Leviticus 19
19
The Lord Is Holy
1And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 2“Speak to all the congregation of the people of Israel and say to them, #See ch. 11:44, 45You shall be holy, for I the Lord your God am holy. 3#See Ex. 20:12 Every one of you shall revere his mother and his father, and #See Ex. 20:8you shall keep my Sabbaths: I am the Lord your God. 4#ch. 26:1; 1 John 5:21; See Ex. 20:3-5 Do not turn to idols #Ex. 34:17; [Deut. 27:15]or make for yourselves any gods of cast metal: I am the Lord your God.
5 # See ch. 7:15-18 “When you offer a sacrifice of peace offerings to the Lord, you shall offer it so #ch. 1:3; 22:19that you may be accepted. 6It shall be eaten the same day you offer it or on the day after, and anything left over until the third day shall be burned up with fire. 7If it is eaten at all on the third day, it is #ch. 7:18tainted; it will not be accepted, 8and everyone who eats it shall #See ch. 5:1 bear his iniquity, because #ch. 22:15he has profaned what is holy to the Lord, and that person shall be cut off from his people.
Love Your Neighbor as Yourself
9 # ch. 23:22; Deut. 24:19-21; [Ruth 2:15, 16] “When you reap the harvest of your land, you shall not reap your field right up to its edge, neither shall you gather the gleanings after your harvest. 10And you shall not strip your vineyard bare, neither shall you gather the fallen grapes of your vineyard. You shall leave them for the poor and for the sojourner: I am the Lord your God.
11 # See Ex. 20:15 “You shall not steal; #[ch. 6:2, 3; Eph. 4:15, 25; Col. 3:9]you shall not deal falsely; you shall not lie to one another. 12#See Ex. 20:7 You shall not swear by my name falsely, and so #See ch. 18:21profane the name of your God: I am the Lord.
13 # ch. 6:2, 3 “You shall not oppress your neighbor or rob him. #Deut. 24:14, 15; Mal. 3:5; [James 5:4]The wages of a hired worker shall not remain with you all night until the morning. 14#Deut. 27:18 You shall not curse the deaf or put a stumbling block before the blind, but you shall #ver. 32; ch. 25:17; Eccles. 5:7; 12:13; 1 Pet. 2:17fear your God: I am the Lord.
15 #
Ex. 23:2, 3; Deut. 1:17; 16:19; 27:19; Ps. 82:2; Prov. 24:23; James 2:9; [2 Chr. 19:6, 7] “You shall do no injustice in court. You shall not be partial to the poor or defer to the great, but in righteousness shall you judge your neighbor. 16#Prov. 11:13; 20:19 You shall not go around as a slanderer among your people, and you shall not #Ex. 23:1, 7; [Matt. 26:60, 61]; See 1 Kgs. 21:10-13; Acts 6:11-13stand up against the life#19:16 Hebrew blood of your neighbor: I am the Lord.
17 #
1 John 2:9, 11; 3:15 “You shall not hate your brother in your heart, but #Prov. 27:5, 6; Matt. 18:15; Luke 17:3; Gal. 6:1; Eph. 5:11 you shall reason frankly with your neighbor, lest you #[ch. 22:16; Rom. 1:32; 1 Tim. 5:22; 2 John 11]incur sin because of him. 18#Prov. 20:22; Rom. 12:17, 19; Heb. 10:30 You shall not take vengeance or bear a grudge against the sons of your own people, but #Matt. 5:43; Cited Matt. 19:19; 22:39; Mark 12:31; Luke 10:27; Rom. 13:9; Gal. 5:14; James 2:8you shall love your neighbor as yourself: I am the Lord.
You Shall Keep My Statutes
19 # See ch. 18:4, 5 “You shall keep my statutes. You shall not let your cattle breed with a different kind. #Deut. 22:9-11You shall not sow your field with two kinds of seed, nor shall you wear a garment of cloth made of two kinds of material.
