2 Samuel 21
21
Avenging the Gibeonites
1There was a famine for three years in a row during David’s rule. David asked the LORD about this, and the LORD said, “It is caused by Saul and his household, who are guilty of bloodshed because he killed the people of Gibeon.” 2So the king called for the Gibeonites and spoke to them.
(Now the Gibeonites weren’t Israelites but were survivors of the Amorites. The Israelites had sworn a solemn pledge to spare them, but Saul tried to eliminate them in his enthusiasm for the people of Israel and Judah.)
3David said to the Gibeonites, “What can I do for you? How can I fix matters so you can benefit from the LORD’s inheritance?”
4The Gibeonites said to him, “We don’t want any silver or gold from Saul or his family, and it isn’t our right to have anyone in Israel killed.”
“What do you want?”#21.4 LXXL, OL; MT What are you saying? David asked. “I’ll do it for you.”
5“Okay then,” they said to the king. “That man who opposed and oppressed#21.5 LXXB; MT annihilated us us, who planned to destroy us, keeping us from having a place to live anywhere in Israel— 6hand over seven of his sons to us, and we will hang them before the LORD at Gibeon#21.6 Correction; cf LXX and 21:9; MT at Gibeah of Saul, the LORD’s chosen one on the LORD’s mountain.”
“I will hand them over,” the king said.
7But the king spared Mephibosheth, Jonathan’s son and Saul’s grandson, because of the LORD’s solemn pledge that was between them—between David and Saul’s son Jonathan. 8So the king took the two sons of Aiah’s daughter Rizpah, Armoni and Mephibosheth, whom she had birthed for Saul; and the five sons of Saul’s daughter Merab,#21.8 LXXLN; MT Michal (but cf 2 Sam 6:23) whom she birthed for Adriel, Barzillai’s son, who was from Meholah, 9and he handed them over to the Gibeonites. They hanged them on the mountain before the LORD. The seven of them died at the same time. They were executed in the first days of the harvest, at the beginning of the barley harvest.
10Aiah’s daughter Rizpah took funeral clothing and spread it out by herself on a rock. She stayed there from the beginning of the harvest until the rains poured down on the bodies from the sky, and she wouldn’t let any birds of prey land on the bodies during the day or let wild animals come at nighttime. 11When David was told what Aiah’s daughter Rizpah, Saul’s secondary wife, had done, 12he went and retrieved the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan from the citizens of Jabesh-gilead, who had stolen the bones from the public square in Beth-shan, where the Philistines had hanged them on the day the Philistines killed Saul at Gilboa. 13David brought the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan from there and collected the bones of the men who had been hanged by the Gibeonites. 14The bones of Saul and his son Jonathan were then buried in Zela, in Benjaminite territory, in the tomb of Saul’s father Kish. Once everything the king had commanded was done, God responded to prayers for the land.
War with the Philistines
15Once again war broke out between the Philistines and Israel. David and the soldiers who were with him went down and fought the Philistines. When David grew tired, 16Ishbi-benob, a descendant of the Raphah,#21.16 Or giants; also in 21:18, 20, 22 planned on killing David.#21.16 LXX Joash’s son Dodo, a descendant of the Raphah (see previous note), captured David. The weight of his spear was three hundred shekels of bronze, and he was wearing new armor. 17But Zeruiah’s son Abishai came to David’s aid, striking the Philistine down and killing him. Then David’s men swore a solemn pledge to him: “You will never march out to battle with us again! You must not snuff out Israel’s lamp!”
18Some time later, another battle with the Philistines took place at Gob. Then Sibbecai from Hushah killed Saph, a descendant of the Raphah. 19There was yet another battle with the Philistines at Gob; and Elhanan, Jair’s son#21.19 See 1 Chron 20:5, LXXLMN (cf 2 Sam 23:24); Heb Jaare-oregim. from Bethlehem, killed Goliath from Gath, whose spear shaft was as strong as the bar on a weaver’s loom. 20In another battle at Gath, there was a huge#21.20 See 1 Chron 20:6; MT a Midianite or a combative man. man who had six fingers on his hands and six toes on his feet, twenty-four in all. He too was descended from the Raphah. 21When he insulted Israel, Jonathan, who was the son of David’s brother Shimei, killed him. 22These four Philistines were descended from the Raphah in Gath, and they fell by the hands of David and his servants.
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2 Samuel 21: CEB
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2011 Common English Bible. All rights reserved.
2 Samuel 21
21
The Gibeonites Hang Saul's Descendants
1While David was king, there were three years in a row when the nation of Israel could not grow enough food. So David asked the Lord for help, and the Lord answered, “Saul and his family are guilty of murder, because he had the Gibeonites killed.”
2 #
Js 9.3-15. The Gibeonites were not Israelites; they were descendants of the Amorites. The people of Israel had promised not to kill them,#21.2 promised … them: See Joshua 9.3-27. but Saul had tried to kill them because he wanted Israel and Judah to control all the land.
