Esther 3
3
1After these things king Ahasuerus promoted Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes that were with him. 2And all the king's servants that were in the king's gate bowed and did Haman reverence, for the king had so commanded concerning him. But Mordecai bowed not, nor did him reverence. 3Then the king's servants, who were in the king's gate, said to Mordecai, Why transgressest thou the king's commandment? 4And it came to pass as they spoke daily to him, and he hearkened not to them, that they informed Haman, to see whether Mordecai's matters would stand; for he had told them that he was a Jew. 5And when Haman saw that Mordecai bowed not, nor did him reverence, Haman was full of fury. 6But he scorned to lay hands on Mordecai alone; for they had made known to him the people of Mordecai; therefore Haman sought to destroy all the Jews that were in all the kingdom of Ahasuerus — the people of Mordecai.
7In the first month, that is, the month Nisan, in the twelfth year of king Ahasuerus, they cast Pur, that is, the lot, before Haman for each day and for each month, to the twelfth month, that is, the month Adar. 8And Haman said to king Ahasuerus, There is a people scattered abroad and dispersed among the peoples in all the provinces of thy kingdom; and their laws are diverse from those of every people, and they keep not the king's laws; and it is not for the king's profit to suffer them. 9If it please the king, let it be written that they may be destroyed, and I will pay ten thousand talents of silver into the hands of those that have charge of the affairs, to bring it into the king's treasuries. 10And the king took his ring from his hand, and gave it to Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the Jews' enemy. 11And the king said to Haman, The silver is given to thee, the people also, to do with them as seems good to thee. 12Then were the king's scribes called, in the first month, on the thirteenth day of the month, and there was written according to all that Haman commanded unto the king's satraps, and to the governors over every province, and to the princes of every people; to every province according to the writing thereof, and to every people according to their language: in the name of king Ahasuerus was it written, and sealed with the king's ring. 13And the letters were sent by couriers into all the king's provinces, to destroy, to kill, and to cause to perish, all Jews, both young and old, little children and women, in one day, upon the thirteenth of the twelfth month, that is, the month Adar, and to take the spoil of them for a prey. 14That the decree might be given in every province, a copy of the writing was published to all peoples, that they should be ready against that day. 15The couriers went out, being hastened by the king's commandment, and the decree was given in Shushan the fortress. And the king and Haman sat down to drink; but the city of Shushan was in consternation.
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Esther 3: DARBY
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First published in 1890. This edition is maintained by the British and Foreign Bible Society.
Esther 3
3
Haman’s Plan to Kill the Jews
1After all this took place, King Ahasuerus honored Haman, son of Hammedatha the Agagite. # Ex 17:8-16; 1Sm 15:20 He promoted him in rank and gave him a higher position than all the other officials. # Est 1:3,21; 2:18 2The entire royal staff at the King’s Gate # Est 2:19,21 bowed down and paid homage to Haman, because the king had commanded this to be done for him. But Mordecai would not bow down or pay homage. # Est 5:9 3The members of the royal staff at the King’s Gate asked Mordecai, “Why are you disobeying the king’s command? ” 4When they had warned him day after day # Gn 39:10 and he still would not listen to them, they told Haman to see if Mordecai’s actions would be tolerated, since he had told them he was a Jew.
5When Haman saw that Mordecai was not bowing down or paying him homage, he was filled with rage. # Est 1:12; 2:21; 7:7; Dn 3:19 6And when he learned of Mordecai’s ethnic identity, Haman decided not to do away with # Lit to stretch out a hand against Mordecai alone. He planned to destroy all of Mordecai’s people, the Jews, # Est 6:10 throughout Ahasuerus’s kingdom. # Est 9:24; Ps 83:2-4
7In the first month, the month of Nisan, # = March–April; called Abib in the pre-exilic period; Ex 13:4; Dt 16:1 in King Ahasuerus’s twelfth year, # 474 b.c. # Est 1:2; 2:16 Pur (that is, the lot) was cast before Haman for each day in each month, and it fell on the twelfth month, # Est 9:24-28 the month Adar. # = February–March # Ezr 6:15 8Then Haman informed King Ahasuerus, “There is one ethnic group, scattered throughout the peoples in every province of your kingdom, # Est 1;1; 8:11,17; 9:2 yet living in isolation. Their laws are different from everyone else’s and they do not obey the king’s laws. # Jr 29:7; Ac 16:20-21 It is not in the king’s best interest to tolerate them. # Ezr 4:12-15 9If the king approves, let an order be drawn up authorizing their destruction, and I will pay 375 tons of silver to # Lit will weigh 10,000 silver talents on the hands of the accountants for deposit in the royal treasury.” # Est 4:7
10The king removed his signet ring # Gn 41:42; Est 8:2,8,10; Hg 2:23 from his finger and gave it to Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the enemy of the Jewish people. # Est 7:6; 9:10 11Then the king told Haman, “The money and people are given to you to do with as you see fit.”
12The royal scribes were summoned # Est 8:9 on the thirteenth day of the first month, and the order was written exactly as Haman commanded. It was intended for the royal satraps, # Ezr 8:36 the governors of each of the provinces, and the officials of each ethnic group and written for each province in its own script and to each ethnic group in its own language. # Est 1:22; 8:9 It was written in the name of King Ahasuerus # 1Kg 21:8 and sealed with the royal signet ring. # Est 8:10 13Letters were sent by couriers # 2Ch 30:6; Est 8:14 to each of the royal provinces telling the officials to destroy, kill, and annihilate all the Jewish people — young and old, women and children — and plunder their possessions on a single day, # Est 8:11-13; 9:10 the thirteenth day of Adar, the twelfth month. # LXX adds the text of Ahasuerus’s letter here.
14A copy of the text, issued as law throughout every province, was distributed to all the peoples so that they might get ready for that day. 15The couriers left, spurred on by royal command, and the law was issued in the fortress of Susa. # Est 8:13-14 The king and Haman sat down to drink, while the city of Susa was in confusion. # Est 7:1; 8:15
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