20“If a man lies sexually with a woman who is a slave, assigned to another man and not yet ransomed or given her freedom, a distinction shall be made. They shall not be put to death, because she was not free; 21but #ch. 5:15; 6:6, 7he shall bring his compensation to the Lord, to the entrance of the tent of meeting, a ram for a guilt offering. 22And the priest shall make atonement for him with the ram of the guilt offering before the Lord for his sin that he has committed, and he shall be forgiven for the sin that he has committed.
23“When you come into the land and plant any kind of tree for food, then you shall regard its fruit as forbidden.#19:23 Hebrew as its uncircumcision Three years it shall be forbidden to you; it must not be eaten. 24And in the fourth year all its fruit shall be holy, an offering of praise to the Lord. 25But in the fifth year you may eat of its fruit, to increase its yield for you: I am the Lord your God.
26 # See ch. 3:17 “You shall not eat any flesh with the blood in it. #Deut. 18:10; 2 Kgs. 17:17 You shall not interpret omens or #2 Kgs. 21:6; 2 Chr. 33:6tell fortunes. 27#ch. 21:5; [Isa. 15:2; Jer. 9:26; 48:37]You shall not round off the hair on your temples or mar the edges of your beard. 28You shall not make any #ch. 21:1, 4, 5; Deut. 14:1; 1 Kgs. 18:28; Jer. 16:6; 41:5; 47:5; 48:37cuts on your body for the dead or tattoo yourselves: I am the Lord.
29 # [Deut. 23:17] “Do not profane your daughter by making her a prostitute, lest the land fall into prostitution and the land become full of depravity. 30#ver. 3; ch. 26:2; See Ex. 20:8 You shall keep my Sabbaths and #Eccles. 5:1; [Matt. 21:12, 13; Mark 11:15-17; Luke 19:45, 46; John 2:14-16]reverence my sanctuary: I am the Lord.
31 # ch. 20:6, 27; Deut. 18:11; Isa. 8:19; [Ex. 22:18; 1 Sam. 28:3, 7, 9; 1 Chr. 10:13; Acts 16:16] “Do not turn to mediums or necromancers; do not seek them out, and so make yourselves unclean by them: I am the Lord your God.
32 #
Prov. 20:29; [Lam. 5:12] “You shall stand up before the gray head and honor the face of an old man, and you shall #See ver. 14fear your God: I am the Lord.
33 #
Ex. 22:21; 23:9; Mal. 3:5 “When a stranger sojourns with you in your land, you shall not do him wrong. 34#See ch. 16:29 You shall treat the stranger who sojourns with you as the native among you, and #Deut. 10:19; See ver. 18you shall love him as yourself, for you were strangers in the land of Egypt: I am the Lord your God.
35 # See ver. 15 “You shall do no wrong in judgment, in measures of length or weight or quantity. 36#Deut. 25:13, 15; Prov. 11:1; 16:11; 20:10; Ezek. 45:10; [Amos 8:5; Mic. 6:11]You shall have just balances, just weights, a just ephah, and a just hin:#19:36 An ephah was about 3/5 bushel or 22 liters; a hin was about 4 quarts or 3.5 liters I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt. 37And #See ch. 18:4, 5you shall observe all my statutes and all my rules, and do them: I am the Lord.”
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Leviticus 19
19
Moral and Religious Laws
1The Lord told Moses 2#Lv 11.44,45; 1 P 1.16. to say to the community of Israel:
I am the Lord your God. I am holy, and you must be holy too! 3-4#Ex 20.12; Dt 5.16; Ex 20.8; Dt 5.12; Lv 26.1; Ex 20.23; 34.17; Dt 17.2-7. Respect your father and your mother, honor the Sabbath, and don't make idols or images. I am the Lord your God.
