Romans 16
16
Greetings and Love Expressed
1Now I introduce and commend to you our sister #16:1 Phoebe (“bright,” “pure”) was chosen by Paul as his emissary to deliver this letter to Rome. She may have held a recognized position within the church.Phoebe, a deaconess (servant) of the church at #16:1 Cenchrea, a few miles east of Corinth, served as Corinth’s port and was probably visited by Paul during both his second and third missionary journeys. This letter was written from Corinth near the end of the third journey.Cenchrea, 2that you may receive her in the Lord [with love and hospitality], as #16:2 Lit the saints.God’s people ought to receive one another. And that you may help her in whatever matter she may require assistance from you, for she has been a helper of many, including myself.
3Greet Prisca and Aquila, my fellow workers in Christ Jesus, 4who risked their own necks [endangering their very lives] for my life. To them not only do I give thanks, but also all the churches of the Gentiles. 5Also greet the church that meets in their house. Greet my beloved Epaenetus, who is the first convert to Christ from [the west coast province of] Asia [Minor]. 6Greet Mary, who has worked so hard for you. 7Greet Andronicus and #16:7 Or Junia (feminine). There is a higher probability that the name is feminine; no masculine forms found in this or near time periods.Junias, my kinsmen and [once] my fellow prisoners, who are held in high esteem #16:7 The Greek and larger context favor this understanding; Andronicus and Junia are not identified as apostles here.in the estimation of the apostles, and who were [believers] in Christ before me. 8Greet Ampliatus, my beloved in the Lord. 9Greet Urbanus, our fellow worker in Christ, and my beloved Stachys. 10Greet Apelles, the one tested and approved in Christ. Greet those who belong to the household of #16:10 Believed by some scholars to be the brother of Herod Agrippa I and grandson of Herod the Great.Aristobulus. 11Greet my kinsman Herodion. Greet those of the household of Narcissus, who are in the Lord. 12Greet those workers in the Lord, Tryphaena and Tryphosa. Greet my beloved Persis, who has worked hard in the Lord. 13Greet Rufus, an eminent and choice man in the Lord, also his mother [who has been] a mother to me as well. 14Greet Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermes, Patrobas, Hermas, and the brothers who are with them. 15Greet Philologus and Julia, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas, and all #16:15 Lit the saints.God’s people who are with them. 16Greet one another with a #16:16 A traditional act of salutation in the early church.holy kiss. All the churches of Christ greet you.
17I urge you, brothers and sisters, to keep your eyes on those who cause dissensions and create obstacles or introduce temptations [for others] to commit sin, [acting in ways] contrary to the doctrine which you have learned. Turn away from them. 18For such people do not serve our Lord Christ, but their own appetites and base desires. By smooth and flattering speech they deceive the hearts of the unsuspecting [the innocent and the naive]. 19For the report of your obedience has reached everyone, so that I rejoice over you, but I want you to be wise in what is good and innocent in what is evil. 20The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet.
The [wonderful] grace of our Lord Jesus be with you.
21Timothy, my fellow worker, sends his greetings to you, as do Lucius, Jason and Sosipater, my kinsmen.
22I, #16:22 Paul’s helper, who wrote this letter as Paul dictated it, inserted a personal greeting, undoubtedly with Paul’s permission.Tertius, the writer (scribe) of this letter, greet you in the Lord.
23Gaius, who is host to me and to the whole church here, greets you. Erastus, the city treasurer, and our brother Quartus, greet you. 24#16:24 Early mss do not contain this verse; it was taken from the Latin Vulgate.[The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen.]
25Now to Him who is able to establish and strengthen you [in the faith] according to my gospel and the preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery [of the plan of salvation] which has been kept secret for long ages past, 26but now has been disclosed and through the prophetic Scriptures has been made known to all the nations, according to the commandment of the eternal God, leading them to obedience to the faith, 27to the only wise God, through Jesus Christ, be the glory forevermore! Amen.
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Romans 16
16
Personal Greetings
1I have good things to say about Phoebe, who is a leader in the church at Cenchreae. 2Welcome her in a way that is proper for someone who has faith in the Lord and is one of God's own people. Help her in any way you can. After all, she has proved to be a respected leader for many others, including me.
3 #
Ac 18.2. Give my greetings to Priscilla and Aquila. They have not only served Christ Jesus together with me, 4but they have even risked their lives for me. I am grateful for them and so are all the Gentile churches. 5Greet the church that meets in their home.
Greet my dear friend Epaenetus, who was the first person in Asia to have faith in Christ.
6Greet Mary, who has worked so hard for you.
7Greet my relatives#16.7 relatives: Or “Jewish friends.” Andronicus and Junia, who were in jail with me. They are highly respected by the apostles and were followers of Christ before I was.
8Greet Ampliatus, my dear friend whose faith is in the Lord.
9Greet Urbanus, who serves Christ along with us.
Greet my dear friend Stachys.
10Greet Apelles, a faithful servant of Christ.
Greet Aristobulus and his family.
11Greet Herodion, who is a relative#16.11 relatives: Or “Jewish friends.” of mine.
Greet Narcissus and the others in his family, who have faith in the Lord.
12Greet Tryphaena and Tryphosa, who work hard for the Lord.
Greet my dear friend Persis. She also works hard for the Lord.
13 #
Mk 15.21. Greet Rufus, that special servant of the Lord, and greet his mother, who has been like a mother to me.
14Greet Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermes, Patrobas, and Hermas, as well as our friends who are with them.
15Greet Philologus, Julia, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas, and all of God's people who are with them.
16Be sure to give each other a warm greeting.
All of Christ's churches greet you.
17My friends, I beg you to watch out for anyone who causes trouble and divides the church by refusing to do what all of you were taught. Stay away from them! 18They want to serve themselves and not Christ the Lord. Their flattery and fancy talk fool people who don't know any better. 19I am glad that everyone knows how well you obey the Lord. But still, I want you to understand what is good and not have anything to do with evil. 20Then God, who gives peace, will soon crush Satan under your feet. I pray that our Lord Jesus will be kind to you.
21 #
Ac 16.1. Timothy, who works with me, sends his greetings, and so do my relatives,#16.21 relatives: Or “Jewish friends.” Lucius, Jason, and Sosipater.
22I, Tertius, also send my greetings. I am a follower of the Lord, and I wrote this letter.#16.22 I wrote this letter: Paul probably dictated this letter to Tertius.
23-24 #
Ac 19.29; 1 Co 1.14;
2 Ti 4.20. Gaius welcomes me and the whole church into his home, and he sends his greetings.
Erastus, the city treasurer, and our dear friend Quartus send their greetings too.#16.23,24 send their greetings too: Some manuscripts add, “I pray that our Lord Jesus Christ will always bless you with undeserved grace. Amen.”
Paul's Closing Prayer
25Praise God! He can make you strong by means of my good news, which is the message about#16.25 about: Or “from.” Jesus Christ. For ages and ages this message was kept secret, 26but now at last it has been told. The eternal God commanded his prophets to write about the good news, so that all nations would obey and have faith. 27#4 Macc 18.24. And now, because of Jesus Christ, we can praise the only wise God forever! Amen.#16.27 Amen: Some manuscripts have verses 25-27 after 14.23. Others have the verses here and after 14.23, and one manuscript has them after 15.33.
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