David had the Gibeonites come, and he talked with them. 3He said, “What can I do to make up for what Saul did, so that you'll ask the Lord to be kind to his people again?”#21.3 ask … again: Saul's guilt had become a curse on Israel that had resulted in famine. For the effects of this curse to be removed, the Gibeonites would have to ask the Lord to be kind to Israel.
4The Gibeonites answered, “Silver and gold from Saul and his family are not enough. On the other hand, we don't have the right to put any Israelite to death.”
David said, “I'll do whatever you ask.”#21.4 I'll … ask: Or “What are you asking me to do for you?”
5They replied, “Saul tried to kill all our people so that none of us would be left in the land of Israel. 6Give us seven of his descendants. We will hang#21.6 hang: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text. these men near the place where the Lord is worshiped in Gibeah, the hometown of Saul, the Lord's chosen king.”
“I'll give them to you,” David said.
7 #
1 S 20.14-17; 2 S 9.1-7. David had made a promise to Jonathan with the Lord as his witness, so he spared Jonathan's son Mephibosheth, the grandson of Saul. 8#1 S 18.19. But Saul and Rizpah the daughter of Aiah had two sons named Armoni and Mephibosheth. Saul's daughter Merab#21.8 Merab: Some Hebrew manuscripts and some manuscripts of one ancient translation. Most other manuscripts have “Michal,” Saul's daughter who was one of David's wives, but she never had any children (see 2 Samuel 6.23). According to 1 Samuel 18.19, Merab was Saul's daughter, and she married Adriel from Meholah. had five sons whose father was Adriel the son of Barzillai from Meholah.#21.8 Meholah: Also known as Abel-Meholah. David took Rizpah's two sons and Merab's five sons and 9turned them over to the Gibeonites, who hanged#21.9 hanged: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text. all seven of them on the mountain near the place where the Lord was worshiped. This happened right at the beginning of the barley harvest.#21.9 This … harvest: This would have been late in April.
Rizpah Takes Care of the Bodies
10Rizpah spread out some sackcloth#21.10 sackcloth: See the note at 3.31. on a nearby rock. She wouldn't let the birds land on the bodies during the day, and she kept the wild animals away at night. She stayed there from the beginning of the harvest until it started to rain.#21.10 started to rain: This may have been the beginning of the rainy season in September or October. It usually didn't rain from May to September. Or, it may have been a sign that now there would be enough rain again.
The Burial of Saul and His Descendants
11-12 #
1 S 31.8-13. Earlier the Philistines had killed Saul and Jonathan on Mount Gilboa and had hung their bodies in the town square at Beth-Shan. The people of Jabesh in Gilead had secretly taken the bodies away, but David found out what Saul's wife#21.11,12 wife: See the note at 3.7. Rizpah had done, and he went to the leaders of Jabesh to get the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan. 13-14David had their bones taken to the land of Benjamin and buried in a side room in Saul's family burial place. Then he gave orders for the bones of the men who had been hanged#21.13,14 hanged: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text. to be buried there. It was done, and God answered prayers to bless the land.
The Descendants of the Rephaim
(1 Chronicles 20.4-8)
15One time David got very tired when he and his soldiers were fighting the Philistines. 16One of the Philistine warriors was Ishbibenob, who was a descendant of the Rephaim,#21.16 Rephaim: This may refer to a group of people that lived in Palestine before the Israelites and who were famous for their large size. and he tried to kill David. Ishbibenob was armed with a new sword,#21.16 new sword: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text. and his bronze spearhead#21.16 spearhead: Or “helmet.” alone weighed about three and a half kilograms. 17#1 K 11.36; Ps 132.17. But Abishai#21.17 Abishai: David's nephew, the brother of Joab. came to the rescue and killed the Philistine.
David's soldiers told him, “We can't let you risk your life in battle anymore! You give light to our nation, and we want that flame to keep burning.”
18There was another battle with the Philistines at Gob, where Sibbecai from Hushah killed a descendant of the Rephaim named Saph.
19There was still another battle with the Philistines at Gob. A soldier named Elhanan killed Goliath#21.19 Goliath: According to 1 Chronicles 20.5, Elhanan killed the brother of Goliath. from Gath, whose spear shaft was like a weaver's beam.#21.19 weaver's beam: A large wooden rod used by a weaver when making cloth. Elhanan's father was Jari#21.19 Jari: Or “Jaare.” from Bethlehem.
20There was another war, this time in Gath. One of the enemy soldiers was a descendant of the Rephaim. He was as big as a giant and had six fingers on each hand and six toes on each foot. 21But when he made fun of Israel, David's nephew Jonathan killed him. Jonathan was the son of David's brother Shimei.
22David and his soldiers killed these four men who were descendants of the Rephaim from Gath.
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