Luke 10
10
Jesus Sends Out the Seventy-Two
1After this the Lord appointed #Ex. 24:1, 9; Num. 11:16 seventy-two#10:1 Some manuscripts seventy; also verse 17 others and #[ch. 9:2, 52]sent them on ahead of him, two by two, into every town and place where he himself was about to go. 2#Matt. 9:37, 38; John 4:35 And he said to them, “The harvest is plentiful, but the laborers are few. #[2 Thess. 3:1]Therefore pray earnestly to the Lord of the harvest to send out laborers into his harvest. 3Go your way; #Matt. 10:16; [John 17:18]behold, I am sending you out as lambs in the midst of wolves. 4#For ver. 4-12, [ch. 9:1-5; 22:35; Matt. 10:9-15; Mark 6:8-11] Carry no moneybag, no knapsack, no sandals, and #2 Kgs. 4:29greet no one on the road. 5Whatever house you enter, first say, #1 Sam. 25:6‘Peace be to this house!’ 6And if a son of peace is there, your peace will rest upon him. But if not, #[Ps. 35:13 (Heb.)]it will return to you. 7And remain in the same house, eating and drinking what they provide, for #See 1 Tim. 5:18the laborer deserves his wages. Do not go from house to house. 8Whenever you enter a town and they receive you, eat what is set before you. 9Heal the sick in it and say to them, #ver. 11; See Matt. 3:2‘The kingdom of God has come near to you.’ 10But whenever you enter a town and they do not receive you, go into its streets and say, 11#Acts 13:51; [Neh. 5:13; Acts 18:6] ‘Even the dust of your town that clings to our feet we wipe off against you. Nevertheless know this, that #ver. 9the kingdom of God has come near.’ 12I tell you, #See Matt. 10:15 it will be more bearable on #Matt. 7:22that day for Sodom than for that town.
Woe to Unrepentant Cities
13 # For ver. 13-15, see Matt. 11:21-23 “Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the mighty works done in you had been done in # [Isa. 23; Ezek. 28:2-24; Amos 1:9, 10] Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago, sitting in sackcloth and ashes. 14#[ch. 12:47, 48] But it will be more bearable in the judgment for #[See ver. 13 above]Tyre and Sidon than for you. 15And you, Capernaum, #Cited from Isa. 14:13-15 will you be exalted to heaven? You shall be brought down to #ch. 16:23; Acts 2:27Hades.
16 # See Matt. 10:40 “The one who hears you hears me, and #
John 12:48; 1 Thess. 4:8; [Matt. 25:45] the one who rejects you rejects me, and #
John 5:23
the one who rejects me rejects him who sent me.”
The Return of the Seventy-Two
17 # ver. 1 The seventy-two returned with joy, saying, “Lord, #See Mark 16:17even the demons are subject to us in your name!” 18And he said to them, #[John 12:31; 16:11; Col. 2:15; Rev. 12:8, 9] “I saw Satan #[Isa. 14:12; Rev. 9:1]fall like lightning from heaven. 19Behold, I have given you authority #Ps. 91:13; Mark 16:18; Acts 28:5 to tread on serpents and scorpions, and over all the power of #Matt. 13:39 the enemy, and #ch. 21:18; [Rom. 8:28, 39]nothing shall hurt you. 20#[Matt. 7:22, 23] Nevertheless, do not rejoice in this, that the spirits are subject to you, but rejoice that #Ex. 32:32, 33; Ps. 69:28; Isa. 4:3; Ezek. 13:9; Dan. 12:1; Phil. 4:3; Heb. 12:23your names are written in heaven.”
Jesus Rejoices in the Father’s Will
21 # For ver. 21, 22, see Matt. 11:25-27 In that same hour #[Isa. 53:11] he rejoiced #[Mark 12:36] in the Holy Spirit and said, “I thank you, Father, #See Acts 17:24 Lord of heaven and earth, that #Job 37:24; 1 Cor. 1:19-27; 2 Cor. 3:14 you have hidden these things from the wise and understanding and #Ps. 8:2; Matt. 21:16; [ch. 8:10; Matt. 16:17] revealed them to little children; yes, Father, for #[ch. 12:32]such was your gracious will.#10:21 Or for so it pleased you well 22#John 1:18; 6:46; 7:29; 8:19; 10:15; 17:25; See Matt. 28:18 All things have been handed over to me by my Father, and no one knows who the Son is #John 1:18; 6:46; 7:29; 8:19; 10:15; 17:25; See Matt. 28:18 except the Father, or who the Father is #John 1:18; 6:46; 7:29; 8:19; 10:15; 17:25; See Matt. 28:18 except the Son and anyone #[John 17:26]to whom the Son chooses to reveal him.”
