1 Kings 4
4
Solomon’s Officials
1King Solomon was king over all [the people of] Israel. 2These were his [chief] officials: Azariah the #4:2 Here as in other passages, the Hebrew word son may refer to a grandson or more distant descendant, just as father is also used of grandfathers and other ancestors.son of Zadok was the high priest; 3Elihoreph and Ahijah the sons of Shisha, were scribes; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was the recorder [of important events]; 4Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was in command of the army; Zadok and Abiathar were priests; 5Azariah the son of Nathan was in charge of the deputies; Zabud the son of Nathan was priest and was the king’s friend [and trusted advisor]; 6Ahishar was in charge of the household (palace); and Adoniram the son of Abda was in charge of the forced labor.
7Solomon had twelve deputies over all Israel, who #4:7 Lit provided.secured provisions for the king and his household; each man had to provide for a month in the year. 8These were their names: Ben-hur, in the hill country of [the tribe of] Ephraim; 9Ben-deker in Makaz and Shaalbim and Beth-shemesh and Elon-beth-hanan; 10Ben-hesed, in Arubboth (to him belonged Socoh and all the land of Hepher); 11Ben-abinadab, in all the hills of Dor (Taphath, Solomon’s daughter, was his wife); 12Baana the son of Ahilud, in Taanach, Megiddo, and all Beth-shean which is beside Zarethan below Jezreel, from Beth-shean to Abel-meholah as far as beyond Jokmeam; 13Ben-geber, in Ramoth-gilead (the villages of Jair the son of Manasseh, which are in Gilead belonged to him, also the region of Argob, which is in Bashan, sixty great cities with walls and bronze bars); 14Ahinadab the son of Iddo, in Mahanaim; 15Ahimaaz, in [the tribe of] Naphtali (he also married Basemath, Solomon’s daughter); 16Baana the son of Hushai, in [the tribe of] Asher and Bealoth; 17Jehoshaphat the son of Paruah, in [the tribe of] Issachar; 18Shimei the son of Ela, in [the tribe of] Benjamin; 19Geber the son of Uri, in the land of Gilead, the country of Sihon king of the Amorites and of Og king of Bashan; and he was the only officer who was in the land.
Solomon’s Power, Wealth and Wisdom
20[The people of] Judah and Israel were as numerous as the sand that is in abundance by the sea; they were eating and drinking and rejoicing.
21 # 4:21 In the Hebrew text ch 5 begins with this verse. Now Solomon reigned over all the kingdoms from the [Euphrates] River to the land of the Philistines and to the border of Egypt; they brought tribute (money) and served Solomon all the days of his life.
22Solomon’s food [for the royal household] for one day was thirty #4:22 This was the largest unit of volume, but the actual amount varied because it was based on the volume of an egg, the basic Jewish standard of volume. The kor was equivalent to the homer and was supposed to equal 4,320 eggs. Modern estimates of the volume range between seven and twelve bushels.kors of finely milled flour, sixty kors of wheat flour, 23ten fat oxen, twenty pasture-fed oxen, a hundred sheep not counting fallow deer, gazelles, roebucks, and fattened fowl. 24For he was ruling over everything west of the [Euphrates] River, from Tiphsah to Gaza, over all the kings west of the [Euphrates] River; and he had peace on all sides around him. 25Judah and Israel lived in security, every man under his vine and fig tree [in peace and prosperity], from Dan [in the north] to Beersheba [in the south], during all the days of Solomon. [Mic 4:3, 4] 26Solomon also had #4:26 One ms reads 4,000; cf 2 Chr 9:25.40,000 stalls of horses for his chariots, and 12,000 horsemen. 27Those deputies provided food for King Solomon and for all [the staff] who came to King Solomon’s table, each in his month; they let nothing be lacking. 28They also brought the barley and straw for the horses and swift steeds (warhorses, chargers) to the place where it was needed, each man according to his assignment.
29Now God gave Solomon [exceptional] wisdom and very great discernment and breadth of mind, like the sand of the seashore. 30Solomon’s wisdom surpassed the wisdom of all the sons of the east and all the wisdom of Egypt. 31For he was wiser #4:31 “Wiser than all [other] men,” until Christ came. Jesus said, “Someone more and greater than Solomon is here” (Matt 12:42).than all [other] men, [wiser] than #4:31 Together with Zimri (1 Chr 2:6), these men were reputed to be the wisest in the world.Ethan the Ezrahite, and Heman, Calcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol. His fame was known in all the surrounding nations. 32He also spoke 3,000 proverbs, and his songs were 1,005. 33He spoke of trees, from the cedar which is in Lebanon to the hyssop [vine] that grows on the wall; he spoke also of animals, of birds, of creeping things, and fish. 34People came from all the peoples (nations) to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and from all the kings of the earth who had heard of his wisdom.
