Exodus 34
34
Yahweh’s Description of Himself
1And Yahweh said to Moses, “Cut for yourself two stone tablets like the first ones, and I will write on the tablets the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke. 2And be ready for the morning, and go up in the morning to Mount Sinai and present yourself to me there on the top of the mountain. 3And no one will go up with you, and neither let anyone be seen on all the mountain, nor let the sheep and goats and the cattle graze opposite#Literally “to the front of” that mountain.”
4And Moses cut two stone tablets like the first ones, and he started early in the morning, and he went up to Mount Sinai, as Yahweh had commanded him, and he took in his hand the two stone tablets. 5And Yahweh descended in the cloud, and he stood with him there, and he proclaimed the name of Yahweh. 6And Yahweh passed over before him, and he proclaimed, “Yahweh, Yahweh, God, who is compassionate and gracious, slow to anger,#Literally “long of nose” and abounding with#Or “rich in” or “great of” loyal love and faithfulness, 7keeping loyal love to the thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin, and he does not leave utterly unpunished, punishing the guilt of fathers on sons and on sons of sons on third and fourth generations.”
8And Moses hurried and knelt down to the earth and worshiped. 9And he said, “Please, if I have found favor in your eyes, Lord, let my Lord, please, go among us—indeed it is a stiff-necked people—and forgive our iniquity and our sin and take us as your possession.”#Or “take possession of us,” “make us your inheritance”
Covenant Stipulations
10And he said, “Look, I am about to make a covenant. In front of all your people I will do wonders that have not been created on all the earth and among all the nations, and all the people among whom you are will see Yahweh’s work, because what I am about to do with you will be awesome.
11“Keep for yourself what I myself have commanded you today. Look, I am about to drive from before you the Amorites and the Canaanites#Hebrew “Canaanite” and the Hittites#Hebrew “Hittite” and the Perizzites#Hebrew “Perizzite” and the Hivites#Hebrew “Hivite” and the Jebusites.#Hebrew “Jebusite” 12Be careful for yourself, lest you make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land to which you are going, lest it be a snare among you. 13Rather, you will tear down their altars, and you will break their stone pillars, and you will cut off their Asherah poles. 14For you will not bow in worship to another god, for ‘Yahweh Is Jealous’ is his name, he is a jealous God, 15lest you make a covenant with the inhabitants of the land, and they prostitute themselves after their gods, and they sacrifice to their gods, and they invite you, and you eat their sacrifice, 16and you take from their daughters for your sons, and their daughters prostitute themselves after their gods, and they cause your sons to prostitute themselves after their gods. 17You will not make gods of cast metal for yourself.
18“You will keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread. Seven days you will eat unleavened bread, which I commanded you, at the appointed time of the month of Abib, for in the month of Abib you came out from Egypt. 19Every first offspring of a womb is for me—all of your male livestock, the first offspring of cattle and small livestock. 20But the first offspring of a donkey you will redeem with small livestock, and if you will not redeem it, you will break its neck. Every firstborn of your sons you will redeem, and you will not appear before me empty-handed. 21Six days you will work, and on the seventh day you will rest; in the time of plowing and in the time of harvest you will rest. 22And you yourself#Literally “for yourself” or “as for you, you will observe” will observe the Feast of Weeks—the firstfruits of the wheat harvest—and the Feast of Harvest Gathering at the turn of the year. 23Three times in the year all your males will appear before the Lord, Yahweh, the God of Israel, 24because I will evict nations before you, and I will enlarge your territory, and no one will covet your land when you go up to appear before Yahweh your God three times in the year.
25“You will not slaughter the blood of my sacrifice on food with yeast, and the sacrifice of the Feast of the Passover will not stay overnight to the morning. 26The beginning of the firstfruits of your land you will bring to the house of Yahweh your God. You will not boil a young goat#Or “kid” in its mother’s milk.”
27And Yahweh said to Moses, “Write for yourself these words, because according to#Literally “on the mouth of” these words I have made a covenant with you and with Israel.”
The Shining Face of Moses
28And he was there with Yahweh forty days and forty nights. He ate no food and drank no water. And he wrote on the tablets the words of the covenant, the ten words. 29And#Literally “And it was” when Moses came down from Mount Sinai, the two tablets of the testimony were in the hand of Moses at his coming down from the mountain; and Moses did not know that the skin of his face shone because of his speaking with him. 30And Aaron and all the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” saw Moses, and, to their amazement,#Literally “look” or “behold” the skin of his face shone, and they were afraid of coming near to him. 31And Moses called to them, and Aaron and all the leaders of the community returned to him, and Moses spoke to them. 32And afterward all the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” came near, and he commanded them all that Yahweh had spoken with him on Mount Sinai. 33And Moses finished speaking with them, and he put a veil on his face. 34And when Moses came before Yahweh to speak with him, he would remove the veil until he went out, and he would go out and would speak to the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” what he had been commanded. 35And the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” would see the face of Moses, that the skin of the face of Moses shone, and Moses would put back the veil on his face until his coming to speak with him.
