Hosea 12

God’s Case against Jacob’s Heirs

1Ephraim chases # 12:1 Or grazes on, or tends the wind # 12:1 Jr 22:22; Hs 4:19

and pursues the east wind. # 12:1 Gn 41:6; Ezk 17:10

He continually multiplies lies and violence.

He makes a covenant with Assyria, # 12:1 Hs 5:13; 7:11; 8:9

and olive oil is carried to Egypt. # 12:1 2Kg 17:4

2The Lord also has a dispute with Judah.

He is about to punish Jacob according to his conduct; # 12:2 Hs 4:9; 7:2

he will repay him based on his actions.

3In the womb he grasped his brother’s heel, # 12:3 Gn 25:26; 27:36

and as an adult he wrestled with God. # 12:3 Gn 32:24–28

4Jacob struggled with the angel and prevailed;

he wept and sought his favor. # 12:4 Gn 32:26

He found him at Bethel, # 12:4 Gn 28:13–15; 35:10–15

and there he spoke with him. # 12:4 LXX, Syr; MT reads us,# 12:4 Gn 28:10–22; 35:1–14

5The Lord is the God of Armies;

the Lord is his name. # 12:5 Ex 3:15

6But you must return to your God. # 12:6 Hs 6:1–3; 10:12

Maintain love and justice, # 12:6 Hs 6:6

and always put your hope in God. # 12:6 Mc 7:7

7A merchant loves to extort # 12:7 Hs 7:14

with dishonest scales in his hands. # 12:7 Pr 11:1; Am 8:5; Mc 6:11

8But Ephraim thinks,

“How rich I have become; # 12:8 Ps 62:10; Hs 13:6

I made it all myself.

In all my earnings,

no one can find any iniquity in me # 12:8 Hs 4:8; 14:1; Am 3:15; 6:4–6

that I can be punished for! ” # 12:8 Lit iniquity which is sin

Judgment on Apostate Israel

9I have been the Lord your God

ever since # 12:9 LXX reads God who brought you out of the land of Egypt. # 12:9 Hs 11:1; 13:3

I will make you live in tents again, # 12:9 Lv 23:42

as in the festival days.

10I will speak through the prophets # 12:10 Jr 7:25

and grant many visions;

I will give parables through the prophets. # 12:10 Ezk 17:2; 20:49

11Since Gilead is full of evil, # 12:11 Hs 6:8

they will certainly come to nothing.

They sacrifice bulls in Gilgal; # 12:11 Hs 4:15; 9:15

even their altars will be like piles of rocks # 12:11 Hs 8:11; 10:1–2

on the furrows of a field.

Further Indictment of Jacob’s Heirs

12Jacob fled to the territory of Aram. # 12:12 Gn 28:5

Israel worked to earn a wife; # 12:12 Gn 29:20

he tended flocks for a wife. # 12:12 Gn 29:1–20

13The Lord brought Israel from Egypt by a prophet, # 12:13 Ex 14:19–22; Is 63:11–14

and Israel was tended by a prophet.

14Ephraim has provoked bitter anger, # 12:14 2Kg 17:7–18

so his Lord will leave his bloodguilt on him # 12:14 Ezk 18:10–13

and repay him for his contempt. # 12:14 Dn 11:18; Mc 6:16

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Hosea 12: CSB

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Hoshea 12

1 Ephrayim compasseth Me about with kachash (lies),

and Bais Yisroel with mirmar (deceit);#12:1a See Isa 53:9 which says Moshiach will have no mirmar

but Yehudah still is unruly against El,

and against Kadoshim (Holy One);#12:1b See Prov 9:10 Who is ne'eman.

2 Ephrayim feedeth on wind, and chasing after the east wind;

he daily increaseth kazav (lies) and sod (desolation);

and cuts brit with the Assyrians,

and shemen is sent to Mitzrayim.

3 Hashem hath also a charge against Yehudah,

and will visit punishment on Ya'akov according to his ways;

according to his doings will He repay him.

4 In the beten (womb) he (Ya'akov) akav (took at the heel) [of] his brother

and by his strength he sarah (struggled with, persevered) with Elohim;

5 Yea, he (Yisroel) sarah (had power over) the malach, and prevailed;

he wept, and made techinnah unto Him;

He found him at Beit-El,

and there He spoke with us;

6 Even Hashem Elohei Tzva'os;

Hashem is His [memorial] Name!

7 Therefore turn thou to Eloheicha;

be shomer over chesed and mishpat

and wait on Eloheicha tamid (continually).

8 A kena'an (merchant), in whose hand are the scales of mirmar (deceit)

He loveth to oppress.

9 And Ephrayim boasts: Yet I am become an oisher,

I have found me out wealth;

in all my gain they shall find none avon (iniquity, offense)

in me that would be chet (sin).

10 And I that am Hashem Eloheicha from Eretz Mitzrayim

will yet make thee to dwell in oholim,

as in the yamei mo'ed.#12:10 i.e. Sukkot

11 I have also spoken to the nevi'im,

and I have multiplied chazon (vision, revelation, prophecy),

and spoken parables by the nevi'im.

12 Is there aven (iniquity) in Gil'ad?

Surely they are vanity;

they sacrifice bullocks in Gilgal;

yea, their mizbechot are as piles of stones

in the furrows of the fields.

13 And Ya'akov fled into the country of Aram,

and Yisroel served for an isha,

and for an isha he was shomer [over sheep].

14 And by a navi Hashem brought Yisroel out of Mitzrayim,

and shomer#12:14 Yisroel a navi was.

15 Ephrayim has provoked bitter anger;

therefore shall He leave his blood-guiltiness upon him,

and his scorn shall Adonoi of him return and repay unto him.

THE ORTHODOX JEWISH BIBLE

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