Leviticus 19
19
Idolatry Forbidden
1Then the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,
2“Say to all the congregation of the children of Israel, ‘You shall be holy, for I the Lord your God am holy. [1 Pet 1:15] 3Each of you shall #19:3 Lit fear; the Hebrew can refer to respect or reverence as essentially healthy forms of fear.respect his mother and his father, and you shall keep My Sabbaths; I am the Lord your God. 4Do not turn to idols or make for yourselves molten gods (images cast in metal); I am the Lord your God.
5‘Now when you offer a sacrifice of peace offerings to the Lord, you shall offer it so that you may be accepted. 6It shall be eaten the same day you offer it and on the day following; and if anything remains until the third day, it shall be burned in the fire. 7But if it is eaten at all on the third day, it is repulsive; it will not be accepted [by God as an offering]. 8Everyone who eats it will bear [the responsibility for] his wickedness, for he has profaned a holy thing of the Lord; and that person shall be cut off from his people [excluding him from the atonement made for them].
Various Laws
9‘Now when you reap the harvest of your land, you shall not reap to the very corners of your field, nor shall you gather the gleanings (grain left after reaping) of your harvest. 10And you shall not glean your vineyard, nor shall you gather its fallen grapes; you shall leave them for the poor and for the stranger. I am the Lord your God.
11‘You shall not steal, nor deal deceptively, nor lie to one another. [Col 3:9, 10] 12You shall not swear [an oath] falsely by My name, so as to profane the name of your God; I am the Lord.
13‘You shall not oppress or exploit your neighbor, nor rob him. You shall not withhold the wages of a hired man overnight until morning. 14You shall not curse a deaf man nor put a stumbling block before the blind, but you shall fear your God [with profound reverence]; I am the Lord.
15‘You shall not do injustice in judgment; you shall not be partial to the poor nor show a preference for the great, but judge your neighbor fairly. 16You shall not go around as a gossip among your people, and you are not to act against the life of your neighbor [with slander or false testimony]; I am the Lord.
17‘You shall not hate your brother in your heart; you may most certainly rebuke your neighbor, but shall not incur sin because of him. [Gal 6:1; 1 John 2:9, 11; 3:15] 18You shall not take revenge nor bear any grudge against the sons of your people, but you shall love your neighbor (acquaintance, associate, companion) as yourself; I am the Lord. [Matt 5:43-46; Rom 12:17, 19]
19‘You are to keep My statutes. You shall not breed together two kinds of your cattle; you shall not sow your field with two kinds of seed, nor wear clothing of two kinds of material mixed together.
20‘Now if a man has intimate relations with a woman who is a slave acquired for [marriage to] another man, but who has not been redeemed nor given her freedom, there shall be punishment [after an investigation]; they shall not be put to death, because she was not free; 21but he shall bring his guilt offering to the Lord to the doorway of the Tent of Meeting, a ram as a guilt offering. 22The priest shall make atonement for him with the ram of the guilt offering before the Lord for his sin which he has committed; and he shall be forgiven for his sin.
23‘When you enter the land and plant all kinds of trees for food, then you shall consider their fruit #19:23 Lit uncircumcised.forbidden. For three years the fruit shall be forbidden to you; it shall not be eaten. 24In the fourth year all the fruit shall be holy, an offering of praise to the Lord. 25In the fifth year you may eat the fruit [of the trees], this is so that their yield may increase for you; I am the Lord your God.
26‘You shall not eat anything with the blood, nor practice divination [using omens or witchcraft] or soothsaying. 27You shall not trim and round off the side-growth of [the hair on] your heads, nor mar the edges of your beard. 28You shall not make any cuts on your body [in mourning] for the dead, nor make any tattoo marks on yourselves; I am the Lord.
29‘Do not profane your daughter by making her a prostitute, so that the land will not fall to prostitution and become full of wickedness. 30You shall keep My Sabbaths and revere My sanctuary. I am the Lord.
31‘Do not turn to mediums [who pretend to consult the dead] or to spiritists [who have spirits of divination]; do not seek them out to be defiled by them. I am the Lord your God.
32‘You shall rise before the gray-headed and honor the aged, and you shall fear your God [with profound reverence]; I am the Lord.
33‘When a stranger resides with you in your land, you shall not oppress or mistreat him. 34But the stranger who resides with you shall be to you like someone native-born among you; and you shall love him as yourself, for you were strangers in the land of Egypt; I am the Lord your God.
35‘You shall do no wrong in judgment, in measurement of weight or quantity. 36You shall have just and accurate balances, just weights, a just ephah, and a just #19:36 Approx one gallon.hin. I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt. 37You shall observe and keep all My statutes and all My ordinances and do them. I am the Lord.’ ”
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Leviticus 19
19
Yahweh Is Holy
1Then#Or “And” Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 2“Speak to all the community of the Israelites,#Literally “sons/children of Israel” and say to them, ‘You#Plural must be holy, because I, Yahweh your#Plural God, am holy. 3Each of you must revere your mother#Hebrew “his mother” and your father,#Hebrew “his father” and you#Plural must keep my Sabbaths; I am Yahweh your#Plural God. 4You#Plural must not turn to idols, and you#Plural must not make for yourselves gods of cast metal; I am Yahweh your#Plural God.
5“ ‘And when you#Plural sacrifice a sacrifice of fellowship offerings to Yahweh, you#Plural must sacrifice it for your#Plural acceptance. 6It must be eaten on the day of your#Plural sacrifice and the next day; but#Or “and” the remainder must be burned up in the fire by the third day. 7And if it is indeed eaten on the third day, it is unclean meat; it shall not be regarded as accepted. 8And the one who eats it shall bear his guilt, because he has profaned Yahweh’s holiness, and that person shall be cut off from his people.