5When you offer a sacrifice to ask my blessing,#19.5 sacrifice … to ask my blessing: See the note at 3.1. be sure to follow my instructions. 6You may eat the meat either on the day of the sacrifice or on the next day, but you must burn anything left over on the third day. 7If you eat any of it on the third day, the sacrifice will be disgusting to me, and I will reject it. 8In fact, you will be punished for not respecting what I say is holy, and you will no longer belong to the community of Israel.
9 #
Lv 23.22; Dt 24.19-22. When you harvest your grain, always leave some of it standing along the edges of your fields and don't pick up what falls on the ground. 10Don't strip your grapevines clean or gather the grapes that fall off the vines. Leave them for the poor and for those foreigners who live among you. I am the Lord your God.
11 #
Ex 20.15; Dt 5.19;
Ex 20.16; Dt 5.20. Do not steal or tell lies or cheat others.
12 #
Ex 20.7; Dt 5.11; Mt 5.33. Do not misuse my name by making promises you don't intend to keep. I am the Lord your God.
13 #
Dt 24.14,15. Do not steal anything or cheat anyone, and don't fail to pay your workers at the end of each day.#19.13 to pay … end of each day: Day laborers needed their wages to buy food for their evening meal, which was the main meal of the day.
14 #
Dt 27.14-26. I am the Lord your God, and I command you not to make fun of the deaf or to cause a blind person to stumble.
15 #
Ex 23.6-8; Dt 16.19. Be fair, no matter who is on trial—don't favor either the poor or the rich.
16Don't be a gossip, but never hesitate to speak up in court, especially if your testimony can save someone's life.#19.16 but never … someone's life: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text.
17 #
Mt 18.15. Don't hold grudges. On the other hand, it's wrong not to correct someone who needs correcting. 18#Mt 5.43; 19.19; 22.39; Mk 12.31; Lk 10.27; Ro 13.9; Ga 5.14; Jas 2.8. Don't be angry or try to take revenge. I am the Lord, and I command you to love others as much as you love yourself.
19 #
Dt 22.9-11. Breed your livestock animals only with animals of the same kind, and don't plant two kinds of seed in the same field or wear clothes made of different kinds of material.
20If a man has sex with a slave woman who is promised in marriage to someone else, he must pay a fine, but they are not to be put to death. After all, she was still a slave at the time.#19.20 time: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text of verse 20. 21-22The man must bring a ram to the entrance of the sacred tent and give it to a priest, who will then offer it as a sacrifice to me, so the man's sins will be forgiven.
23After you enter the land, you will plant fruit trees, but you are not to eat any fruit from them for the first three years. 24In the fourth year the fruit must be set apart, as an expression of thanks 25to me, the Lord God. Do this, and in the fifth year, those trees will produce an abundant harvest of fruit for you to eat.
26 #
Gn 9.4; Lv 7.26,27; 17.10-14; Dt 12.5-19,23,24; 15.23;
Dt 18.10,11. Don't eat the blood of any animal.
Don't practice any kind of witchcraft.
27-28 #
Lv 21.5; Dt 14.1. I forbid you to shave any part of your head or beard or to cut and tattoo yourself as a way of worshiping the dead.
29 #
Dt 23.17. Don't let your daughters serve as temple prostitutes—this would bring disgrace both to them and the land.
30 #
Lv 26.2. I command you to respect the Sabbath and the place where I am worshiped.
31 #
Dt 18.10,11; 1 S 28.1-3; 2 K 23.4; Is 8.19. Don't make yourselves disgusting to me by going to people who claim they can talk to the dead.
32I command you to show respect for older people and to obey me with fear and trembling.
33 #
Ex 22.21; Dt 24.17,18; 27.14-26. Don't mistreat any foreigners who live in your land. 34Instead, treat them as well as you treat your own people and love them as much as you love yourself. Remember, you were once foreigners in the land of Egypt. I am the Lord your God.
35-36 #
Dt 25.13-16; Pr 20.10; Ez 45.10. Use honest scales and don't cheat when you weigh or measure anything.
I am the Lord your God. I rescued you from Egypt, 37and I command you to obey my laws.
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