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Melachim Alef 4
4
1So HaMelech Sh'lomo was Melech over kol Yisroel.
2And these were the sarim which he had; Azaryah Ben Tzadok HaKohen,
3Elichoreph and Achiyah, the Bnei Shisha, Sofrim (scribes); Yehoshaphat Ben Achilud, the Mazkir (secretary).
4And Benayah Ben Yehoyada was over the Tzava (army); and Tzadok and Evyatar (Abiathar) were the Kohanim;
5And Azaryah Ben Natan was over the Nitzavim (commissioners) and Zavud Ben Natan kohen re'eh HaMelech;
6And Achishar was over the Bais (palace); and Adoniram Ben Avda was over the forced labor.
7And Sh'lomo had twelve Nitzavim (commissioners) over kol Yisroel, which provided provision for HaMelech and his Bais (palace); each man his month in a shanah (year) made provision.
8And these are their shemot; Ben-Chur, in har Ephrayim;
9Ben-Deker in Makatz, and in Sha'albim, and Beit-Shemesh, and Elon Beit-Chanan;
10Ben-Chesed, in Arubot; to him pertained Sokhoh, and kol Eretz Chepher;
11Ben-Avinadav, in kol Naphat Dor; which had Taphat Bat Sh'lomo as his isha;
12Ba'ana Ben Achilud; Ta'nakh and Megiddo, and kol Beit-She'an, which is near Tzartan below Yizre'el (Jezreel), from Beit-She'an to Avel-Mecholah, even unto beyond Yokme'am;
13Ben-Gever, in Ramot Gil'ad; to him pertained the towns of Yair Ben Menasheh, which are in Gil'ad; to him also pertained the region of Argov, which is in Bashan, threescore arim gedolim with chomah and gate bars of nechoshet;
14Achinadav Ben Iddo had Machanayim;
15Achima'atz was in Naphtali; he also took Basmat Bat Sh'lomo as his isha;
16Ba'ana Ben Chushai was in Asher and in Alot;
17Yehoshaphat Ben Paruach, in Yissakhar;
18Shime'i Ben Elah, in Binyamin;
19Gever Ben Uri was in Eretz Gil'ad, in Eretz Sichon Melech Emori, and of Og Melech HaBashan; and he was the only Netziv (commissioner) which was in the land.
20Yehudah and Yisroel were many, as the chol (sand) which is by the yam in multitude, eating and drinking, and rejoicing.
21 And Sh'lomo reigned as Melech over kol hamamlechot (all the kingdoms) from the Nahar ([Euphrates] River) unto Eretz Pelishtim (Philistines), and unto the border of Mitzrayim: they brought minchah (tribute), and served Sh'lomo all the days of his life.
22 And Lechem Sh'lomo for one day was thirty kor of solet (fine flour), and threescore kor of flour,
23 Ten stall fed bakar, and twenty bakar out of the pastures, and a hundred tzon, beside deer, and gazelle, and roebuck, and choice fowl.
24 For he had dominion over all the region beyond the Nahar, from Tiphsach even to Azah (Gaza), over all the melachim beyond the Nahar;#4:24 i.e., west of the Euphrates and he had shalom on all sides around him.
25 And Yehudah and Yisroel dwelt securely, every ish under his gefen and under his te'enah (fig tree), from Dan even to Be'er-Sheva, all the days of Sh'lomo.
26 And Sh'lomo had forty thousand stalls of susim for his merkavot, and twelve thousand parashim.
27 And these Nitzavim#4:27 al kol Yisroel, see 4:7-19 provided for HaMelech Sh'lomo, and for all that came near unto Shulchan HaMelech Sh'lomo, every ish in his chodesh; they lacked nothing.
28 Se'orim (barley) also and straw for the susim and swift steeds brought they unto the makom (place) where it should be, each according to his mishpat (charge, quota, duty, responsibility).
29 And Elohim gave Sh'lomo chochmah and tevunah (understanding, insight) exceeding much, and rochav lev (largeness of heart), even as the chol (sand) that is on the seashore.
30 And the chochmah Sh'lomo excelled the chochmat kol Bnei Kedem and kol chochmat Mitzrayim.
31 For he was wiser than kol Adam; than Eitan the Ezrachi, and Heman, and Kalkol, and Darda, the Bnei Machol; and shmo was in kol HaGoyim all around.
32 And he uttered three thousand mashal; and his shir (songs) were one thousand and five.
33 And he spoke of etzim (trees), from the erez (cedar tree) that is in the Levanon even unto the ezov (hyssop) which grows out of the wall; he spoke also of behemah (animal), and of oph (fowl, bird), and of remes (crawling creature), and of dagim (fish).
34 And there came of kol Amim to hear the chochmat Sh'lomo, from kol Malkhei Ha'Aretz, which had heard of his chochmah.
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