Exodus 34
34
1The Lord told Moses, “Cut out two stone tablets like the first ones, and I will write on them again the same words that were on the first tablets—the ones you broke. 2Get ready in the morning, and then come up Mount Sinai. Stand before me there on the mountain top. 3Nobody else can come up with you—I don't want to see anyone anywhere on the mountain, and no flocks or herds should graze at the foot of the mountain.”
4So Moses cut out two stone tablets like the previous ones and went up Mount Sinai early in the morning as the Lord had ordered him, taking with him the two stone tablets. 5The Lord descended in a cloud, stood there with him, and called out the name “Yahweh.”
6The Lord passed in front of him, calling out, “Yahweh! Yahweh! I am the God of grace and mercy! I am slow to become angry, full of trustworthy love and always faithful. 7I go on showing my trustworthy love to thousands, forgiving guilt, rebellion, and sin. But I will definitely not clear the wicked—the impact of sin will affect not only the parents, but also their children and grandchildren, up until the third and fourth generation.”
8Moses quickly bowed down to the ground, and worshiped. 9He said, “Lord, if it's true that you're happy with me, please accompany us. Admittedly this is a rebellious people, but please forgive our guilt and sin. Accept us as specially belonging to you.”
10The Lord said, “Look, I'm making an agreement with you. Right in front of all of you I will do miracles that have never been done before—not among anyone anywhere on earth. Everyone here and those around will see the Lord at work, for what I'm going to do for you will be incredible. 11But you must carefully follow what I tell you to do today. Pay attention! I'm going to drive out ahead of you the Amorites, Canaanites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites. 12Make sure you don't agree to a peace treaty#34:12. “Agree to a peace treaty”: the word is the same as the “agreement” with God in verse 10. Also in verse 15. with the people living in the land where you are going. Otherwise they will become a trap for you. 13For you must tear down their altars, knock down their idolatrous pillars, and cut down their Asherah poles, 14because you must not worship any other gods than the Lord. His name stands for being exclusive,#34:14. “Being exclusive”: literally “jealous,” however this in human terms has become associated with envy and resentment. God is “jealous” in wanting to be the only God who is worshiped. because he is a God who demands an exclusive relationship.
15Make sure you don't agree to a peace treaty with the people living in the land, for when they prostitute themselves by worshiping and sacrificing to their gods, they will invite you to join them, and you will eat from their pagan sacrifices. 16When you have their daughters marry your sons and those daughters prostitute themselves to their gods, they will make your sons worship their gods in the same way. 17Don't make any idols for yourselves.
18Observe the Festival of Unleavened Bread. For seven days you are to eat bread made without yeast, as I ordered you to do. You are to do this at the specified time in the month of Abib, because that was the month when you left Egypt. 19Every firstborn is mine. That includes all the firstborn males of your livestock from your cattle herds, and flocks. 20You can redeem the firstborn of a donkey with a lamb, but if you don't, you must break its neck. All your firstborn sons must be redeemed. No one is to come before me without an offering. 21You shall work for six days, but you shall rest on the seventh day. Even during the times of sowing and harvest you shall rest.
22Observe the Festival of Weeks when you offer the firstfruits of wheat harvest, and the Harvest Festival at the end of the agricultural year. 23Three times every year all your males must appear before the Lord Yahweh, the God of Israel. 24I will drive out the nations ahead of you and expand your borders, and no one will come and take your land when you go three times a year to appear before the Lord your God. 25Don't offer bread made with yeast when you present a sacrifice to me, don't keep any sacrifice from the Passover Feast until the morning. 26When you harvest your crops, bring the firstfruits to the house of the Lord your God.
Don't cook a young goat in milk from its mother.”
27Then the Lord told Moses, “Write down these words, because these are the basis for the agreement I have made with you and with Israel.”
28Moses spent forty days and forty nights there with the Lord without eating bread or drinking water. He wrote down on the tablets the words of the agreement, the Ten Commandments. 29When Moses came down from Mount Sinai carrying the two tablets of the Law, he didn't realize that his face was shining brightly because he had been speaking with the Lord. 30When Aaron and the Israelites saw Moses with his face shining so brightly they were frightened to approach him.
31But Moses called out to them, so Aaron and all the community leaders went over to him, and he talked with them. 32Afterwards all the Israelites came over and he gave them all the Lord's instructions he'd received on Mount Sinai. 33After Moses finished talking with them, he put a veil over his face. 34However, whenever Moses went in to talk with the Lord, he would take off the veil until he came out again. Then he would tell the Israelites the Lord's instructions, 35and the Israelites would see his face shining brightly. So he would put the veil over his face until the next time he went to talk with the Lord.
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Exodus 34: FBV
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Dr. Jonathan Gallagher. Released under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 Unported License. Version 4.3. For corrections send email to jonathangallagherfbv@gmail.com
Exodus 34
34
New Stone Tablets
1The Lord said to Moses, “Cut two stone tablets like the first ones, and I will write on them the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke.#Ex 32:19; 34:28; Dt 10:2,4 2Be prepared by morning. Come up Mount Sinai in the morning and stand before me on the mountaintop. 3No one may go up with you; in fact, no one should be seen anywhere on the mountain. Even the flocks and herds are not to graze in front of that mountain.”#Ex 19:12–13,20–21
4Moses cut two stone tablets like the first ones. He got up early in the morning, and taking the two stone tablets in his hand, he climbed Mount Sinai, just as the Lord had commanded him.
