1 Samuel 2
2
Hannah’s Prayer
1And Hannah prayed and said,
# For ver. 1-10, see Luke 1:46-53 “My heart exults in the Lord;
# ver. 10; Ps. 75:10; 89:17, 24; 92:10; 112:9; 148:14 my horn is exalted in the Lord.
My mouth derides my enemies,
because #Ps. 9:14; 13:5; 20:5; 35:9I rejoice in your salvation.
2 #
Ex. 15:11; Ps. 86:8; 89:6, 8 “There is none holy like the Lord:
for there is none besides you;
there is #Deut. 32:30, 31no rock like our God.
3Talk no more so very proudly,
let not arrogance come from your mouth;
for the Lord is a God of knowledge,
and by him actions are weighed.
4 #
Ps. 37:15; 46:9; 76:3 The bows of the mighty are broken,
but the feeble bind on strength.
5Those who were full have hired themselves out for bread,
but those who were hungry have ceased to hunger.
#
Ps. 113:9; Isa. 54:1 The barren has borne seven,
#
Jer. 15:9
but she who has many children is forlorn.
6 #
Deut. 32:39
The Lord kills and brings to life;
he brings down to Sheol and raises up.
7 # [Job 1:21] The Lord makes poor and makes rich;
#
Job 5:11; Ps. 75:7 he brings low and he exalts.
8 #
Ps. 113:7, 8; [Dan. 4:17; Luke 1:52] He raises up the poor from the dust;
he lifts the needy from the ash heap
#
Job 36:7 to make them sit with princes
and inherit a seat of honor.
# [Job 38:4-6; Ps. 24:2; 102:25; 104:5] For the pillars of the earth are the Lord’s,
and on them he has set the world.
9 #
Ps. 121:3; Prov. 3:26; [Ps. 91:11] “He will guard the feet of his faithful ones,
but the wicked shall be cut off in darkness,
for not by might shall a man prevail.
10 #
Ps. 2:9 The adversaries of the Lord shall be broken to pieces;
# ch. 7:10; Ps. 18:13; [2 Sam. 22:14] against them he will thunder in heaven.
#
Ps. 96:10, 13; 98:9 The Lord will judge the ends of the earth;
he will give strength to his king
# ver. 1; [Ps. 89:24] and exalt the horn of his anointed.”
11Then Elkanah went home #ch. 1:19 to Ramah. #ver. 18; ch. 3:1And the boy#2:11 Hebrew na‘ar can be rendered boy (2:11, 18, 21, 26; 3:1, 8), servant (2:13, 15), or young man (2:17), depending on the context was ministering to the Lord in the presence of Eli the priest.
Eli’s Worthless Sons
12Now the sons of Eli were #See ch. 1:16 worthless men. #Judg. 2:10They did not know the Lord. 13The custom of the priests with the people was that when any man offered sacrifice, the priest’s servant would come, while the meat was boiling, with a three-pronged fork in his hand, 14and he would thrust it into the pan or kettle or cauldron or pot. All that the fork brought up the priest would take for himself. This is what they did at Shiloh to all the Israelites who came there. 15Moreover, #Lev. 3:5, 16; 7:23, 25, 31before the fat was burned, the priest’s servant would come and say to the man who was sacrificing, “Give meat for the priest to roast, for he will not accept boiled meat from you but only raw.” 16And if the man said to him, “Let them burn the fat first, and then take as much as you wish,” he would say, “No, you must give it now, and if not, I will take it by force.” 17Thus the sin of the young men was very great #[Gen. 6:11] in the sight of the Lord, #[Mal. 2:8]for the men treated the offering of the Lord with contempt.
18 # ver. 11; ch. 3:1 Samuel was ministering before the Lord, a boy #Ex. 28:4; 2 Sam. 6:14; 1 Chr. 15:27clothed with a linen ephod. 19And his mother used to make for him a little robe and take it to him each year #ch. 1:3when she went up with her husband to offer the yearly sacrifice. 20Then Eli would bless Elkanah and his wife, and say, “May the Lord give you children by this woman #ch. 1:28for the petition she asked of the Lord.” So then they would return to their home.
21 #
Gen. 21:1 Indeed the Lord visited Hannah, and she conceived and bore three sons and two daughters. #ver. 26; ch. 3:19; [Judg. 13:24; Luke 1:80; 2:40]And the boy Samuel grew in the presence of the Lord.
Eli Rebukes His Sons
22Now Eli was very old, and he kept hearing all that his sons were doing to all Israel, and how they lay with the women who #Ex. 38:8were serving at the entrance to the tent of meeting. 23And he said to them, “Why do you do such things? For I hear of your evil dealings from all these people. 24No, my sons; it is no good report that I hear the people of the Lord spreading abroad. 25If someone sins against a man, God will mediate for him, but if someone sins against the Lord, who can intercede for him?” But they would not listen to the voice of their father, #[Josh. 11:20]for it was the will of the Lord to put them to death.
26Now the boy Samuel #Luke 2:52continued to grow both in stature and in favor with the Lord and also with man.