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Exodus 34: LEB
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Exodus 34
34
The Second Set of Commandments
(Deuteronomy 10.1-5)
1One day the Lord said to Moses, “Cut two flat stones like the first ones I made, and I will write on them the same commandments that were on the two you broke. 2Be ready tomorrow morning to come up Mount Sinai and meet me at the top. 3No one is to come with you or to be on the mountain at all. Don't even let the sheep and cattle graze at the foot of the mountain.” 4So Moses cut two flat stones like the first ones, and early the next morning he carried them to the top of Mount Sinai, just as the Lord had commanded.
5The Lord God came down in a cloud and stood beside Moses there on the mountain. God spoke his holy name, “the Lord.”#34.5 the Lord: See the note at 3.14,15. 6#Ex 20.5,6; Nu 14.18; Dt 5.9,10; 7.9,10. Then he passed in front of Moses and called out, “I am the Lord God. I am merciful and very patient with my people. I show great love, and I can be trusted. 7I keep my promises to my people forever, but I also punish anyone who sins. When people sin, I punish them and their children, and also their grandchildren and great-grandchildren.”
8Moses quickly bowed down to the ground and worshiped the Lord. 9He prayed, “Lord, if you really are pleased with me, I pray that you will go with us. It is true that these people are sinful and rebellious, but forgive our sin and let us be your people.”
A Promise and Its Demands
(Exodus 23.14-19; Deuteronomy 7.1-5; 16.1-17)
10The Lord said:
I promise to perform miracles for you that have never been seen anywhere on earth. Neighboring nations will stand in fear and know that I was the one who did these marvelous things. 11I will force out the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, but you must do what I command you today. 12Don't make treaties with any of those people. If you do, it will be like falling into a trap. 13#Dt 16.21. Instead, you must destroy their altars and tear down the sacred poles#34.13 sacred poles: Or “trees,” used as symbols of Asherah, the goddess of fertility. they use in the worship of the goddess Asherah. 14I demand your complete loyalty—you must not worship any other god! 15Don't make treaties with the people there, or you will soon find yourselves worshiping their gods and taking part in their sacrificial meals. 16Your men will even marry their women and be influenced to worship their gods.
17 #
Ex 20.4; Lv 19.4; Dt 5.8; 27.14-26. Don't make metal images of gods.
18 #
Ex 12.14-20; Lv 23.6-8; Nu 28.16-25. Don't fail to observe the Festival of Thin Bread in the month of Abib.#34.18 Abib: See the note at 12.2. Obey me and eat bread without yeast for seven days during Abib, because that is the month you left Egypt.
19 #
Ex 13.2. The first-born males of your families and of your flocks and herds belong to me.
20 #
Ex 13.13. You can save the life of a first-born donkey#34.20 donkey: See the note at 13.13. by sacrificing a lamb; if you don't, you must break the donkey's neck. You must save every first-born son.
Bring an offering every time you come to worship.
21 #
Ex 20.9,10; 23.12; 31.14,15; 35.2; Lv 23.3; Dt 5.13,14. Work for six days and rest on the seventh day, even during the seasons for plowing and harvesting. 22#Lv 23.15-21; Nu 28.26-31; Lv 23.39-43. Celebrate the Harvest Festival#34.22 Harvest Festival: See the note at 23.16. each spring when you start harvesting your wheat, and celebrate the Festival of Shelters#34.22 Festival of Shelters: See the note at 23.16. each autumn when you pick your fruit.
23Your men must come to worship me three times a year, because I am the Lord God of Israel. 24As you advance, I will force the nations out of your land and enlarge your borders. Then no one will try to take your property when you come to worship me these three times each year.
25 #
Ex 12.10. When you sacrifice an animal on the altar, don't offer bread made with yeast. And don't save any part of the Passover meal for the next day.
26 #
Dt 26.2;
Dt 14.21. I am the Lord your God, and you must bring the first part of your harvest to the place of worship.
Don't boil a young goat in its mother's milk.
27The Lord told Moses to put these laws in writing, as part of his agreement with Israel. 28Moses stayed on the mountain with the Lord for 40 days and nights, without eating or drinking. And he wrote down the Ten Commandments, the most important part of God's agreement with his people.
Moses Comes Down from Mount Sinai
29 #
2 Co 3.7-16. Moses came down from Mount Sinai, carrying the Ten Commandments. His face was shining brightly because the Lord had been speaking to him. But Moses did not know at first that his face was shining. 30When Aaron and the others looked at Moses, they saw this, and they were afraid to go near him. 31Moses called out for Aaron and the leaders to come to him, and he spoke with them. 32Then the rest of the people of Israel gathered around Moses, and he gave them the laws that the Lord had given him on Mount Sinai.
33The face of Moses kept shining, and after he had spoken with the people, he covered his face with a veil. 34Moses would always remove the veil when he went into the sacred tent to speak with the Lord. And when he came out, he would tell the people everything the Lord had told him to say. 35They could see that his face was still shining. So after he had spoken with them, he would put the veil back on and leave it on until the next time he went to speak with the Lord.
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