Romans 9
9
Israel’s Rejection of Christ
1I speak the truth in Christ # Rm 1:9; 2Co 11:10; Gl 1:20; 1Tm 2:7 — I am not lying; my conscience is testifying to me with the Holy Spirit # Or testifying with me by the Holy Spirit — 2that I have intense sorrow and continual anguish in my heart. 3For I could almost wish # Ex 32:32 to be cursed # 1Co 12:3; 16:22; Gl 1:8,9 and cut off # Lit were anathema from the Messiah for the benefit of my brothers, my own flesh and blood. 4They are Israelites, # Rm 8:6 and to them belong the adoption, # Ex 4:22; Rm 8:15 the glory, # Ex 40:34; 1Kg 8:11; Ezk 1:28; Heb 9:5 the covenants, # Gn 17:2; Dt 29:14; Lk 1:72; Ac 3:25; Eph 2:12 the giving of the law, # Dt 4:13-14; Ps 147:19 the temple service, # Dt 7:6; 14:1; Heb 9:1,6 and the promises. # Ac 2:39; 13:32; Eph 2:12 5The ancestors are theirs, # Ac 3:13; Rm 11:28 and from them, by physical descent, # Lit them, according to the flesh came the Messiah, # Mt 1:1-16; Rm 1:3 who is God # Jn 1:1; Col 2:9 over all, # Col 1:16-19 praised forever. # Or the Messiah, the One who is over all, the God who is blessed forever, or Messiah. God, who is over all, be blessed forever # Rm 1:25 Amen.
God’s Gracious Election of Israel
6But it is not as though the word of God has failed. # Nm 23:19 For not all who are descended from Israel are Israel. # Jn 1:47; Rm 2:28-29; Gl 6:16 7Neither are they all children because they are Abraham’s descendants. # Lit seed # Jn 8:33,39; Gl 4:23 On the contrary, your offspring will be traced # Lit called through Isaac. # Gn 21:12; Heb 11:18 # Gn 21:12 8That is, it is not the children by physical descent # Lit children of the flesh who are God’s children, # Rm 8:14 but the children of the promise # Rm 4:13,16; Gl 3:29; 4:28; Heb 11:11 are considered to be the offspring. 9For this is the statement of the promise: At this time I will come, and Sarah will have a son. # Gn 18:10,14 # Gn 18:10,14 10And not only that, # Rm 5:3 but also Rebekah received a promise when she became pregnant # Or Rebekah conceived by the one act of sexual intercourse # Gn 25:21 by one man, our ancestor Isaac. 11For though her sons had not been born yet or done anything good or bad, so that God’s purpose according to election might stand — # Rm 4:17; 8:28 12not from works but from the One who calls — she was told: The older will serve the younger. # Gn 25:23 # Gn 25:23 13As it is written: I have loved Jacob, but I have hated Esau. # Mal 1:2-3 # Mal 1:2-3
God’s Selection Is Just
14What should we say then? # Rm 3:5 Is there injustice with God? # 2Ch 19:7; Rm 2:11 Absolutely not! # Lk 20:16 15For He tells Moses:
I will show mercy
to whom I will show mercy,
and I will have compassion
on whom I will have compassion. # Ex 33:19 # Ex 33:19
16So then it does not depend on human will or effort # Or on the one running; lit on the one willing # Gl 2:2 but on God who shows mercy. # Eph 2:8 17For the Scripture tells Pharaoh:
I raised you up for this reason
so that I may display My power in you
and that My name may be proclaimed in all the earth. # Ex 9:16 # Ex 9:16
18So then, He shows mercy to those He wants to, and He hardens those He wants to harden. # Ex 4:21; 7:3; 9:12; 10:20,27; 11:10; 14:4,7; Dt 2:30; Jos 11:20; Jn 12:40; Rm 11:7,25
19You will say to me, # Rm 11:19; 1Co 15:25; Jms 2:18 therefore, “Why then does He still find fault? # Rm 3:7 For who can resist His will? ” # 2Ch 20:6; Jb 9:12; Dn 4:35 20But who are you, a mere man, to talk back to God? # Jb 33:13 Will what is formed say to the one who formed it, “Why did you make me like this? ” # Is 29:16; 45:9; 64:8; Jr 18:6; 2Tm 2:20 21Or has the potter no right over the clay, # Is 64:8; Jr 18:6 to make from the same lump one piece of pottery for honor and another for dishonor? 22And what if God, desiring to display His wrath and to make His power known, endured with much patience # Rm 2:4 objects of wrath ready for destruction? # Pr 16:4; 1Pt 2:8 23And what if He did this to make known the riches of His glory # Rm 2:4; Eph 3:16 on objects of mercy # Ac 9:15 that He prepared beforehand for glory # Rm 8:29 — 24on us, the ones He also called, # Rm 8:28 not only from the Jews but also from the Gentiles? # Rm 3:29 25As He also says in Hosea:
