Deuteronomy 2
2
Wanderings in the Wilderness
1“Then we turned and set out for the wilderness by the way of the Red Sea, just as the Lord had told me; and we circled Mount Seir for many days. 2And the Lord spoke to me, saying, 3‘You have circled this mountain long enough; #2:3 The Israelites were now directed to journey toward the lands given by God to their distant relatives, the Edomites, Moabites, and the Ammonites.turn northward, 4and command the people, saying, “You are passing through the territory of your brothers the sons of Esau (the Edomites), who live in Seir; and they will be afraid of you. So be very careful; 5do not provoke them, for I will not give you any of their land, not even as little as a footstep, because I have given Mount Seir to Esau as a possession. 6You shall buy food from them with money so that you may [have something to] eat, and you shall also buy water from them with money so that you may [have something to] drink. 7For the Lord your God has blessed you in all #2:7 Lit the work of your hand.that you have done; He has known about your wanderings through this great wilderness. These forty years the Lord your God has been with you; you have lacked nothing.” ’
8“So we passed beyond our brothers the sons of Esau, who lived in Seir, away from the Arabah (wilderness) road, away from Elath and from Ezion-geber. Then we turned and passed through by the way of the Wilderness of Moab. 9And the Lord said to me, ‘Do not harass [the descendants of] Moab, nor provoke them to war, for I will not give you any of their land as a possession, because I have given Ar to the sons (Moab and Ammon) of Lot as a possession.’ [Gen 19:30-38] 10(The Emim lived there in times past, a people great and numerous, and as tall as the Anakim. 11These also are regarded as Rephaim [an ancient people], as are the Anakim, but the Moabites call them Emim. 12The Horites also used to live in Seir, but the sons of Esau dispossessed them. They destroyed them from before them and settled in their place, just as Israel did in the land which the Lord gave them as their possession.) 13‘Now #2:13 The Hebrew verb “arise” is an instruction to prepare to fulfill a command, somewhat similar to the military command “attention.”arise and cross the valley of the #2:13 Most of the year, the Zered brook has no water, so it is only a valley. The Hebrew word “nahal” (like the Aramaic word “wadi”) indicates a seasonal river.Zered.’ So we crossed the Zered Valley. 14Now thirty-eight years passed from the time we left Kadesh-barnea until we crossed the Zered Valley, until that entire generation of the men of war had died from within the camp, just as the Lord had sworn to them. 15Moreover the hand of the Lord was against them, to destroy them from within the camp, until they were all dead.
16“So it came about when all the men of war had finally died from among the people, 17that the Lord spoke to me, saying, 18‘Today you are to pass through Ar, the border of Moab. 19When you come opposite the territory of the sons of #2:19 Forefather of the Ammonites, was the son of Lot, through his younger daughter (Gen 19:30-38).Ammon, do not harass them nor provoke them, for I will not give you any of the land of the sons of Ammon as a possession, because I have given it to the sons of Lot as a possession.’ 20(It is also regarded as the land of the Rephaim [of giant stature], for Rephaim used to live there, but the Ammonites call them Zamzummin, 21a great, numerous people, and tall as the Anakim, but the Lord destroyed them before the sons of Ammon. And they dispossessed them and settled in their place, 22just as He did for the sons of Esau, who live in Seir, when He destroyed the Horites from before them; and the sons of Esau (the Edomites) dispossessed them and settled in their place [and remain there] even to this day. 23As for the Avvim, who lived in villages as far as Gaza, the Caphtorim (Cretans, later Philistines) who came from Caphtor (Crete) destroyed them and settled in their place.) 24‘Now arise, continue on, and go through the valley of the #2:24 Another of the seasonal rivers.Arnon. Look, I have handed over to you Sihon the Amorite, king of Heshbon, and his land. Begin! Take possession [of it] and fight with him in battle. 25This day I will begin to put the dread and the fear of you on the peoples (pagans) under the whole heaven, who, when they hear the reports about you, will tremble and be in anguish because of you.’
26“So I sent messengers from the Wilderness of Kedemoth to Sihon king of Heshbon with words of peace, saying, 27‘Let me pass through your land [with my people]. I will travel [with them] only on the highway; I will not turn away to the right or to the left. 28You will sell me food for money so that I [along with my people] will eat, and you will give me water for money so that I [along with my people] will drink; only let me [and my people] travel through [the land] on foot, 29just as the sons of Esau, who live in Seir, and the Moabites, who live in Ar, #2:29 All that is said here is that the Edomites and Moabites sold Israel food and water. There is no comment regarding their hostility toward Israel and their desire for her destruction. See Num 21:21-32 and Deut 23:3, 4.did for me, until I cross the Jordan into the land which the Lord our God is giving us.’ 30But Sihon king of Heshbon was not willing for us to travel through his land; for the Lord your God hardened his spirit and made his heart obstinate, in order to hand him over to you, as he is today. 31The Lord said to me, ‘Look, I have begun to hand over to you Sihon and his land. Begin! Take possession [of it], so that you may possess his land.’
32“Then at Jahaz, Sihon and all his people came out to meet us in battle. 33So the Lord our God handed him over to us [and gave us the victory], and we defeated him and his sons and all his people. 34At the same time we took all his cities and utterly destroyed every city—men, women and children. We left no survivor. 35We took only the cattle as plunder for ourselves and the spoil of the cities which we had captured. 36From Aroer, which is on the edge of the Arnon Valley, and from the city which is in the valley, as far as Gilead, there was no city [whose wall was] too high and too strong for us; the Lord our God handed over everything to us. 37Only you did not go near the land of the sons of Ammon, all along the river #2:37 Another of the seasonal rivers. The Jabbok River was the site where Jacob (Israel) encountered God (Gen 32:22-32).Jabbok and the cities of the hill country, and wherever the Lord our God had forbidden us.
