Hebrews 9
9
Old Covenant Ministry
1Now the first covenant also had regulations for ministry and an earthly sanctuary. 2For a tabernacle was set up, and in the first room, which is called the holy place, were the lampstand, the table, and the presentation loaves. # Ex 25:8-9,23-39; 26:1; Lv 24:5-8 3Behind the second curtain, the tabernacle was called the most holy place. # Ex 26:31-33; 40:3 4It contained the gold altar of incense and the ark of the covenant, covered with gold on all sides, in which there was a gold jar containing the manna, Aaron’s staff that budded, and the tablets of the covenant. # Ex 16:33; 25:10,16; 30:1-5; Nm 17:10; Dt 10:2 5The cherubim of glory were above it overshadowing the mercy seat. It is not possible to speak about these things in detail right now. # Ex 25:18-19; Lv 16:2
6With these things set up this way, the priests enter the first room repeatedly, performing their ministry. # Nm 28:3 7But the high priest alone enters the second room, and he does that only once a year, and never without blood, which he offers for himself and for the sins of the people committed in ignorance. # Ex 30:10; Lv 16:15,34; Heb 5:3 8The Holy Spirit was making it clear that the way into the most holy place had not yet been disclosed while the first tabernacle was still standing. # Jn 14:6; Heb 10:19-20 9This is a symbol for the present time, during which gifts and sacrifices are offered that cannot perfect the worshiper’s conscience. # Heb 5:1; 7:19 10They are physical regulations and only deal with food, drink, and various washings imposed until the time of restoration. # Lv 11:2-3; Col 2:16
New Covenant Ministry
11But the Messiah has appeared, high priest of the good things that have come. # Other mss read that are to come In the greater and more perfect tabernacle not made with hands (that is, not of this creation # Heb 2:17; 8:2; 10:1), 12He entered the most holy place once for all, not by the blood of goats and calves, but by His own blood, having obtained eternal redemption. # Dn 9:24; Heb 7:27; 10:4 13For if the blood of goats and bulls and the ashes of a young cow, sprinkling those who are defiled, sanctify for the purification of the flesh, # Lv 16:14-15; Nm 19:2,9,17-18 14how much more will the blood of the Messiah, who through the eternal Spirit # 1Pt 3:18; 1Jn 1:7 offered Himself without blemish to God, cleanse our # Other mss read your consciences from dead works to serve the living God? # Ti 2:14; Heb 6:1; 10:2,22
15Therefore, He is the mediator # 1Tm 2:5; Heb 8:6; 12:24 of a new covenant, # The Gk word used here and in vv. 15-18 can be translated covenant, will, or testament. # Jr 31:31-34; 1Co 11:25; 2Co 3:6; Heb 7:22; 8:8; 13:20 so that those who are called might receive the promise # Gn 12:7; Rm 8:28; Gl 3:19; Heb 4:1 of the eternal inheritance, because a death has taken place for redemption from the transgressions committed under the first covenant. # Rm 3:25; 5:6 16Where a will exists, the death of the one who made it must be established. 17For a will is valid only when people die, since it is never in force while the one who made it is living. 18That is why even the first covenant was inaugurated with blood. 19For when every command had been proclaimed by Moses to all the people according to the law, he took the blood of calves and goats, along with water, scarlet wool, and hyssop, and sprinkled the scroll itself and all the people, # Ex 24:6-8; Lv 14:4-6 20saying, This is the blood of the covenant that God has commanded for you. # Ex 24:8; Mt 26:28 # Ex 24:8 21In the same way, he sprinkled the tabernacle and all the articles of worship with blood. # Ex 29:12; Lv 8:15 22According to the law almost everything is purified with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness. # Lv 17:11
23Therefore it was necessary for the copies of the things in the heavens to be purified with these sacrifices, but the heavenly things themselves to be purified with better sacrifices than these. # Heb 8:5 24For the Messiah did not enter a sanctuary made with hands (only a model # Or antitype, or figure of the true one) but into heaven itself, so that He might now appear in the presence of God for us. # Rm 8:34; Heb 7:25; 8:2 25He did not do this to offer Himself many times, as the high priest enters the sanctuary yearly with the blood of another. # Heb 9:7; 10:19 26Otherwise, He would have had to suffer many times since the foundation of the world. But now He has appeared one time, at the end of the ages, # Mt 24:3; 28:20; 1Co 10:11 for the removal of sin by the sacrifice of Himself. # Heb 4:3; 7:27 27And just as it is appointed for people to die once — and after this, judgment # Gn 3:19; 2Co 5:10 — 28so also the Messiah, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, # Is 53:12; 1Pt 2:24 will appear a second time, # Mk 8:38; 1Th 4:16 not to bear sin, but # Lit time, apart from sin, to bring salvation to those who are waiting for Him. # Mt 26:28; 1Co 1:7; Ti 2:13
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Hebrews 9
9
The Old Pattern of Worship
1Now in the first covenant there were specific rules for worship including a sanctuary on earth to worship in. 2When you entered the tabernacle you would first come into the holy chamber where you would find the lampstand # 9:2 See Ex. 25:31–40; Lev. 24:1–4. and the bread of his presence on the fellowship table. # 9:2 See Ex. 25:23–30; 39:36. This fellowship table had twelve loaves of sacred bread. See also Lev. 24:5–9. 3Then as you pass through the next curtain # 9:3 See Ex. 26:31–35. you would enter the innermost chamber called, the holiest sanctuary of all. # 9:3 Or “holy of holies,” that is, the holiest place of all. 4It contained the golden altar of incense and the ark of covenant mercy, which was a wooden box covered entirely with gold. And placed inside the ark of covenant mercy was the golden jar with mystery-manna inside, # 9:4 The Hebrew word for “manna,” the wilderness bread, means “mystery” or “What is it?” Aaron’s resurrection rod, which had sprouted, and the stone tablets engraved with the covenant laws. 5On top of the lid of the ark were two cherubim, angels of splendor, with outstretched wings overshadowing the throne of mercy. # 9:5 Or “the place of atonement.” See Ex. 25:18–22. But now is not the time to discuss further the significant details of these things.
