on Mount Sinai. 33And Moses finished speaking with them, and he put a veil on his face. 34And when Moses came before Yahweh to speak with him, he would remove the veil until he went out, and he would go out and would speak to the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” what he had been commanded. 35And the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” would see the face of Moses, that the skin of the face of Moses shone, and Moses would put back the veil on his face until his coming to speak with him.
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Exodus 34: LEB
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Exodus 34
34
New Stone Tablets
1The Lord said to Moses, “Cut two stone tablets like the first ones, and I will write on them the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke. # Ex 32:19; 34:28; Dt 10:2,4 2Be prepared by morning. Come up Mount Sinai in the morning and stand before Me on the mountaintop. 3No one may go up with you; in fact, no one must be seen anywhere on the mountain. Even the flocks and herds are not to graze in front of that mountain.” # Ex 19:12-13,20-21
4Moses cut two stone tablets like the first ones. He got up early in the morning, and taking the two stone tablets in his hand, he climbed Mount Sinai, just as the Lord had commanded him.
5The Lord came down in a cloud, stood with him there, and proclaimed His name Yahweh. 6Then the Lord passed in front of him and proclaimed:
Yahweh — Yahweh is a compassionate and gracious God, slow to anger and rich in faithful love and truth, # Nm 14:18; Neh 9:17; Ps 86:15; 103:8; 108:4; Jl 2:13; Rm 2:4 7maintaining faithful love to a thousand generations, forgiving wrongdoing, rebellion, and sin. # Ex 20:6; Ps 103:3; 130:4; Dn 9:9; 1Jn 1:9 But He will not leave the guilty # Jos 24:19; Jb 10:14; Nah 1:3 unpunished, bringing the consequences of the fathers’ wrongdoing on the children and grandchildren to the third and fourth generation.
8Moses immediately bowed down to the ground and worshiped. 9Then he said, “My Lord, if I have indeed found favor in Your sight, my Lord, please go with us. Even though this is a stiff-necked people, forgive our wrongdoing and sin, and accept us as Your own possession.” # Ex 33:15-16; Ps 33:12; 94:14
Covenant Obligations
10And the Lord responded: “Look, I am making a covenant. I will perform wonders in the presence of all your people # Lit in all nations that have never been done # Lit created in all the earth or in any nation. All the people you live among will see the Lord’s work, for what I am doing with you is awe-inspiring. # Dt 4:32; 5:2; Ps 77:14; 145:6 11Observe what I command you today. I am going to drive out before you the Amorites, Canaanites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, # DSS, Sam, LXX add Girgashites and Jebusites. 12Be careful not to make a treaty with the inhabitants of the land that you are going to enter; otherwise, they will become a snare among you. # Ex 23:32-33; 33:2 13Instead, you must tear down their altars, smash their sacred pillars, and chop down their Asherah poles. # Ex 23:24; Dt 12:3; 2Kg 18:4; 2Ch 34:3-4 14You are never to bow down to another god because Yahweh, being jealous # Ex 20:3,5; Dt 4:24 by nature, # Lit Yahweh — His name is Jealous, or Yahweh is jealous for His name, He is a jealous God.
15“Do not make a treaty with the inhabitants of the land, or else when they prostitute themselves with their gods and sacrifice to their gods, they will invite you, and you will eat their sacrifices. # Nm 25:2; Jdg 2:17; 1Co 8:4,7,10 16Then you will take some of their daughters as brides for your sons. Their daughters will prostitute themselves with their gods and cause your sons to prostitute themselves with their gods. # Dt 7:3; 1Kg 11:2,4; Ezr 9:2; Neh 13:25
17“Do not make cast images # Ex 32:8; Lv 19:14 of gods for yourselves.
18“Observe the Festival of Unleavened Bread. You are to eat unleavened bread for seven days at the appointed time in the month of Abib # March–April; called Nisan in the post-exilic period; Neh 2:1; Est 3:7 as I commanded you. For you came out of Egypt in the month of Abib. # Ex 12:15; 13:4
19“The firstborn # Ex 13:2; 22:29 male from every womb belongs to Me, including all your male # LXX, Theod, Vg, Tg read males # Hb obscure livestock, the firstborn of cattle or sheep. 20You must redeem the firstborn of a donkey with a sheep, but if you do not redeem it, break its neck. # Ex 13:13,15; 23:15; Dt 16:16 You must redeem all the firstborn of your sons. No one is to appear before Me empty-handed.
21“You are to labor six days but you must rest # Ex 20:9; Lk 13:14 on the seventh day; you must even rest during plowing and harvesting times.
22“Observe the Festival of Weeks with the firstfruits of the wheat harvest, and the Festival of Ingathering # The Festival of Ingathering is called Festival of Booths elsewhere; Lv 23:34-36. at the turn of the agricultural year. 23Three times a year # Ex 23:14 all your males are to appear before the Lord God, the God of Israel. 24For I will drive out nations # Ex 33:2; Ps 78:55 before you and enlarge your territory. # Dt 12:20; 19:8 No one will covet your land when you go up three times a year to appear before the Lord your God.
25“Do not present # Lit slaughter the blood for My sacrifice with anything leavened. The sacrifice of the Passover Festival must not remain until morning. # Ex 12:10; 23:18
26“Bring the best firstfruits # Ex 23:19; Dt 26:2 of your land to the house of the Lord your God.
“You must not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk.”
27The Lord also said to Moses, “Write # Ex 17:14; 24:4 down these words, for I have made a covenant with you and with Israel based on these words.”
28Moses was there with the Lord 40 days and 40 nights; he did not eat bread or drink water. He wrote the Ten Commandments, # Ex 24:18; 31:18; Dt 4:13; 10:2,4 the words of the covenant, on the tablets.
Moses’ Radiant Face
29As Moses descended from Mount Sinai — with the two tablets of the testimony in his hands as he descended the mountain — he did not realize that the skin of his face shone as a result of his speaking with the Lord. # Lit with Him # Ex 32:15 30When Aaron and all the Israelites saw Moses, the skin of his face shone! # Ps 34:5; Mt 17:2; 2Co 3:7,13 They were afraid to come near him. 31But Moses called out to them, so Aaron and all the leaders of the community returned to him, and Moses spoke to them. 32Afterward all the Israelites came near, and he commanded them to do everything the Lord had told him on Mount Sinai. 33When Moses had finished speaking with them, he put a veil over his face. 34But whenever Moses went before the Lord to speak with Him, he would remove the veil until he came out. After he came out, he would tell the Israelites what he had been commanded, # Ex 24:3; 2Co 3:13-16 35and the Israelites would see that Moses’ face # Lit see Moses’ face, that the skin of his face was radiant. Then Moses would put the veil over his face again until he went to speak with the Lord.
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