5The Lord came down in a cloud, stood with him there, and proclaimed his name, “the Lord.” 6The Lord passed in front of him and proclaimed:
The Lord — the Lord is a compassionate and gracious God, slow to anger and abounding in faithful love and truth,#Nm 14:18; Neh 9:17; Ps 86:15; 103:8; 108:4; Jl 2:13; Rm 2:4 7maintaining faithful love to a thousand generations, forgiving iniquity, rebellion, and sin.#Ex 20:6; Ps 103:3; 130:4; Dn 9:9; 1Jn 1:9 But he will not leave the guilty#Jos 24:19; Jb 10:14; Nah 1:3 unpunished, bringing the consequences of the fathers’ iniquity on the children and grandchildren to the third and fourth generation.
8Moses immediately knelt low on the ground and worshiped. 9Then he said, “My Lord, if I have indeed found favor with you, my Lord, please go with us (even though this is a stiff-necked people), forgive our iniquity and our sin, and accept us as your own possession.”#Ex 33:15–16; Ps 33:12; 94:14
Covenant Obligations
10And the Lord responded, “Look, I am making a covenant. In the presence of all your people I will perform wonders that have never been done#34:10 Lit created in the whole earth or in any nation. All the people you live among will see the Lord’s work, for what I am doing with you is awe-inspiring.#Dt 4:32; 5:2; Ps 77:14; 145:6 11Observe what I command you today. I am going to drive out before you the Amorites, Canaanites, Hethites, Perizzites, Hivites,#34:11 DSS, Sam, LXX add Girgashites and Jebusites. 12Be careful not to make a treaty with the inhabitants of the land that you are going to enter; otherwise, they will become a snare among you.#Ex 23:32–33; 33:2 13Instead, you must tear down their altars, smash their sacred pillars, and chop down their Asherah poles.#Ex 23:24; Dt 12:3; 2Kg 18:4; 2Ch 34:3–4 14Because the Lord is jealous#Ex 20:3,5; Dt 4:24 for his reputation, you are never to bow down to another god.#34:14 Or the Lord — his name is Jealous or the Lord, being jealous by nature He is a jealous God.
15“Do not make a treaty with the inhabitants of the land, or else when they prostitute themselves with their gods and sacrifice to their gods, they will invite you, and you will eat their sacrifices.#Nm 25:2; Jdg 2:17; 1Co 8:4,7,10 16Then you will take some of their daughters as brides for your sons. Their daughters will prostitute themselves with their gods and cause your sons to prostitute themselves with their gods.#Dt 7:3; 1Kg 11:2,4; Ezr 9:2; Neh 13:25
17“Do not make cast images#Ex 32:8; Lv 19:14 of gods for yourselves.
18“Observe the Festival of Unleavened Bread. You are to eat unleavened bread for seven days at the appointed time in the month of Abib,#34:18 March–April; called Nisan in the post-exilic period; Neh 2:1; Est 3:7 as I commanded you, for you came out of Egypt in the month of Abib.#Ex 12:15; 13:4
19“The firstborn#Ex 13:2; 22:29 male from every womb belongs to me, including all your male#34:19 LXX, Theod, Vg, Tg read males#34:19 Hb obscure livestock, the firstborn of cattle or sheep. 20You may redeem the firstborn of a donkey with a sheep, but if you do not redeem it, break its neck.#Ex 13:13,15; 23:15; Dt 16:16 You must redeem all the firstborn of your sons. No one is to appear before me empty-handed.
21“You are to labor six days but you must rest#Ex 20:9; Lk 13:14 on the seventh day; you must even rest during plowing and harvesting times.
22“Observe the Festival of Weeks with the firstfruits of the wheat harvest, and the Festival of Ingathering#34:22 The Festival of Ingathering is called Festival of Shelters elsewhere; Lv 23:34–36. at the turn of the agricultural year. 23Three times a year#Ex 23:14 all your males are to appear before the Lord God, the God of Israel. 24For I will drive out nations#Ex 33:2; Ps 78:55 before you and enlarge your territory.#Dt 12:20; 19:8 No one will covet your land when you go up three times a year to appear before the Lord your God.
25“Do not present#34:25 Lit slaughter the blood for my sacrifice with anything leavened. The sacrifice of the Passover Festival must not remain until morning.#Ex 12:10; 23:18
26“Bring the best firstfruits#Ex 23:19; Dt 26:2 of your land to the house of the Lord your God.
“You must not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk.”
27The Lord also said to Moses, “Write#Ex 17:14; 24:4 down these words, for I have made a covenant with you and with Israel based on these words.”
28Moses was there with the Lord forty days and forty nights; he did not eat food or drink water. He wrote the Ten Commandments,#Ex 24:18; 31:18; Dt 4:13; 10:2,4 the words of the covenant, on the tablets.
Moses’s Radiant Face
29As Moses descended from Mount Sinai — with the two tablets of the testimony in his hands as he descended the mountain — he did not realize that the skin of his face shone as a result of his speaking with the Lord.#34:29 Lit with him#Ex 32:15 30When Aaron and all the Israelites saw Moses, the skin of his face shone!#Ps 34:5; Mt 17:2; 2Co 3:7,13 They were afraid to come near him. 31But Moses called out to them, so Aaron and all the leaders of the community returned to him, and Moses spoke to them. 32Afterward all the Israelites came near, and he commanded them to do everything the Lord had told him on Mount Sinai. 33When Moses had finished speaking with them, he put a veil over his face. 34But whenever Moses went before the Lord to speak with him, he would remove the veil until he came out. After he came out, he would tell the Israelites what he had been commanded,#Ex 24:3; 2Co 3:13–16 35and the Israelites would see that Moses’s face#34:35 Lit see Moses’s face, that the skin of his face was radiant. Then Moses would put the veil over his face again until he went to speak with the Lord.
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