Ezekiel 18
18
Personal Responsibility for Sin
1The word of the Lord came to me: 2“What do you mean by using this proverb concerning the land of Israel:
The fathers eat sour grapes, # Lm 5:7
and the children’s teeth are set on edge? # Jr 31:29
3As I live” — this is the declaration of the Lord God — “you will no longer use this proverb in Israel. # Ezk 12:23 4Look, every life belongs to Me. # Nm 16:22; 27:16 The life of the father is like the life of the son — both belong to Me. The person who sins is the one who will die. # Dt 24:16; Ezk 18:20; Rm 6:23
5“Now suppose a man is righteous and does what is just and right: 6He does not eat at the mountain shrines # Ezk 22:9 or raise his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel. He does not defile his neighbor’s wife # Ex 20:17-18; Lv 20:10 or come near a woman during her menstrual impurity. # Lv 18:19-20 7He doesn’t oppress anyone # Ex 22:21 but returns his collateral to the debtor. # Dt 24:12-13 He does not commit robbery, but gives his bread to the hungry # Mt 25:35-40 and covers the naked with clothing. 8He doesn’t lend at interest or for profit # Ex 22:25; Lv 25:35-37 but keeps his hand from wrongdoing and carries out true justice between men. # Zch 8:16 9He follows My statutes and keeps My ordinances, acting faithfully. Such a person is righteous; he will certainly live.” # Am 5:4 This is the declaration of the Lord God.
10“Now suppose the man has a violent son, who sheds blood # Nm 35:31 and does any of these things, 11though the father has done none of them. Indeed, when the son eats at the mountain shrines and defiles his neighbor’s wife, 12and when he oppresses the poor and needy, commits robbery, and does not return collateral, and when he raises his eyes to the idols, commits detestable acts, # Ezk 8:6,17 13and lends at interest or for profit, will he live? He will not live! Since he has committed all these detestable acts, he will certainly die. His blood will be on him. # Lv 20:9,11
14“Now suppose he has a son who sees all the sins his father has committed, and though he sees them, he does not do likewise. 15He does not eat at the mountain shrines or raise his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel. He does not defile his neighbor’s wife. 16He doesn’t oppress anyone, hold collateral, or commit robbery. He gives his bread to the hungry and covers the naked with clothing. 17He keeps his hand from harming the poor, not taking interest or profit on a loan. He practices My ordinances and follows My statutes. Such a person will not die for his father’s iniquity. He will certainly live.
18“As for his father, he will die for his own iniquity because he practiced fraud, robbed his brother, and did what was wrong among his people. # Ezk 3:18 19But you may ask, ‘Why doesn’t the son suffer punishment for the father’s iniquity? ’ # Ex 20:5 Since the son has done what is just and right, carefully observing all My statutes, he will certainly live. 20The person who sins is the one who will die. # Ezk 18:4 A son won’t suffer punishment for the father’s iniquity, and a father won’t suffer punishment for the son’s iniquity. # Dt 24:16; Jn 9:2 The righteousness of the righteous person will be on him, # Is 3:10-11 and the wickedness of the wicked person will be on him. # Rm 2:6-9
21“Now if the wicked person turns from all the sins he has committed, # Ezk 33:12,19 keeps all My statutes, and does what is just and right, he will certainly live; he will not die. 22None of the transgressions he has committed will be held against him. # Ezk 33:16 He will live because of the righteousness he has practiced. # Ps 18:20-24 23Do I take any pleasure in the death of the wicked? ” # Ezk 33:11 This is the declaration of the Lord God. “Instead, don’t I take pleasure when he turns from his ways and lives? 24But when a righteous person turns from his righteousness # Ezk 3:20; 33:18 and practices iniquity, committing the same detestable acts that the wicked do, will he live? None of the righteous acts he did will be remembered. # 2Pt 2:20 He will die because of the treachery he has engaged in and the sin he has committed.
25“But you say, ‘The Lord’s way isn’t fair.’ # Ezk 18:29; 33:17,20 Now listen, house of Israel: Is it My way that is unfair? Instead, isn’t it your ways that are unfair? 26When a righteous person turns from his righteousness and practices iniquity, he will die for this. He will die because of the iniquity he has practiced. 27But if a wicked person turns from the wickedness he has committed and does what is just and right, he will preserve his life. 28He will certainly live because he thought it over and turned from all the transgressions he had committed; he will not die. 29But the house of Israel says, ‘The Lord’s way isn’t fair.’ Is it My ways that are unfair, house of Israel? Instead, isn’t it your ways that are unfair?
30“Therefore, house of Israel, I will judge each one of you according to his ways.” # Ezk 7:3,8; 33:20 This is the declaration of the Lord God. “Repent and turn from all your transgressions, so they will not be a stumbling block that causes your punishment. 31Throw off all the transgressions you have committed, and get yourselves a new heart and a new spirit. # Jr 32:39 Why should you die, house of Israel? 32For I take no pleasure in anyone’s death.” This is the declaration of the Lord God. “So repent and live!
