Isaiah 14
14
Israel’s Taunt
1For the Lord will have compassion on Jacob (the captives in Babylon) and will again choose Israel, and will settle them in their own land. Foreigners (Gentiles) will join them [as proselytes] and will attach themselves to the house of Jacob (Israel). [Esth 8:17] 2The peoples will take them along and bring them to their own place (Judea), and the house of Israel will possess them as an inheritance in the land of the Lord as male and female servants; and they will take captive those whose captives they have been, and they will rule over their [former] oppressors. [Ezra 1]
3And it will be in the day when the Lord gives you rest from your pain and turmoil and from the harsh service in which you have been enslaved, 4that you will take up this taunt against the king of Babylon, and say,
“How the oppressor has ceased [his insolence],
And how the fury has ceased!
5“The Lord has broken the staff of the wicked,
The scepter of the [tyrant] rulers
6Which used to strike the peoples in anger with incessant blows,
Which subdued and ruled the nations in wrath with unrelenting persecution.
7“The whole earth is at rest and is quiet;
They break into shouts of joy.
8“Even the cypress trees rejoice over you [kings of Babylon], even the cedars of Lebanon, saying,
‘Since you were laid low, no woodcutter comes up against us.’
9“#14:9 I.e. the nether world, the place of the dead, Hades.Sheol below is excited about you to meet you when you come [you tyrant of Babylon];
It stirs up the spirits of the dead [to greet you], all the leaders of the earth;
It raises all the kings of the nations from their thrones [in astonishment at your fall].
10“All of them will respond [tauntingly] and say to you,
‘You have become as weak as we are.
You have become like us.
11‘Your pomp and magnificence have been brought down to Sheol,
Along with the music of your harps;
The maggots [which prey on the dead] are spread out under you [as a bed]
And worms are your covering [Babylonian rulers].’
12“How you have fallen from heaven,
O #14:12 Many students of the Bible have felt that the passage which follows applies to Satan (cf Luke 10:18). It is clear from the larger context that the passage addresses the king of Babylon, but that does not rule out a secondary reference to Satan. Many commentators are of the opinion that the arrogance expressed here is satanic, and that the passage correctly represents Satan’s attitude because he was working through the Babylonian ruler. The Hebrew for this expression is translated “Lucifer” (“light-bringer”) in The Latin Vulgate, and is translated this way in the King James Version. But because of the association of that name with Satan, it is not used in this and other translations. Some students feel that the application of the name Lucifer to Satan, in spite of the long and confident teaching to that effect, is erroneous. The application of the name to Satan has existed since the third century a.d., and is based on the supposition that Luke 10:18 is an explanation of Is 14:12, which many authorities believe is not true. “Lucifer,” the light-bringer, is the Latin equivalent of the Greek word “Phosphoros,” which is used as a title of Christ in 2 Pet 1:19 and corresponds to the name “radiant and brilliant Morning Star” in Rev 22:16, a name Jesus called Himself. This passage here in Is 14:12ff clearly applies to the king of Babylon.star of the morning [light-bringer], son of the dawn!
You have been cut down to the ground,
You who have weakened the nations [king of Babylon]!
13“But you said in your heart,
‘I will ascend to heaven;
I will raise my throne above the stars of God;
I will sit on the mount of assembly
In the remote parts of the north.
14‘I will ascend above the heights of the clouds;
I will make myself like the Most High.’
15“But [in fact] you will be brought down to Sheol,
To the remote recesses of the pit (the region of the dead).
16“Those who see you will gaze at you,
They will consider you, saying,
‘Is this the man who made the earth tremble,
Who shook kingdoms,
17Who made the world like a wilderness
And overthrew its cities,
Who did not permit his prisoners to return home?’
18“All the kings of the nations, all of them lie [dead] in glorious array,
Each one in his own sepulcher.
19“But you [king of Babylon] have been cast out of your tomb (denied burial)
Like a rejected branch,
Clothed with the slain who are pierced by the sword,
Who go down to the stones of the pit [into which carcasses are thrown],
Like a dead body trampled [underfoot].
20“You will not be united with them in burial,
Because you have destroyed your land,
You have slain your people.
May the descendants of evildoers never be named!
21“Prepare a slaughtering place for his sons
Because of the wickedness [the sin, the injustice, the wrongdoing] of their fathers.
They must not rise and take possession of the earth,
And fill the face of the world with cities.”