6So with this prescribed pattern of worship the priests would routinely go in and out of the first chamber to perform their religious duties. 7And the high priest was permitted to enter into the Holiest Sanctuary of All only once a year and he could never enter without first offering sacrificial blood for both his own sins and for the sins of the people.
8Now the Holy Spirit uses the symbols of this pattern of worship to reveal that the perfect way of holiness # 9:8 As translated from the Aramaic. The Greek is “the way into the Holy Place.” had not yet been unveiled. For as long as the tabernacle stood 9it was an illustration # 9:9 The Aramaic can be translated “mystery.” that pointed to our present time of fulfillment, demonstrating that offerings and animal sacrifices had failed to perfectly cleanse the conscience of the worshiper. 10For this old pattern of worship was a matter of external rules and rituals concerning food and drink and ceremonial washings which was imposed upon us until the appointed time of heart-restoration had arrived. # 9:10 The Greek word diothosis is used only here in the New Testament. It means “to set things right,” or “to snap a broken bone back into place,” by implication restoration.
The Heavenly Pattern of Worship
11But now the Anointed One has become the King-Priest of every wonderful thing that has come. # 9:11 The Aramaic can be translated “the good things that he did.” Some Greek manuscripts have “good things that are coming.” For he serves in a greater, more perfect heavenly tabernacle not made by men, that is to say, not a part of this creation. 12And he has entered once and forever into the Holiest Sanctuary of All, not with the blood of animal sacrifices, but the sacred blood of his own sacrifice. And he alone has made our salvation # 9:12 Or “He has paid the ransom [redemption] forever.” secure forever!
13Under the old covenant the blood of bulls, goats, and the ashes of a heifer were sprinkled on those who were defiled and effectively cleansed them outwardly from their ceremonial impurities. 14Yet how much more will the sacred blood of the Messiah thoroughly cleanse our consciences! For by the power of the eternal Spirit he has offered himself to God as the perfect # 9:14 Or “unblemished.” Sacrifice that now frees # 9:14 Or “purifies.” us from our dead works # 9:14 Or “what we did when we were corpses.” to worship and serve the living God.
15So Jesus is the One who has enacted a new covenant with a new relationship with God so that those who accept the invitation # 9:15 Or “those who are called.” will receive the eternal inheritance he has promised to his heirs. For he died to release us from the guilt of the violations committed under the first covenant.
16-17Now a person’s last will and testament can only take effect after one has been proven to have died; otherwise the will cannot be in force while the person who made it is still alive. 18So this is why not even the first covenant was inaugurated without the blood of animals. 19For Moses ratified the covenant after he gave the people all the commandments of the law. He took the blood of calves and goats, with water, scarlet wool, and a hyssop branch, and sprinkled both the people and the book of the covenant, # 9:19 See Ex. 24:3, 7. 20saying,
“This is the blood of the covenant that God commands you to keep.” # 9:20 See Ex. 24:8. The blood of Jesus gave birth to the new covenant for the forgiveness of sins. See Matt. 26:28.
21And later Moses also sprinkled the tabernacle with blood and every utensil and item used in their service of worship. 22Actually, nearly everything under the law was purified with blood, since forgiveness only comes through an outpouring of blood.
23And so it was necessary for all the earthly symbols # 9:23 Or “outlines” or “sketches.” of the heavenly realities to be purified with these animal sacrifices, but the heavenly things themselves required a superior sacrifice than these. 24For the Messiah did not enter into the earthly tabernacle made by men, which was but an echo of the true sanctuary, but he entered into heaven itself to appear before the face # 9:24 As translated from the Aramaic (Hebrew), which has no word equivalent for “presence,” only “face.” To come into God’s presence meant that you come before his face. of God in our place. 25Under the old system year after year the high priest entered the most holy sanctuary with blood that was not his own. But the Messiah did not need to repeatedly offer himself year after year, 26for that would mean he must suffer repeatedly ever since the fall of the world. # 9:26 Or “from the foundation of the world.” The Greek word katabole can also mean “laying down” or “falling down” (of the world through sin), which by implication means Adam’s sin. But now he has appeared at the fulfillment of the ages to abolish # 9:26 The Aramaic can be translated “annihilate sin.” sin once and for all by the sacrifice of himself!
27Every human being is appointed to die once, and then to face God’s judgment. # 9:27 The Greek is literally “a court trial.” 28But when we die we will be face-to-face with Christ, the One who experienced death once for all to bear the sins of many! # 9:28 The Aramaic can be translated “to burn away [obliterate] the sins of many.” See Isa. 53:12. And now to those who eagerly await him, he will appear a second time; not to deal with sin, but to bring us the fullness of salvation. # 9:28 There is a salvation that is yet to be unveiled. See 1 Peter 1:5.
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