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Ezekiel 18: HCSB
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Ezekiel 18
18
God’s Just Treatment of Individuals, Both Righteous and Wicked
1And the word of Yahweh came#Literally “was” to me, saying,#Literally “to say” 2“What do you mean by#Literally “What is to you” quoting this proverb about the land of Israel, saying,#Literally “to say” ‘The fathers, they ate unripe fruit, and the teeth of the child became blunt.’#Or “dull,” set on edge” 3As I live,#Literally “life I” declares#Literally “declaration of” the Lord Yahweh, it will surely not any longer be appropriate for you#Literally “to you” to quote this proverb in Israel! 4Look! All lives are mine.#Literally “all of the lives are for me they” The lives of father and son alike are mine.#Literally “Like the life of the father and like the life of the son is to me look” The person#Or “life,” or “soul” sinning will die. 5And if a man is righteous and does justice and righteousness, 6and on the mountains he does not eat and he does not lift up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, and the wife of his neighbor he does not defile and he does not approach a woman of#Or “in” menstruation, 7and he oppresses no one#Literally “a person not” and he returns a pledge for his loan and he commits no robbery#Literally “robbed things not he seized” and he gives#Or “shares” his bread to the hungry and he covers a naked person with a garment, 8and he does not charge interest#Literally “with the interest not he gives” and he takes no usury, and he holds back#Or “brings back” his hand from injustice and he executes a judgment of fairness between persons,#Literally “man and man” 9and in my statutes he goes about and my regulations he keeps,#Or “watches” performing faithfully#Literally “to do with with faithfulness” —then he is righteous, and certainly he will live,” declares#Literally “declaration of” the Lord Yahweh.
10“And now he has a son, a violent one, who sheds blood#Literally “shedding of blood” and does any of these things#Literally “and he does like from one from these” 11(though#Hebrew “And” he#That is, the father did not do all of these things), for the son also#Or “even” eats on the mountains and he defiles the wife of his neighbor. 12He oppresses the needy and the poor, and he commits robbery,#Literally “robbed things he seized” and he does not return a pledge for a loan, and he lifts his eyes to the idols so he does a detestable thing. 13He charges interest#Literally “with the interest he gives” and takes usury. Then, shall he live? He shall not live, for he did all of these detestable things. Surely he will die! His blood will be on him.
14“And look! He has a son, and he sees all of the sin of his father that he did, and he sees it, but he does not do it. 15On the mountains he does not eat, and he does not lift up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, and the wife of his neighbor he does not defile. 16And he oppresses no one; he requires no pledge for a loan, and he does not commit robbery;#Literally “robbed things not does he seize” he gives his bread to the hungry, and he covers the naked person with a garment. 17He brings back#Or “holds back” his hand from iniquity;#Cf. verse 8 he does not take interest and usury; he does my regulations; he goes#Or “walks” in my statutes. He will not die because of the guilt of his father; he will surely live! 18Because his father oppressed severely;#Literally “he oppressed oppression” he stole from his brother;#Literally “he seized robbed things of a brother” that which is not good he did in the midst of his people, and look! He will die through#Or “in” his guilt.
19“Yet#Or “And” you say, ‘Why does the son not bear the guilt of the father?’ And since the son does justice and righteousness and he keeps all of my statutes and does them, he shall surely live! 20The person,#Or “soul,” or “life” the one sinning, will die. A son shall not bear the guilt of the father, and a father shall not bear the guilt of the son. The righteousness of the righteous shall be on him; the wickedness of the wicked#According to the reading tradition (Qere) shall be on him. 21But if the wicked returns from all of his sins#According to the reading tradition (Qere) that he has done and he keeps all of my statutes and he does justice and righteousness, he shall surely live; he shall not die! 22All of his transgressions that he committed will not be remembered against#Or “for” him. Through#Or “By means of” his righteousness that he has done he shall live. 23Have I delight by any means#Or “in any way” in the death of the wicked, declares#Literally “declaration of” the Lord Yahweh, and not at his turning from his way, so that#Literally “and” he lives? 24And when the righteous turns#Literally “at turning of the righteous” from his righteousness, so that#Literally “and” he does injustice, and does all of the detestable things that the wicked do, then#Or “and” will he live because of all of his righteousness#According to the reading tradition (Qere) that he did? Those things will not be remembered because of his infidelity that he displayed, and because of his sin that he committed.#Literally “sin that he sinned” Through#Or “in/by” them he shall die.
25“Yet#Or “And” you say, ‘The way of the Lord is not fair!’ Listen, now, house of Israel, is my way not fair? Is it not your ways that are not fair? 26When the righteous turns from his righteousness, and he does injustice, then#Or “and” he will die because of them; because of his injustice that he did he will die! 27And when the wicked turns from his wickedness that he did and he does justice and righteousness, he will preserve his life.#Literally “his soul/life he will keep alive” 28And if he sees and he returns from all of his transgressions that he did, surely he will live; he will not die! 29And yet they, the house of Israel, say, ‘The way of the Lord is not fair!’ Are not my ways fair, house of Israel? Are not your ways unfair?#Literally “not ways your not are right”
30“Therefore I will judge you, house of Israel, each one#Hebrew “man” according to his ways,” declares#Literally “declaration of” the Lord Yahweh. “Repent#Or “Turn/Return” and turn around from all of your transgression, and it will not be as a stumbling block of iniquity to you. 31Throw away from yourselves#Literally “from on you” all of your transgressions that you committed,#Hebrew “committed with them” and make for yourselves#Literally “to you” a new heart and new spirit, and so why will you die, house of Israel? 32For I have no pleasure in the death of the dying,” declares#Literally “declaration of” the Lord Yahweh. “And so repent#Or “turn/return” and live!”
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