23Then turning to the disciples he said privately, #Matt. 13:16, 17; [Matt. 16:17]“Blessed are the eyes that see what you see! 24For I tell you #Heb. 11:13; 1 Pet. 1:10-12; [John 8:56]that many prophets and kings desired to see what you see, and did not see it, and to hear what you hear, and did not hear it.”
The Parable of the Good Samaritan
25 # For ver. 25-28, [ch. 18:18-20; Matt. 19:16-19; 22:34-39; Mark 10:17-19] And behold, a #See ch. 7:30 lawyer stood up to #See John 8:6 put him to the test, saying, “Teacher, what shall I do to #Matt. 19:29; 25:34, 46inherit eternal life?” 26He said to him, “What is written in the Law? How do you read it?” 27And he answered, #Matt. 22:37; Mark 12:30; Cited from Deut. 6:5 “You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your strength and with all your mind, and #Cited from Lev. 19:18; See Matt. 19:19your neighbor as yourself.” 28And he said to him, “You have answered correctly; #Lev. 18:5; Neh. 9:29; Ezek. 20:11; Rom. 10:5; Gal. 3:12do this, and you will live.”
29But he, #ch. 16:15desiring to justify himself, said to Jesus, “And who is my neighbor?” 30Jesus replied, “A man #[ch. 18:31; 19:28]was going down from Jerusalem to Jericho, and he fell among robbers, who stripped him and beat him and departed, leaving him half dead. 31Now by chance a #John 1:19; [Num. 8:19]priest was going down that road, and when he saw him he passed by on the other side. 32So likewise #[See ver. 31 above]a Levite, when he came to the place and saw him, passed by on the other side. 33But a #See Matt. 10:5Samaritan, as he journeyed, came to where he was, and when he saw him, he had compassion. 34He went to him and #Isa. 1:6bound up his wounds, pouring on #Isa. 1:6oil and wine. Then he set him on his own animal and brought him to an inn and took care of him. 35And the next day he took out two #See Matt. 18:28denarii#10:35 A denarius was a day’s wage for a laborer and gave them to the innkeeper, saying, ‘Take care of him, and whatever more you spend, I will repay you when I come back.’ 36Which of these three, do you think, proved to be a neighbor to the man who fell among the robbers?” 37He said, “The one who showed him mercy.” And Jesus said to him, “You go, and do likewise.”
Martha and Mary
38Now as they went on their way, Jesus#10:38 Greek he entered a village. And a woman named #John 11:1, 19, 20; 12:2, 3 Martha #ch. 19:6welcomed him into her house. 39And she had a sister called #[See ver. 38 above] Mary, who #ch. 8:35; [Acts 22:3]sat at the Lord’s feet and listened to his teaching. 40But Martha was distracted with much serving. And she went up to him and said, “Lord, do you not care that my sister has left me to serve alone? Tell her then to help me.” 41But the Lord answered her, “Martha, Martha, you are #[1 Cor. 7:32-34]; See ch. 12:22anxious and troubled about many things, 42but one thing is necessary.#10:42 Some manuscripts few things are necessary, or only one Mary has chosen #Ps. 16:5the good portion, which will not be taken away from her.”
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The Holy Bible, English Standard Version® (ESV®), copyright © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers.