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Deḇarim (Deuteronomy) 2
2
1“Then we turned and set out into the wilderness, the way of the Sea of Reeds, as יהוה spoke to me, and we went round Mount Sĕ‛ir, many days.
2“And יהוה spoke to me, saying,
3You have gone around this mountain long enough, turn northward.
4“And command the people, saying, You are about to pass over into the border of your brothers, the descendants of Ěsaw, who live in Sĕ‛ir, and they are afraid of you. So be on your guard.
5“Do not strive with them, for I do not give you any of their land, no, not so much as one footstep, because I have given Mount Sĕ‛ir to Ěsaw as a possession.
6“What food you buy from them with silver you shall eat. And also, what water you buy from them with silver you shall drink.
7For יהוה your Elohim has blessed you in all the work of your hand. He has known your wandering through this great wilderness. These forty years יהוה your Elohim has been with you, you have not lacked any matter.’
8“And when we passed beyond our brothers, the descendants of Ěsaw who dwell in Sĕ‛ir, away from the way of the desert plain, away from Ěylath and Etsyon Geḇer, we turned and passed over by way of the Wilderness of Mo’aḇ.
9“And יהוה said to me, ‘Do not distress Mo’aḇ, nor stir yourself up against them in battle, for I do not give you any of their land as a possession, because I have given Ar to the descendants of Lot as a possession.’ ”
10(The Ěmites had dwelt there formerly, a people as great and numerous and tall as the Anaqim.
11They were also reckoned as Repha’ites, like the Anaqim, but the Mo’aḇites call them Ěmites.
12And the Ḥorites formerly dwelt in Sĕ‛ir, but the descendants of Ěsaw dispossessed them and destroyed them from before them, and dwelt in their place, as Yisra’ĕl did to the land of their possession which יהוה gave them.)
13“ ‘Now rise up, and pass over the wadi Zereḏ.’ So we passed over the wadi Zereḏ.
14“And the time we took to come from Qaḏĕsh Barnĕa until we passed over the wadi Zereḏ was thirty-eight years, until all the generation of the men of battle was consumed from the midst of the camp, as יהוה had sworn to them.
15“And also, the hand of יהוה was against them, to destroy them from the midst of the camp until they were consumed.
16And it came to be, when all the men of battle had finally perished from among the people,”
17that יהוה spoke to me, saying,
18This day you are to pass over at Ar, the boundary of Mo’aḇ.
19And when you come near the children of Ammon, do not distress them nor stir yourself up against them, for I do not give you any of the land of the children of Ammon as a possession, because I have given it to the descendants of Lot as a possession.’
20(That was also reckoned as a land of Repha’ites. Repha’ites formerly dwelt there. But the Ammonites call them Zamzummim,
21a people as great and numerous and tall as the Anaqim. But יהוה destroyed them before them, and they dispossessed them and dwelt in their place,
22as He had done for the descendants of Ěsaw, who dwelt in Sĕ‛ir, when He destroyed the Ḥorites from before them. They dispossessed them and dwelt in their place, even to this day.
23And the Awwim who dwelt in villages as far as Azzah, the Kaphtorim who came from Kaphtor, destroyed them and dwelt in their place).
24Arise, set out and pass over the wadi Arnon. See, I have given into your hand Siḥon the Amorite, sovereign of Ḥeshbon, and his land. Begin to possess it, and stir up yourself against him in battle.
25This day I begin to put the dread and fear of you upon the peoples under all the heavens, who, when they hear the report of you, shall tremble and shake because of you.’
26“Then I sent messengers from the Wilderness of Qeḏĕmoth to Siḥon sovereign of Ḥeshbon, with words of peace, saying,
27Let me pass over through your land on the highway. I shall go on the highway and turn neither to the right nor to the left.
28What food you sell me for silver I shall eat, and what water you give me for silver I shall drink. Only let me pass over on foot,
29as the descendants of Ěsaw who dwell in Sĕ‛ir and the Mo’aḇites who dwell in Ar did for me – until I pass over the Yardĕn to the land יהוה our Elohim is giving us.’
30“But Siḥon sovereign of Ḥeshbon would not let us pass over, for יהוה your Elohim hardened his spirit and strengthened his heart, to give him into your hand, as it is this day.
31“And יהוה said to me, ‘See, I have begun to give Siḥon and his land over to you. Begin to possess – in order to possess his land.’
32And Siḥon and all his people came out against us to fight at Yahats,”
33and יהוה our Elohim gave him over to us, so we struck him, and his sons, and all his people.
34“And we took all his cities at that time, and we put the men, women, and little ones of every city under the ban, we left none remaining.
35“Only the livestock we took as plunder for ourselves, and the spoil of the cities which we captured.
36“From Aro‛ĕr, which is on the edge of the wadi Arnon, and the city that is by the wadi, as far as Gil‛aḏ, there was not one city too high for us. יהוה our Elohim gave all to us.
37“Only you did not go near the land of the children of Ammon – anywhere along the wadi Yabboq, or to the cities of the mountains, or anywhere as יהוה our Elohim commanded us.
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