The Lord Rejects Eli’s Household
27And there came #1 Kgs. 13:1 a man of God to Eli and said to him, “Thus says the Lord, #[Ex. 3–12]‘Did I indeed reveal myself to the house of your father when they were in Egypt subject to the house of Pharaoh? 28#Ex. 28:1; Num. 18:1, 7 Did I choose him out of all the tribes of Israel to be my priest, to go up to my altar, to burn incense, #[ch. 14:3; 22:18] to wear an ephod before me? #Lev. 2:3, 10; 6:16; 7:7, 8, 34; 10:14, 15; Num. 5:9, 10; See Num. 18:8-19I gave to the house of your father all my offerings by fire from the people of Israel. 29Why then do you #Deut. 32:15scorn#2:29 Hebrew kick at my sacrifices and my offerings that I commanded for my dwelling, and honor your sons above me by fattening yourselves on the choicest parts of every offering of my people Israel?’ 30Therefore the Lord, the God of Israel, declares: #Ex. 27:21; 29:9 ‘I promised that your house and the house of your father should go in and out before me forever,’ #[Jer. 18:9, 10]but now the Lord declares: ‘Far be it from me, for those who honor me I will honor, and those who despise me shall be lightly esteemed. 31Behold, #1 Kgs. 2:27; [ch. 4:11, 18, 20; 22:18, 19]the days are coming when I will cut off your strength and the strength of your father’s house, so that there will not be an old man in your house. 32Then #ch. 4:11; [Judg. 18:30]; See Ps. 78:59-64 in distress you will look with envious eye on all the prosperity that shall be bestowed on Israel, #[Zech. 8:4]and there shall not be an old man in your house forever. 33The only one of you whom I shall not cut off from my altar shall be spared to weep his#2:33 Septuagint; Hebrew your; twice in this verse eyes out to grieve his heart, and all the descendants#2:33 Hebrew increase of your house shall die by the sword of men.#2:33 Septuagint; Hebrew die as men 34#1 Kgs. 13:3 And this that shall come upon your two sons, Hophni and Phinehas, shall be the sign to you: both of them shall die #ch. 4:11on the same day. 35#1 Kgs. 2:35; 1 Chr. 29:22 And I will raise up for myself a faithful priest, who shall do according to what is in my heart and in my mind. #ch. 25:28; 1 Kgs. 11:38; [2 Sam. 7:11, 27] And I will build him a sure house, and he shall go in and out before #2 Sam. 22:51; Ps. 18:50; [Ps. 89:20]my anointed forever. 36And everyone who is left in your house shall come to implore him for a piece of silver or a loaf of bread and shall say, “Please put me in one of the priests’ places, that I may eat a morsel of bread.”’”
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The Holy Bible, English Standard Version® (ESV®), copyright © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers.
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1 Samuel 2
2
Hannah’s Triumphant Prayer
1Hannah prayed:#Ps 72:20; Hab 3:1; Lk 1:46–55
My heart rejoices in the Lord;#Ps 75:4–5,10; 92:10
my horn is lifted up by the Lord.
My mouth boasts over my enemies,
because I rejoice in your salvation.#Is 12:2–3
2There is no one holy like the Lord.#Ex 15:11
There is no one besides you!#2Sm 22:32
And there is no rock like our God.#2Sm 7:22; Ps 18:31
3Do not boast so proudly,
or let arrogant words come out of your mouth,
for the Lord is a God of knowledge,
and actions are weighed by him.#Pr 16:2; 24:12
4The bows of the warriors are broken,#Ps 37:15; 46:9
but the feeble are clothed with strength.#Ps 18:39; Heb 11:32–34
5Those who are full hire themselves out for food,
but those who are starving hunger no more.
The woman who is childless gives birth to seven,#Ru 4:15; Ps 113:9
but the woman with many sons pines away.#Jr 15:9
6The Lord brings death and gives life;#Dt 32:39
he sends some down to Sheol, and he raises others up.#Is 26:19
7The Lord brings poverty and gives wealth;#Dt 8:17–18
he humbles and he exalts.#Jb 15:11; Jms 4:10
8He raises the poor from the dust#Jb 42:10–12; Ps 75:7
and lifts the needy from the trash heap.#2Sm 7:8; Dn 2:48; Jms 2:5
He seats them with noblemen#Jb 36:7
and gives them a throne of honor.#2:8 DSS, LXX add He gives the vow of the one who makes a vow and he blesses the years of the just.