I will call Not My People, My People,
and she who is Unloved, Beloved. # Hs 2:23; 1Pt 2:10 # Hs 2:23
26And it will be in the place where they were told,
you are not My people,
there they will be called sons of the living God. # Hs 1:10; Mt 16:16 # Hs 1:10
27But Isaiah cries out concerning Israel:
Though the number of Israel’s sons
is like the sand of the sea, # Gn 22:17
only the remnant will be saved; # Rm 11:5
28for the Lord will execute His sentence
completely and decisively on the earth. # Or land # Is 10:22-23; 28:22 # Is 10:22-23; 28:22; Hs 1:10
29And just as Isaiah predicted:
If the Lord of Hosts # Gk Sabaoth ; this word is a transliteration of the Hb word for Hosts, or Armies. had not left us offspring, # Jms 5:4
we would have become like Sodom,
and we would have been made like Gomorrah. # Dt 29:23; Is 1:9; 13:19; Jr 49:18; 50:40; Am 4:11 # Is 1:9
Israel’s Present State
30What should we say then? # Rm 9:14 Gentiles, who did not pursue righteousness, have obtained righteousness — namely the righteousness that comes from faith. # Rm 1:17; 3:21; 10:6; Gl 2:16; 3:24; Php 3:9; Heb 11:7 31But Israel, pursuing the law for righteousness, # Is 51:1; Rm 10:2,20; 11:7 has not achieved the righteousness of the law. # Other mss read the law for righteousness # Gl 5:4 32Why is that? Because they did not pursue it by faith, but as if it were by works. # Other mss add of the law They stumbled over the stumbling stone. # 1Pt 2:6,8 33As it is written:
Look! I am putting a stone in Zion to stumble over
and a rock to trip over,
yet the one who believes on Him # Rm 10:11
will not be put to shame. # Is 8:14; 28:16; Rm 5:5 # Is 8:14; 28:16
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Romans 9: HCSB
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Romans 9
9
1I speak HaEmes in Moshiach, I do not speak sheker, my matzpun (conscience) bearing me eidus (witness) in the Ruach HaKodesh,
2That there is great agmat nefesh to me and unceasing anguish in my heart.
3For I could wish that my neshamah be put under cherem (ban of destruction), under Churban, and Onesh Gehinnom, cut off from Moshiach for the sake of my achim, my own kinsmen, my people and flesh and blood relatives,
4In as much as they are Bnei Yisroel: theirs is the Mishpat HaBanim Adoption, the Ma'amad HaBanim Standing as Sons, and the Kavod (glory) and the Shechinah (glorious presence of G-d) and the Beritot (covenants), the Matan Torah, the Avodas Kodesh (worship) and the Havtachot (promises);
5Theirs are the Avot (the Patriarchs), and from them came, in so far as his humanity is concerned, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, al hakol hu HaElohim mam'vorach l'Olam va'ed. Omein.
6But it is not as though the Dvar Hashem has failed. For not all those descended from Yisroel are truly redeemed Yisroel [of the eschatological Geulah Redemption].
7Nor is it as though all the banim of K'lal Yisroel are the ZERA of Avraham Avinu, but [as it is written], BEYITZCHAK YIKARE L'CHA ZERA (In Yitzchak shall your seed be called, named, summoned).#9:7 Gn 21:12
8That is, it is not the Bnei habasar (old humanity without hitkhadshut) who are the Bnei HaElohim (children of G-d) but the Bnei HaHavtachah (children of the promise) who are reckoned as ZERA (seed, children, including the right of the heir in relation to the father).
9For this word is one of havtachah (promise): KA'ET SHOV ASHUV UL'SARAH BEN (About this time I will come and Sarah shall have a son).#9:9 Gn 18:10,14
10Not only so, but also in the case of Rivkah (Isaacʼs wife) who conceived by the one act of sexual intercourse with Yitzchak Avinu.
