Romans 13

A Christian’s Duties to the State

1Let everyone submit to the governing authorities, # 13:1 Ti 3:1; 1Pt 2:13 since there is no authority except from God, # 13:1 Dn 2:21; 4:17; Jn 19:1 and the authorities that exist are instituted by God. 2So then, the one who resists the authority is opposing God’s command, and those who oppose it will bring judgment on themselves. 3For rulers are not a terror # 13:3 1Pt 2:14 to good conduct, but to bad. Do you want to be unafraid of the one in authority? Do what is good, and you will have its approval. 4For it is God’s servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, because it does not carry the sword for no reason. For it is God’s servant, an avenger # 13:4 1Th 4:6 that brings wrath on the one who does wrong. 5Therefore, you must submit, not only because of wrath but also because of your conscience. # 13:5 1Pt 2:13,19 6And for this reason you pay taxes, since the authorities are God’s servants, continually attending to these tasks. # 13:6 Lit to this very thing 7Pay your obligations # 13:7 Mt 22:21 to everyone: taxes to those you owe taxes, # 13:7 Lk 20:22; 23:2 tolls to those you owe tolls, respect to those you owe respect, # 13:7 Mt 17:25 and honor to those you owe honor.

Love, Our Primary Duty

8Do not owe anyone anything, except to love one another, for the one who loves another has fulfilled the law. # 13:8 Mt 7:12; 22:39; Jn 13:34; Rm 12:10; Gl 5:14; Jms 2:8 9The commandments, Do not commit adultery; do not murder; do not steal; # 13:9 Other mss add do not bear false witness do not covet; # 13:9 Ex 20:13–17; Dt 5:17–21,# 13:9 Ex 20:13–17; Dt 5:17–21 and any other commandment, are summed up by this commandment: Love your neighbor as yourself. # 13:9 Lv 19:18,# 13:9 Lv 19:18; Mt 19:19 10Love does no wrong to a neighbor. Love, therefore, is the fulfillment of the law.

Put On Christ

11Besides this, since you know the time, it is already the hour # 13:11 1Co 7:29; 10:11; Jms 5:8; 1Pt 4:7; 2Pt 3:9,11; 1Jn 2:18; Rv 1:3; 22:10 for you # 13:11 Other mss read for us to wake up from sleep, # 13:11 Mk 13:37; 1Co 15:34; Eph 5:14; 1Th 5:6 because now our salvation is nearer than when we first believed. # 13:11 Ac 19:2; 1Co 3:5; 15:2 12The night is nearly over, and the day is near; # 13:12 Heb 10:25; 1Jn 2:8; Rv 1:3; 22:10 so let us discard the deeds of darkness # 13:12 Eph 5:11 and put on the armor of light. # 13:12 2Co 6:7; 10:4; Eph 6:11,13; 1Th 5:8 13Let us walk with decency, # 13:13 1Th 4:12 as in the daytime: not in carousing and drunkenness; # 13:13 Lk 21:34; Gl 5:21; Eph 5:18; 1Pt 4:3 not in sexual impurity and promiscuity; not in quarreling and jealousy. 14But put on the Lord Jesus Christ, # 13:14 Jb 29:14; Gl 3:27; Eph 4:24; Col 3:10,12 and make no provision for the flesh to gratify its desires. # 13:14 Gl 5:16; 1Pt 2:11

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Romans 13

1Let kol nefesh (every soul, person) be subject to the official governing authorities. For there is no memshalah (government) except given by Hashem, and the powers that be have been established by G-d. 2So then, he who opposes the authority has resisted the ordinance, official decree of G-d; and those who resist shall receive mishpat (judgment) on themselves. 3For rulers are not a cause of pachad (terror) to hitnahagut (conduct) that is of HaTov but HaRah. Do you want to be without pachad of memshalah (government)? Do HaTov, and you will have the commendation of the representative of the memshalah. 4For he is the mesharet (minister, servant) of Hashem to you for HaTov. But if you do HaRah, be afraid. For he does not bear the cherev#13:4 Ro 8:35 to no purpose. For he is the mesharet of Hashem, an avenger for Charon Af#13:4 Ro 1:18; 2:8; 3:5; 4:15; 5:9; 9:22; 12:19; 13:4 against the evildoer. 5Wherefore it is necessary to be subject, not only on account of the Charon Af of Hashem, but also on account of matzpun (conscience). 6For that is why you also pay tribute (taxes). For they are mesharetim of G-d engaged in this very task. 7Render to everyone their due: tribute to whom tribute is due, tax to whom tax; fear to whom fear is due, respect to whom respect.

8Owe (be indebted, obligated) nothing to anyone except a choiv (debt) of ahavah (love); for he who has ahavah has fulfilled the Torah. 9For the mitzvoh, LO TIN'AF, LO TIRTZACH, LO TIGNOV, LO TACHMOD,#13:9 Ex 20:13-15,17; Dt 5:17-19,21 and any other of the mitzvot (commandments) is akitzur (restated, in summary) in this dvar Torah, V'AHAVTA L'RE'ACHA KAMOCHA (You shall love your neighbor as yourself).#13:9 Lv 19:18 10Ahavah (agape) does no wrong to the re'a (neighbor); therefore the fulfillment of the Torah is ahavah.

11Besides this, you have da'as of the zman, that it is already the hour for you to wake up from sheynah (sleep), for now is Yeshu'at Eloheinu nearer than when we became ma'aminim (believers). 12The Lailah (Night, of the old epoch) is far advanced, and HaYom#13:12 Yom HaDin, the Day of Judgment is imminent, at hand. Let us therefore take off the dark cloak of the deeds of choshech, ridding ourselves of it, and let us put on the neshek (weapons)#13:12 Ro 6:13 of Ohr (light). 13Let us conduct ourselves decently as in HaYom (The Day), not in carousing and shichrut (drunkenness), not in zenut (fornication) and debauchery and zimmah (licentiousness), not in merivah (strife) and quarreling and anochiyut (selfishness) and kinah (jealousy). 14But put on Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach Yehoshua Adoneinu and make no provision for the basar (old fallen nature), to satisfy its ta'avot (lusts).

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