Love Your Neighbor as Yourself
9“ ‘And at your#Plural reaping the harvest of your#Plural land you#Singular must not finish reaping the edge of your#Singular field, and you#Singular must not glean the remnants of your#Singular harvest. 10And you#Singular must not glean your#Singular vineyard, and you#Singular must not gather your#Singular vineyard’s fallen grapes; you#Singular must leave them behind for the needy and for the alien; I am Yahweh your#Plural God.
11“ ‘You#Plural shall not steal, and you#Plural shall not deceive, and you#Plural shall not lie to one another;#Literally “a man to his fellow citizen” 12and you#Plural shall not swear falsely#Literally “to the deception” in my name, and so one of you#Singular profane#Or “you shall profane” the name of your#Singular God; I am Yahweh.
13“ ‘You#Singular shall not exploit your#Singular neighbor, and you#Singular shall not rob him; a hired worker’s wage you#Singular shall not withhold#Literally “leave with you” overnight until morning. 14You#Singular shall not curse the deaf, and you#Singular shall not put a stumbling block before#Literally “to the faces of” a blind person, but#Or “and” you#Singular shall revere your#Singular God; I am Yahweh.
15“ ‘You#Plural shall not do injustice in judgment; you#Singular shall not show partiality to the powerless;#Literally “you shall not lift up the faces of the poor/powerless” you#Singular shall not give preference to the powerful;#Literally “faces of the great” you#Singular shall judge your#Singular fellow citizen with justice. 16You#Singular shall not go about with slander among your#Singular people; you#Singular shall not endanger your#Singular neighbor’s life;#Literally “you shall not stand on the blood of your neighbor” I am Yahweh.
17“ ‘You#Singular shall not hate your#Singular brother in your#Singular heart; you#Singular shall surely rebuke your#Singular fellow citizen, so that you#Singular do not incur sin along with#Or “in addition to him”; literally “upon him” him. 18You#Singular shall not seek vengeance, and you#Singular shall not harbor a grudge against your#Singular fellow citizens;#Literally “the sons of your people” and you#Singular shall love your#Singular neighbor like yourself; #Singular I am Yahweh.
You Shall Keep My Statutes
19“ ‘You#Plural must keep my statutes: as for your#Singular domestic animals, you#Singular shall not cause two differing kinds to breed; as for your#Singular field, you#Singular shall not sow two differing kinds of seed; and, a garment of two differing kinds of woven material should not be worn on you.#Singular
20“ ‘And when a man lies with a woman and there is an emission of semen and she is a female slave promised to a man, but#Or “and” she indeed has not been ransomed or freedom has not be given to her, there shall be an obligation to compensate; they shall not be put to death, because she has not been freed. 21And he shall bring his guilt offering to Yahweh at the tent of assembly’s entrance: a ram for a guilt offering. 22And the priest shall make atonement for him before#Literally “to the faces of” Yahweh with the ram of the guilt offering for his sin that he committed,#Literally “sinned” and so his sin that he committed#Literally “sinned” shall be forgiven him.
23“ ‘And when you#Plural have come into the land and you#Plural plant any tree for#Hebrew “of” food, you#Plural shall regard its fruit as unharvestable;#Literally “and you shall regard its foreskin as uncircumcised its fruit” for three years it shall be forbidden for you; #Plural it shall not be eaten. 24But#Or “And” in the fourth year all its fruit shall be holy, offerings of praise for Yahweh. 25And in the fifth year you#Plural shall eat its fruit to increase its yield for you; #Plural I am Yahweh your#Plural God.
26“ ‘You#Plural must not eat anything with the blood; you#Plural shall not practice divination, nor shall you#Plural interpret signs. 27You#Plural shall not round off the corner hair of your#Plural head, and you#Singular shall not trim the corner of your#Singular beard. 28And you#Plural shall not make a slash in your#Plural body for a dead person, nor shall you#Plural make on yourselves a tattoo’s mark; I am Yahweh.
29“ ‘You#Singular shall not profane your#Singular daughter by making her a prostitute, lest the land be prostituted and the land fill up with depravity.#Literally “and the land does not prostitute and the land fills up depravity” or “so that the land does not prostitute and the land fills up depravity” 30You#Plural shall keep my Sabbaths, and you#Plural shall revere my sanctuary; I am Yahweh.
31“ ‘You#Plural shall not turn to the mediums and to the soothsayers; you#Plural shall not seek them to become unclean with them; I am Yahweh your#Plural God.
32“ ‘Before#Literally “from the faces of” old age you#Singular shall get up, and you#Singular shall show respect for an old person; and you#Singular shall revere your God; I am Yahweh.
33“ ‘And when an alien dwells with you#Singular in your#Plural land, you#Plural shall not oppress him. 34The alien who is dwelling with you#Plural shall be like a native among you,#Plural and you#Singular shall love him like yourself, #Singular because you#Plural were aliens in the land of Egypt; I am Yahweh your#Plural God.
35“ ‘You#Plural shall not commit injustice in regulation, in measurement, in weight, or#Or “and” volume. 36You#Plural must have honest balances, honest weights, an honest ephah, and an honest hin; I am Yahweh your#Plural God who brought you#Plural out from the land of Egypt.
37“ ‘Thus you#Plural shall keep all my statutes and all my regulations, and you#Plural shall do them; I am Yahweh.’ ”
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