For the foundations of the earth are the Lord’s;#Jb 38:4–6; Ps 75:3
he has set the world on them.#Ps 113:7–8
9He guards the steps#2:9 Lit feet of his faithful ones,#Ps 91:11–12; 1Pt 1:5
but the wicked perish in darkness,#Mt 8:12
for a person does not prevail by his own strength.#Ps 33:16–17
10Those who oppose the Lord will be shattered;#2:10 DSS, LXX read The Lord shatters those who dispute with him#Ps 2:9
he will thunder in the heavens against them.#1Sm 7:10; Ps 18:13–14
The Lord will judge the ends of the earth.#Ps 96:13; 98:9
He will give power to his king;
he will lift up the horn of his anointed.#2:10 Or Messiah#1Sm 2:35; 12:3; 16:6; Ps 89:24
11Elkanah went home to Ramah,#1Sm 1:1,19 but the boy served the Lord in the presence of the priest Eli.#1Sm 1:28; 2:18; 3:1
Eli’s Family Judged
12Eli’s sons were wicked men;#1Sm 1:15 they did not respect the Lord#Jr 2:8; 9:3,6 13or the priests’ share of the sacrifices from the people. When anyone offered a sacrifice, the priest’s servant would come with a three-pronged meat fork while the meat was boiling 14and plunge it into the container, kettle, cauldron, or cooking pot.#Lv 7:29–34 The priest would claim for himself whatever the meat fork brought up. This is the way they treated all the Israelites who came there to Shiloh. 15Even before the fat was burned,#Lv 3:3–5,16 the priest’s servant would come and say to the one who was sacrificing, “Give the priest some meat to roast, because he won’t accept boiled meat from you — only raw.” 16If that person said to him, “The fat must be burned first; then you can take whatever you want for yourself,”#Lv 7:25 the servant would reply, “No, I insist that you hand it over right now. If you don’t, I’ll take it by force!” 17So the servants’ sin was very severe in the presence of the Lord, because the men treated the Lord’s offering with contempt.#Mal 2:7–9
18Samuel served in the Lord’s presence#1Sm 2:11; 3:1—this mere boy was dressed in the linen ephod.#1Sm 2:28 19Each year his mother made him a little robe#Ex 28:31 and took it to him when she went with her husband to offer the annual sacrifice.#1Sm 1:3,21 20Eli would bless Elkanah and his wife:#Lk 2:34 “May the Lord give you children by this woman in place of the one she#2:20 DSS; MT reads he has given to the Lord.”#1Sm 1:11,22,28 Then they would go home.
21The Lord paid attention to Hannah’s need,#Gn 21:1 and she conceived and gave birth to three sons and two daughters. Meanwhile, the boy Samuel grew up in the presence of the Lord.#1Sm 2:26; 3:19–21; Lk 2:40
22Now Eli was very old. He heard about everything his sons were doing to all Israel#1Sm 2:13–17 and how they were sleeping with the women who served at the entrance to the tent of meeting.#Ex 38:8 23He said to them, “Why are you doing these things? I have heard about your evil actions from all these people. 24No, my sons, the news I hear the Lord’s people spreading is not good. 25If one person sins against another, God can intercede for him, but if a person sins against the Lord, who can intercede for him?” #Nm 15:30–31; Heb 10:26–27 But they would not listen to their father, since the Lord intended to kill them.#Ex 5:2; 14:17–18; Jos 11:18–20 26By contrast, the boy Samuel grew in stature and in favor with the Lord and with people.#Lk 2:52
27A man of God came to Eli and said to him,#Dt 33:1; Jdg 13:6 “This is what the Lord says: ‘Didn’t I reveal myself to your forefather’s family#2:27 Lit the house of your father when they were in Egypt and belonged to Pharaoh’s palace?#Ex 4:14–16; 12:1,43 28Out of all the tribes of Israel, I chose your house#2:28 Lit selected him to be my priests, to offer sacrifices on my altar, to burn incense, and to wear an ephod in my presence.#Ex 28:1–4 I also gave your forefather’s family all the Israelite food offerings. 29Why, then, do all of you despise my sacrifices and offerings that I require at the place of worship?#Dt 12:5–7 You have honored your sons more than me,#Mt 10:37 by making yourselves fat with the best part of all of the offerings of my people Israel.’
30“Therefore, this is the declaration of the Lord, the God of Israel: ‘I did say that your family and your forefather’s family would walk before me forever.#Ex 29:9; 40:12–15; Nm 25:10–13 But now,’ this is the Lord’s declaration, ‘no longer! For those who honor me I will honor,#Ps 50:23 but those who despise me will be disgraced.#1Kg 2:26–27 31Look, the days are coming when I will cut off your strength and the strength of your forefather’s family, so that none in your family will reach old age.#1Sm 4:11–18; 22:17–20 32You will see distress in the place of worship,#1Kg 2:26–27 in spite of all that is good in Israel, and no one in your family will ever again reach old age.#Zch 8:4 33Any man from your family I do not cut off from my altar will bring grief#2:33 Lit grief to your eyes and sadness to you. All your descendants will die violently.#2:33 DSS, LXX read die by the sword of men#2:33 Lit die men 34This will be the sign that will come to you concerning your two sons Hophni and Phinehas:#1Sm 10:7–9; 1Kg 13:3 both of them will die on the same day.#1Sm 4:11
35“‘Then I will raise up a faithful priest#1Sm 3:20 for myself. He will do whatever is in my heart and mind. I will establish a lasting dynasty for him,#1Sm 8:3–5; 1Kg 11:38 and he will walk before my anointed one for all time.#1Sm 10:9–10; 12:3; 16:13 36Anyone who is left in your family will come and bow down to him for a piece of silver or a loaf of bread. He will say: Please appoint me to some priestly office so I can have a piece of bread to eat.’”
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