22“I will rise up against them,” says the Lord of hosts, “and will cut off from Babylon name and survivors, and son and grandson,” declares the Lord. 23“I will also make Babylon a possession of the hedgehog and of #14:23 The city of Babylon was in the middle of a very fertile area, and it would have seemed reasonable to suppose that, regardless of what happened to the population, the region would always furnish pasturage for flocks. But Isaiah said it would become the possession of wild animals and would be covered with “swamps of water.” This is how that prophecy was literally fulfilled: after Babylon was taken, the whole area around the city was put under water from neglect of the canals and dikes of the Euphrates River. It became stagnant “swamps of water” among ruins haunted by wild animals, proclaiming to any who might see it that it had happened just as the Lord intended (Is 14:24).swamps of water, and I will sweep it away with the broom of destruction,” declares the Lord of hosts.
Judgment on Assyria
24The Lord of hosts has sworn [an oath], saying, “Just as I have intended, so it has certainly happened, and just as I have planned, so it will stand— 25to break the Assyrian in My land, and on My mountains I will trample him underfoot. Then the Assyrian’s #14:25 The prophecy against Assyria had actually by this time already been fulfilled, but Isaiah attached it to the as yet unfulfilled prophecy against Babylon as a pledge or guarantee of the fulfillment of the latter.yoke will be removed from them (the people of Judah) and his burden removed from their shoulder. 26This is the plan [of God] decided for the whole earth [regarded as conquered and put under tribute by Assyria]; and this is the hand [of God] that is stretched out over all the nations. 27For the Lord of hosts has decided and planned, and who can annul it? His hand is stretched out, and who can turn it back?”
Judgment on Philistia
28In the year that King Ahaz [of Judah] died this [mournful, inspired] oracle (#14:28 I.e. an urgent message the prophet is under compulsion to proclaim.a burden to be carried) came:
29“Do not rejoice, O Philistia, any of you,
Because the rod [of Judah] that struck you is broken;
For out of the serpent’s root will come a viper [King Hezekiah of Judah],
And its offspring will be a flying serpent. [2 Kin 18:1, 3, 8]
30“The firstborn of the helpless [of Judah] will feed [on My meadows],
And the needy will lie down in safety;
But I will kill your root with famine,
And your survivors will be put to death.
31“Howl, O gate; cry, O city!
Melt away, O Philistia, all of you;
For smoke comes out of the north,
And there is no straggler in his ranks and no one stands detached [in Hezekiah’s battalions].
32“Then what answer will one give the messengers of the [Philistine] nation?
That the Lord has founded Zion,
And the afflicted of His people will seek and find refuge in it.”
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Isaiah 14
14
The Restoration of Jacob
1 #
Ps. 102:13; Zech. 1:17 For the Lord will have compassion on Jacob and will again choose Israel, and #2 Chr. 36:22, 23 will set them in their own land, and #Zech. 8:22, 23; See Eph. 2:12-14sojourners will join them and will attach themselves to the house of Jacob. 2And #ch. 49:22; 60:9; 66:20 the peoples will take them and bring them to their place, and the house of Israel will possess them in the Lord’s land #ch. 61:5 as male and female slaves.#14:2 Or servants #[Joel 3:8] They will take captive those who were their captors, #ch. 60:14and rule over those who oppressed them.
Israel’s Remnant Taunts Babylon
3When the Lord has given you rest from your pain and turmoil and the hard service with which you were made to serve, 4you will take up this #Mic. 2:4; Hab. 2:6 taunt against the king of Babylon:
“How the oppressor has ceased,
# [Jer. 51:13; Rev. 18:16] the insolent fury#14:4 Dead Sea Scroll (compare Septuagint, Syriac, Vulgate); the meaning of the word in the Masoretic Text is uncertain ceased!
5The Lord has broken the #[ch. 9:4]staff of the wicked,
the #[ch. 9:4]scepter of rulers,
6 # [Jer. 50:23] that struck the peoples in wrath
with unceasing blows,
that ruled the nations in anger
with unrelenting persecution.
7The whole earth is at rest and quiet;
# ch. 44:23; 49:13; 54:1; 55:12 they break forth into singing.
8 # [Ezek. 31:16] # [ch. 37:24] The cypresses rejoice at you,
# See ch. 2:13 the cedars of Lebanon, saying,
‘Since you were laid low,
no woodcutter comes up against us.’
9Sheol beneath is stirred up
to meet you when you come;
it rouses the shades to greet you,
all who were leaders of the earth;
it raises from their thrones
all who were kings of the nations.