11For when they were not yet born nor had they done any mitzvah or averah, in order that the etzah (wisdom) of the tochnit Hashem (purposeful and willed plan of G-d)#9:11 Ro 8:28 should stand in terms of bechirah (divine election, selection, choosing),
12Not from#9:12 zokheh-earning mitzvos but from the One who makes the kri'ah (divine summons),#9:12 Ro 8:30 it was said to her, RAV YA'AVOD TZA'IR (the elder will serve the younger),#9:12 Gn 25:23
13As it is written, VA'OHAV ES YA'AKOV V'ES ESAV SANEITI (Ya'akov have I loved, but Esau have I hated).#9:13 Mal 1:2-3
14What then shall we say? There is no avla (injustice) with G-d, is there? Chas v'shalom!
15For to Moshe Rabbeinu Hashem says, V'CHANNOTI ES ASHER ACHON V'RICHAMETTI ES ASHER ARACHEM (I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion).#9:15 Ex 33:19
16So then, it is not a matter of the one who wills or the one who runs. It is a matter of the YAD HASHEM HACHANINAH (the hand of the G-d of gracious, free mercy).
17For the Kitvei Hakodesh says to Pharaoh, BA'AVUR ZOT HE'EMADTICHA BA'AVUR HAROTECHA ES KOCHI ULEMA'AN SAPER SHMI BECHOL HA'ARETZ (For this purpose I raised you up, in order that I might demonstrate in you my power and in order that my Name might be proclaimed in all the earth).#9:17 Ex 9:16
18So then, to whom Hashem wills Hashem shows chaninah (mercy, free grace), but whom Hashem wills he hardens.#9:18 that is, makes unresponsive or more mired down in KESHI (stubbornness, hardness); Dt 9:27
19You will say to me, Then why does Hashem still find fault? For who has resisted His will?
20On the contrary, who are you, a human being, to answer back to G-d? VEYETZER AMAR LEYOTZRO (Can the pot say to the potter),#9:20 Isa 29:16 Why have you made me thus?
21Or does the potter not have the right over the clay#9:21 Jer 18:6 to make from the same lump one vessel for honorable use and another for dishonorable use?
22But what if naniach (supposing) Hashem, willing to demonstrate His Charon Af Hashem (burning anger of G-d) and to make known His ko'ach (power),#9:22 1:16,18 put up with and endured with savlanut (patience) vessels which are objects of G-dʼs Charon Af (burning anger), objects made ready for Churban,#9:22 Ro 9:3
23And in order that He might make known the wealth of His kavod (glory) on vessels which are objects of Hashemʼs chaninah (mercy, free grace) which He prepared beforehand for kavod?#9:23 Ro 8:29-30
24By which I mean us, whom also He called, not only from the Yehudim but also from the non-Jews,
25As it says in Hoshea, V'AMARTI L'LO AMMI AMI ATAH (And I will call the “not my people” my people),#9:25 Hos 2:23 [2:25] and the “not loved” loved;
26And it shall be in the place where it was said to them, “You are not my people,” there they shall be called Bnei EL CHAI#9:26 Hos 2:1 (sons of the living G-d).
27Yeshayah proclaims concerning Yisroel, Even if the number of the Bnei Yisroel are as the sand of the sea, only the She'erit (Remnant) will return (be saved),
28For Hashem will complete and cut short and will perform His Word on the earth.#9:28 Isa 10:22-23
29And as Yeshayah said beforehand, Except Adonoi Tz'vaot had left us SARID KIM'AT#9:29 Ro 9:7 (some survivors), we would have become like S'dom and we would have been the same as Amora.#9:29 Isa 1:9
30What then shall we say? That Goyim who do not pursue Tzidkot (righteousness) have attained Tzidkot which is Tzidkot through emunah,
31Whereas Yisroel pursuing a#9:31 supposed zokheh-earning Tzidkat Torah did not arrive at that Torah?
32Why so? Because it was not on the mekor (basis) of emunah but on the mekor (basis) of#9:32 zokheh-earning ma'asim#9:32 Ro 3:20,28; 4:2,6; 9:11-12 (works). They have stumbled over the EVEN NEGEF (Stone of Stumbling),
33As it is written, Hinei, I place in Tziyon a stone of stumbling and a rock of offense; and he who believes in Me shall not be put to shame.#9:32-33 Isa 8:14; 28:16
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