Leviticus 5
5
Cases Requiring Sin Offerings
1“When someone sins in any of these ways:
If he has seen, heard, or known about something he has witnessed, and did not respond to a public call to testify, he will bear his iniquity.#Gn 4:13; Ex 20:5; Lv 16:21–22; Nm 5:15,31; Dt 19:15
2Or if someone touches anything unclean#Lv 11:4; Nm 19:13 — a carcass of an unclean wild animal,#Lv 26:6 or unclean livestock, or an unclean swarming creature#Lv 11:24–40; Dt 14:8 — without being aware of it, he is unclean and incurs guilt.#Nm 5:6; Ps 68:21
3Or if he touches human uncleanness#Lv 14:19 — any uncleanness by which one can become defiled#Lv 11:24 — without being aware of it, but later recognizes it, he incurs guilt.
4Or if someone swears rashly#Ps 106:33; Pr 12:18 to do what is good or evil — concerning anything a person may speak rashly in an oath — without being aware of it, but later recognizes it, he incurs guilt in such an instance.
5If someone incurs guilt in one of these cases, he is to confess#Lv 16:21 he has committed that sin. 6He must bring his penalty for guilt#Lv 14:12 for the sin he has committed to the Lord: a female lamb or goat from the flock as a sin offering. In this way the priest will make atonement#Ex 30:15 on his behalf for his sin.
7“But if he cannot afford an animal from the flock, then he may bring to the Lord two turtledoves or two young pigeons#Lv 1:14 as penalty for guilt for his sin — one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering. 8He is to bring them to the priest, who will first present the one for the sin offering. He is to twist its head at the back of the neck without severing it.#Gn 15:10; Lv 1:15,17 9Then he will sprinkle some of the blood of the sin offering on the side of the altar, while the rest of the blood is to be drained out at the base of the altar;#Lv 4:25,30 it is a sin offering. 10He will prepare the second bird as a burnt offering according to the regulation.#Lv 1:14–17 In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf for the sin he has committed, and he will be forgiven.
11“But if he cannot afford two turtledoves or two young pigeons,#Lk 2:24 he may bring two quarts#5:11 Lit one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour#5:11 Lit flour as a sin offering#Lv 2:1 as an offering for his sin. He must not put olive oil or frankincense on it, for it is a sin offering. 12He is to bring it to the priest, who will take a handful from it as its memorial portion#Lv 2:2 and burn it on the altar along with the food offerings to the Lord; it is a sin offering. 13In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf concerning the sin he has committed in any of these cases, and he will be forgiven. The rest will belong to the priest, like the grain offering.”#Lv 2:3,10
The Guilt Offering
14Then the Lord spoke to Moses: 15“If someone offends#Dt 32:51 by sinning unintentionally#Nm 15:24 in regard to any of the Lord’s holy things,#5:15 Things dedicated to the Lord he must bring his penalty for guilt to the Lord: an unblemished ram from the flock (based on your assessment of its value in silver shekels, according to the sanctuary shekel#Lv 27:3; Nm 3:47) as a guilt offering. 16He is to make restitution#Lv 14:12; 24:18 for his sin regarding any holy#Lv 25:12 thing, adding a fifth of its value to it,#Lv 27:13 and give it to the priest. Then the priest will make atonement on his behalf with the ram of the guilt offering, and he will be forgiven.#Lv 4:20,26,31,35; 6:7
17“If someone sins and without knowing it violates any of the Lord’s commands concerning anything prohibited, he is guilty, and he will bear his iniquity. 18He must bring an unblemished ram from the flock according to your assessment of its value as a guilt offering to the priest. Then the priest will make atonement on his behalf for the error he has committed unintentionally, and he will be forgiven. 19It is a guilt offering; he is indeed guilty before the Lord.”
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Leviticus 5: CSB
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© 2017 Holman Bible Publishers
Leviticus 5
5
1“If you sin by not giving the evidence you have about a legal case, whether you saw something yourself or heard about it, you bear responsibility for your guilt. 2If you touch anything unclean such as the dead body of any unclean#5:2. The concept of ceremonial uncleanness is frequent here and in other books of the Old Testament. It is primarily a “religious” concept but does have a basis in some areas related to aspects of health and hygiene. wild animal or farm animal or vermin, even if you're unaware of it, you become unclean and guilty. 3If you touch something unclean from someone else who is unclean, even if you're unaware of it, you become guilty. 4If you foolishly swear to do something (whether good or bad, and in whatever way people impulsively swear an oath), even if you're unaware of it being wrong, when you eventually realize it, you are guilty.
5If you become guilty in one of these ways, you must confess your sin, 6and you must take your guilt offering of a female lamb or goat to the Lord as a sin offering for your sin. The priest will make your sin right.
7If you can't afford a lamb, you may offer to the Lord as compensation for your sin two turtledoves or two young pigeons, one as a sin offering and one as a burnt offering. 8You are to take them to the priest, who shall present the first one as the sin offering. He is to wring its head from the neck without removing it completely. 9Then he is to sprinkle some of the blood of the sin offering on the side of the altar while the rest of the blood is poured out at the bottom of the altar. It is a sin offering. 10The priest must then prepare the second bird as a burnt offering according to the regulations. In this way the priest will make you right for your sin, and you will be forgiven.
11If you can't afford two turtledoves or two young pigeons you may bring a tenth of an ephah of the best flour as a sin offering. Don't put olive oil or frankincense on it, because it is a sin offering. 12Take it to the priest, who shall take a handful as a ‘reminder part’ and burn it on the altar on top of the burnt offerings to the Lord. It is a sin offering. 13This is how the priest will make right any of these sins you have committed, and you will be forgiven. The rest of the offering will belong to the priest, just like the grain offering.”
14The Lord told Moses, 15“If any of you neglects unintentionally anything that the Lord has declared belong to him and are holy,#5:15. This would include everything the Lord has said his people must give to him, including for example firstfruits, tithes, the firstborn etc. you must bring your guilt offering to the Lord: a ram without defects from your herd or the equivalent value in silver shekels (according to the sanctuary shekel standard). It is a guilt offering. 16As regards any holy requirement you failed to contribute, you must pay compensation by adding a fifth of its value to it and then give it to the priest, who will make it right for you with the ram as a guilt offering, and you will be forgiven.
17If you sin and break any of the Lord's commandments, even if you are unaware of it, you are still guilty and bear responsibility for your guilt. 18You must take to the priest a ram without defects of the appropriate value from the flock as a guilt offering. Then the priest will make right for you the wrong you did in ignorance, and you will be forgiven. 19It is a guilt offering because you were guilty as far as the Lord was concerned.”
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Dr. Jonathan Gallagher. Released under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 Unported License. Version 4.3. For corrections send email to jonathangallagherfbv@gmail.com