10 # [Jer. 51:48] All of them will answer
and say to you:
‘You too have become as weak as we!
You have become like us!’
11Your pomp is brought down to Sheol,
the sound of your harps;
maggots are laid as a bed beneath you,
and worms are your covers.
12“How #[ch. 24:21; 34:3] you are fallen from heaven,
O Day Star, #[Job 38:7]son of Dawn!
How you are cut down to the ground,
you who laid the nations low!
13You said in your heart,
#
Jer. 51:53; Amos 9:2; [Matt. 11:23; Luke 10:15] ‘I will ascend to heaven;
above the stars of God
#
Dan. 5:22, 23; [2 Thess. 2:4] I will set my throne on high;
I will sit on the mount of assembly
in the far reaches of the north;#14:13 Or in the remote parts of Zaphon
14I will ascend above the heights of the clouds;
I will make myself like the Most High.’
15 #
Ezek. 32:23; Matt. 11:23; Luke 10:15 But you are brought down to Sheol,
to the far reaches of the pit.
16Those who see you will stare at you
and ponder over you:
‘Is this #[Jer. 50:23]the man who made the earth tremble,
who shook kingdoms,
17who made the world like a desert
and overthrew its cities,
# [Jer. 50:33] who did not let his prisoners go home?’
18All the kings of the nations lie in glory,
each in his own tomb;#14:18 Hebrew house
19but you are cast out, away from your grave,
like a loathed branch,
# [Ezek. 32:20] clothed with the slain, those pierced by the sword,
who go down to the stones of the pit,
like a dead body trampled underfoot.
20You will not be joined with them in burial,
because you have destroyed your land,
you have slain your people.
“May #Job 18:19; Ps. 21:10; 109:13the offspring of evildoers
nevermore be named!
21Prepare slaughter for his sons
# [Ex. 20:5; Matt. 23:35] because of the guilt of their fathers,
lest they rise and possess the earth,
and fill the face of the world with cities.”
22“I will rise up against them,” declares the Lord of hosts, “and will cut off from Babylon name and #[Jer. 51:50, 62] remnant, #Job 18:19; [Gen. 21:23]descendants and posterity,” declares the Lord. 23“And I will make it a possession of the #ch. 34:11; Zeph. 2:14hedgehog,#14:23 Possibly porcupine, or owl and pools of water, and I will sweep it with the broom of destruction,” declares the Lord of hosts.
An Oracle Concerning Assyria
24The Lord of hosts has sworn:
# [Prov. 19:21] “As I have planned,
so shall it be,
and as I have purposed,
so shall it stand,
25that #ch. 37:36 I will break the Assyrian in my land,
and on my mountains trample him underfoot;
and #ch. 9:4; 10:27his yoke shall depart from them,
and #ch. 9:4; 10:27his burden from their shoulder.”
26This is the purpose that is purposed
concerning the whole earth,
and this is #[Deut. 4:34]the hand that is stretched out
over all the nations.
27 #
2 Chr. 20:6; Job 9:12; Ps. 33:11; Prov. 21:30; Dan. 4:31, 33, 35 For the Lord of hosts has purposed,
and who will annul it?
# [See ver. 26 above] His hand is stretched out,
and who will turn it back?
An Oracle Concerning Philistia
28In the year that #2 Kgs. 16:20 King Ahaz died came this #See ch. 13:1oracle:
29Rejoice not, #Ex. 15:14; [Ps. 60:8; 87:4; 108:9] O Philistia, all of you,
that #[ch. 10:24] the rod that struck you is broken,
for from the serpent’s root will come forth an adder,
and its fruit will be a #ch. 30:6; Num. 21:6; [Jer. 46:22]flying fiery serpent.
30And the firstborn of #[ch. 29:19; Zeph. 3:12]the poor will graze,
and #[ch. 29:19; Zeph. 3:12]the needy lie down in safety;
but I will kill your root with famine,
and your remnant it will slay.
31 # ch. 13:6 Wail, O #ch. 24:12 gate; cry out, O city;
melt in fear, #[See ver. 29 above] O Philistia, all of you!
# [ch. 20:1] For smoke comes out of the north,
and there is no straggler in his ranks.
32What will one answer the messengers of the nation?
#
Ps. 87:1, 5; 102:16; 132:13; [ch. 28:16] “The Lord has founded Zion,
and in her the afflicted of his people find refuge.”
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