Leviticus 24
24
The Sanctuary Light.#On the lamp, see Ex 25:31–40; 26:35; 27:20–21; 37:17–24; 40:24–25; Nm 8:1–4. It occupies the south side of the anterior room of the sanctuary tent and provides light for that room. 1The Lord said to Moses: 2Order the Israelites to bring you clear oil of crushed olives for the light, so that you may keep the lamp burning regularly.#Ex 25:31–40; 27:20–21. 3In the tent of meeting, outside the veil that hangs in front of the covenant, Aaron shall set up the lamp to burn before the Lord regularly, from evening till morning, by a perpetual statute throughout your generations. 4He shall set up the lamps on the pure gold menorah to burn regularly before the Lord.
The Showbread.#On the bread table, see Ex 25:23–29; 26:35; 37:10–16; 40:22–23. It occupies the north side of the anterior room of the sanctuary tent. The bread is a type of grain offering (see note on 2:1). 5You shall take bran flour and bake it into twelve cakes,#Ex 25:23–30; 1 Kgs 7:48; 2 Chr 13:11; Heb 9:2. using two tenths of an ephah of flour for each cake. 6These you shall place in two piles, six in each pile, on the pure gold table before the Lord. 7With each pile put some pure frankincense, which shall serve as an oblation to the Lord, a token of the bread offering. 8Regularly on each sabbath day the bread#1 Chr 9:32. shall be set out before the Lord on behalf of the Israelites by an everlasting covenant. 9It shall belong to Aaron and his sons, who must eat it in a sacred place, since it is most sacred,#1 Sm 21:5. his as a perpetual due from the oblations to the Lord.
Punishment of Blasphemy.#This is a narrative where an offense leads to clarifying revelation similar to the cases in Lv 10:1–7 and 16:1–34; Nm 9:6–14 and 15:32–36. 10A man born of an Israelite mother and an Egyptian father went out among the Israelites, and in the camp a fight broke out between the son of the Israelite woman and an Israelite man. 11The son of the Israelite woman uttered the Lord’s name in a curse and blasphemed. So he was brought to Moses—now his mother’s name was Shelomith, daughter of Dibri, of the tribe of Dan— 12and he was kept in custody till a decision from the Lord should settle the case for them.#Nm 15:34. 13The Lord then said to Moses: 14Take the blasphemer outside the camp, and when all who heard him have laid their hands#Laid their hands: see notes on 1:4 and 16:21. It may be that blasphemy generated a type of pollution which the hearers return to the culprit by this gesture. on his head,#Lv 16:21. let the whole community stone him. 15Tell the Israelites: Anyone who blasphemes God shall bear the penalty; 16whoever utters the name of the Lord in a curse shall be put to death.#Ex 22:27; 1 Kgs 21:10, 13; Mt 26:65–66; Jn 10:33. The whole community shall stone that person; alien and native-born alike must be put to death for uttering the Lord’s name in a curse.
17#A digression dealing with bodily injury follows the blasphemy rules. It may have been appended since the first case is another example of the death penalty. But the section develops according to its own logic. All legal traditions require death for homicide: Gn 9:5–6; Ex 21:12–14; Nm 35:9–34; Dt 19:1–13; cf. Ex 20:13 and Dt 5:17. Whoever takes the life of any human being shall be put to death;#Gn 9:5–6; Ex 21:12–14; Nm 35:9–34; Dt 19:11–13. 18whoever takes the life of an animal shall make restitution of another animal, life for a life.#Ex 21:33–34; cf. Lv 17:4. 19#The phrase “life for a life” in v. 18 leads to introducing the law of talion in vv. 19–20. Some have interpreted the law here and the similar expressions in Ex 21:23–25 and Dt 19:21 to mean that monetary compensation equal to the injury is to be paid, though the wording of the law here and the context of Dt 19:21 indicate an injury is to be inflicted upon the injurer. Anyone who inflicts a permanent injury on his or her neighbor shall receive the same in return: 20fracture for fracture, eye for eye, tooth for tooth. The same injury that one gives another shall be inflicted in return.#Ex 21:23–25; Dt 19:21; Mt 5:38. 21Whoever takes the life of an animal shall make restitution, but whoever takes a human life shall be put to death. 22You shall have but one rule, for alien and native-born alike.#Lv 19:34; Ex 12:49; Nm 15:16. I, the Lord, am your God.
23When Moses told this to the Israelites, they took the blasphemer outside the camp and stoned him;#Acts 7:57–58. they did just as the Lord commanded Moses.
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Leviticus 24
24
Leviticus 24
1¶ And the Lord spoke unto Moses, saying,
2Command the sons of Israel that they bring unto thee pure oil olive beaten for the light, to cause the lamps to burn continually.
3Outside the veil of the testimony, in the tabernacle of the testimony, shall Aaron order it from the evening unto the morning before the Lord continually; it shall be a perpetual statute for all your ages.
4He shall order the lamps upon the pure lampstand before the Lord continually.
5And thou shalt take fine flour and bake twelve cakes thereof; each cake shall be of two-tenth deals.
6And thou shalt set them in two orders, six in each order, upon the clean table before the Lord.
7And thou shalt put pure frankincense upon each order, that it may be on the bread for an aroma and incense unto the Lord.
8Every sabbath he shall set it in order before the Lord continually: an everlasting covenant of the sons of Israel.
9And it shall belong to Aaron and his sons, and they shall eat it in the holy place, for it is most holy unto him of the offerings of the Lord on fire, by a perpetual statute.
10¶ In that season the son of an Israelite woman, whose father was an Egyptian, went out among the sons of Israel; and this son of the Israelite woman and a man of Israel strove together in the camp;
11and the Israelite woman’s son pronounced the Name and cursed; and they brought him unto Moses. And his mother’s name was Shelomith, the daughter of Dibri, of the tribe of Dan.
12And they put him in ward that the mind of the Lord might be showed them.
13And the Lord spoke unto Moses, saying,
14Bring forth the one that has blasphemed outside the camp and let all that heard him lay their hands upon his head, and let all the congregation stone him.
15And thou shalt speak unto the sons of Israel, saying, The man that speaks evil of his God shall bear his sin.
16And he that pronounces the name of the Lord shall surely be put to death; all the congregation shall certainly stone him; the same with the stranger as with the natural, if he pronounces the Name, he shall be put to death.
17Likewise he that kills any man shall surely be put to death.
18And he that kills an animal shall make it good: animal for animal.
19And if a man causes a blemish in his neighbour; as he has done, so shall it be done to him;
20breach for breach, eye for eye, tooth for tooth: as he has caused a blemish in a man, so shall it be done to him again.
21He that kills an animal shall restore it, but he that kills a man shall be put to death.
22Ye shall have one manner of law: as for the stranger, so shall it be for the natural; for I am the Lord your God.
23And Moses spoke to the sons of Israel that they should bring forth the one that had blasphemed out of the camp and stone him with stones. And the sons of Israel did as the Lord commanded Moses.
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The Jubilee Bible 2000 (JUB) by Ransom Press International