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Luke 10
10
The Mission of the Seventy-two.#Only the Gospel of Luke contains two episodes in which Jesus sends out his followers on a mission: the first (Lk 9:1–6) is based on the mission in Mk 6:6b–13 and recounts the sending out of the Twelve; here in Lk 10:1–12 a similar report based on Q becomes the sending out of seventy-two in this gospel. The episode continues the theme of Jesus preparing witnesses to himself and his ministry. These witnesses include not only the Twelve but also the seventy-two who may represent the Christian mission in Luke’s own day. Note that the instructions given to the Twelve and to the seventy-two are similar and that what is said to the seventy-two in Lk 10:4 is directed to the Twelve in Lk 22:35. 1After this the Lord appointed seventy[-two]#Seventy[-two]: important representatives of the Alexandrian and Caesarean text types read “seventy,” while other important Alexandrian texts and Western readings have “seventy-two.” others whom he sent ahead of him in pairs to every town and place he intended to visit.#Mk 6:7. 2He said to them, “The harvest is abundant but the laborers are few; so ask the master of the harvest to send out laborers for his harvest.#Mt 9:37–38; Jn 4:35. 3Go on your way; behold, I am sending you like lambs among wolves.#Mt 10:16. 4#Carry no money bag…greet no one along the way: because of the urgency of the mission and the singlemindedness required of missionaries, attachment to material possessions should be avoided and even customary greetings should not distract from the fulfillment of the task. Carry no money bag,#Mt 10:7–14. no sack, no sandals;#9:3; 2 Kgs 4:29. and greet no one along the way. 5Into whatever house you enter, first say, ‘Peace to this household.’#First say, ‘Peace to this household’: see notes on Lk 2:14 and Mt 10:13. 6If a peaceful person#A peaceful person: literally, “a son of peace.” lives there, your peace will rest on him; but if not, it will return to you. 7Stay in the same house and eat and drink what is offered to you, for the laborer deserves his payment. Do not move about from one house to another.#9:4; Mt 10:10; 1 Cor 9:6–14; 1 Tm 5:18. 8Whatever town you enter and they welcome you, eat what is set before you,#1 Cor 10:27. 9cure the sick in it and say to them, ‘The kingdom of God is at hand for you.’#Mt 3:2; 4:17; Mk 1:15. 10Whatever town you enter and they do not receive you, go out into the streets and say,#9:5. 11‘The dust of your town that clings to our feet, even that we shake off against you.’ Yet know this: the kingdom of God is at hand.#Acts 13:51; 18:6. 12I tell you, it will be more tolerable for Sodom on that day than for that town.#Mt 10:15; 11:24.
Reproaches to Unrepentant Towns.#The call to repentance that is a part of the proclamation of the kingdom brings with it a severe judgment for those who hear it and reject it. 13#Mt 11:20–24. “Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida!#Is 23; Ez 26–28; Jl 3:4–8; Am 1:1–10; Zec 9:2–4. For if the mighty deeds done in your midst had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would long ago have repented, sitting in sackcloth and ashes. 14But it will be more tolerable for Tyre and Sidon at the judgment than for you. 15#Is 14:13–15. And as for you, Capernaum, ‘Will you be exalted to heaven? You will go down to the netherworld.’#The netherworld: the underworld, the place of the dead (Acts 2:27, 31) here contrasted with heaven; see also note on Mt 11:23. 16Whoever listens to you listens to me. Whoever rejects you rejects me. And whoever rejects me rejects the one who sent me.”#Mt 10:40; Jn 5:23; 13:20; 15:23.
Return of the Seventy-two. 17The seventy[-two] returned rejoicing, and said, “Lord, even the demons are subject to us because of your name.” 18Jesus said, “I have observed Satan fall like lightning#I have observed Satan fall like lightning: the effect of the mission of the seventy-two is characterized by the Lucan Jesus as a symbolic fall of Satan. As the kingdom of God is gradually being established, evil in all its forms is being defeated; the dominion of Satan over humanity is at an end. from the sky.#Is 14:12; Jn 12:31; Rev 12:7–12. 19Behold, I have given you the power ‘to tread upon serpents’ and scorpions and upon the full force of the enemy and nothing will harm you.#Ps 91:13; Mk 16:18. 20Nevertheless, do not rejoice because the spirits are subject to you, but rejoice because your names are written in heaven.”#Ex 32:32; Dn 12:1; Mt 7:22; Phil 4:3; Heb 12:23; Rev 3:5; 21:27.
Praise of the Father.#Mt 11:25–27. 21At that very moment he rejoiced [in] the holy Spirit and said, “I give you praise, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, for although you have hidden these things from the wise and the learned you have revealed them to the childlike.#Revealed them to the childlike: a restatement of the theme announced in Lk 8:10: the mysteries of the kingdom are revealed to the disciples. See also note on Mt 11:25–27. Yes, Father, such has been your gracious will.#1 Cor 1:26–28. 22All things have been handed over to me by my Father. No one knows who the Son is except the Father, and who the Father is except the Son and anyone to whom the Son wishes to reveal him.”#Jn 3:35; 10:15.
The Privileges of Discipleship.#Mt 13:16–17. 23Turning to the disciples in private he said, “Blessed are the eyes that see what you see. 24For I say to you, many prophets and kings desired to see what you see, but did not see it, and to hear what you hear, but did not hear it.”
The Greatest Commandment.#Mt 22:34–40; Mk 12:28–34. 25#In response to a question from a Jewish legal expert about inheriting eternal life, Jesus illustrates the superiority of love over legalism through the story of the good Samaritan. The law of love proclaimed in the “Sermon on the Plain” (Lk 6:27–36) is exemplified by one whom the legal expert would have considered ritually impure (see Jn 4:9). Moreover, the identity of the “neighbor” requested by the legal expert (Lk 10:29) turns out to be a Samaritan, the enemy of the Jew (see note on Lk 9:52). There was a scholar of the law#Scholar of the law: an expert in the Mosaic law, and probably a member of the group elsewhere identified as the scribes (Lk 5:21). who stood up to test him and said, “Teacher, what must I do to inherit eternal life?”#18:18; Mt 19:16; Mk 10:17. 26Jesus said to him, “What is written in the law? How do you read it?” 27He said in reply, “You shall love the Lord, your God, with all your heart, with all your being, with all your strength, and with all your mind, and your neighbor as yourself.”#Lv 19:18; Dt 6:5; 10:12; Jos 22:5; Mt 19:19; 22:37–39; Rom 13:9; Gal 5:14; Jas 2:8. 28He replied to him, “You have answered correctly; do this and you will live.”#Lv 18:5; Prv 19:16; Rom 10:5; Gal 3:12.
The Parable of the Good Samaritan. 29But because he wished to justify himself, he said to Jesus, “And who is my neighbor?” 30Jesus replied, “A man fell victim to robbers as he went down from Jerusalem to Jericho. They stripped and beat him and went off leaving him half-dead. 31#Priest…Levite: those religious representatives of Judaism who would have been expected to be models of “neighbor” to the victim pass him by. A priest happened to be going down that road, but when he saw him, he passed by on the opposite side. 32Likewise a Levite came to the place, and when he saw him, he passed by on the opposite side. 33But a Samaritan traveler who came upon him was moved with compassion at the sight. 34He approached the victim, poured oil and wine over his wounds and bandaged them. Then he lifted him up on his own animal, took him to an inn and cared for him. 35The next day he took out two silver coins and gave them to the innkeeper with the instruction, ‘Take care of him. If you spend more than what I have given you, I shall repay you on my way back.’ 36Which of these three, in your opinion, was neighbor to the robbers’ victim?” 37He answered, “The one who treated him with mercy.” Jesus said to him, “Go and do likewise.”
Martha and Mary.#The story of Martha and Mary further illustrates the importance of hearing the words of the teacher and the concern with women in Luke. 38#Jn 11:1; 12:2–3. As they continued their journey he entered a village where a woman whose name was Martha welcomed him. 39#Sat beside the Lord at his feet: it is remarkable for first-century Palestinian Judaism that a woman would assume the posture of a disciple at the master’s feet (see also Lk 8:35; Acts 22:3), and it reveals a characteristic attitude of Jesus toward women in this gospel (see Lk 8:2–3). She had a sister named Mary [who] sat beside the Lord at his feet listening to him speak. 40Martha, burdened with much serving, came to him and said, “Lord, do you not care that my sister has left me by myself to do the serving? Tell her to help me.” 41The Lord said to her in reply, “Martha, Martha, you are anxious and worried about many things. 42#There is need of only one thing: some ancient versions read, “there is need of few things”; another important, although probably inferior, reading found in some manuscripts is, “there is need of few things, or of one.” There is need of only one thing. Mary has chosen the better part and it will not be taken from her.”
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