Romans 10
10
1Achim b'Moshiach, the great tshuka (desire, longing) of my lev and my tefillah to Hashem is for the Yeshu'at Yisroel (salvation of Israel).
2For I can be meid (provide testimony, attest) regarding them that they have a kinat Hashem (zeal for G-d), but not in accordance with saving binah and da'as.
3For, having no saving da'as of the Tzidkat Hashem (the righteousness of G-d), and seeking to establish their own,#10:3 that is, self-attained they have not subjected themselves to the Tzidkat Hashem (righteousness of G-d).#10:3 1:17; 3:5,21,25-26; 6:18
4For Moshiach is the goal of the Torah as a means to being YITZDAK IM HASHEM, for all who have emunah.
5For Moshe Rabbeinu writes with reference to the (accessibility of) Tzidkat Torah (righteousness which is from the Torah), The man YA'ASEH OTAM VACHAI#10:5 Lv 18:5 (who does these things will live) by them.
6Whereas the Tzidkat Emunah (righteousness which is from faith) speaks thus: Do not say#10:6 looking for Messianic salvation being merited by superhuman attainments in works in your lev, Who will go up into Shomayim? (that is, to bring Moshiach down)?
7Or, Who will go down into the abyss? (that is, to bring Moshiach up from the Mesim).
8But what does it say? “The Dvar is near you, in your MOUTH and in your HEART.”#10:8 Dt 30:14 That is, the Dvar of Emunah which we proclaim.
9Because if you make hoda'ah (confession) “with your PEH” of Adoneinu Yehoshua, and have emunah “in your LEV” that G-d raised him from the Mesim, you#10:9 See Mt 16:15-18 will be delivered.
10For with the “heart” one has emunah unto being YITZDAK IM HASHEM and with the “mouth” hoda'ah is made unto Yeshu'at Eloheinu.
11For the Kitvei Hakodesh says, Everyone who has emunah in Him shall not be put to shame.#10:11 Isa 28:16
12For there is no distinction between Yehudi and Yevani,#10:12 cf. Ro 3:9 for the same one is Adon Echad l'chulam (one L-rd over all), rich to all who call upon Him.
13For V'HAYAH KOL ASHER YIKRA B'SHEM ADONOI (Everyone whoever calls upon the Name of the L-rd — Yoel 3:5 [2:32]) shall be delivered.
14How therefore shall they call on him in whom they have not believed? And how shall they believe in him of whom they have not heard? And how shall they hear without someone doing the hatafah (preaching)?
15And how shall they do the hatafah (preaching) unless they have been sent? As it is written, “How beautiful are the feet of those who preach” Besuras HaGeulah Isa 52:7.
16But not all have mishma'at (obedience) to the Besuras HaGeulah. For Yeshayah says: MI HE'EMIN LISHMU'ATEINU#10:16 Isa 53:1 (Who has believed that which is heard, our report)?#10:16 cf. Dt 9:4
17So, then, emunah comes from hearing, and hearing comes through the Dvar HaMoshiach.
18But I say, is it the case that they have not heard? On the contrary: “Their sound has gone out into all the earth and their words to the ends of the inhabited world” Ps 19:4.
19But I say, is it the case that Yisroel has not known? First, Moshe Rabbeinu says: I will provoke you to jealousy by those who are not a nation; by a senseless nation I will make you angry.#10:19 Dt 32:21
20And Yeshayah HaNavi is bold as to say: I have been found by those who do not seek Me; I have revealed Myself to those who do not ask for Me.#10:20 Isa 65:1
21But concerning Yisroel he says: All the day I stretched out My hands to a disobedient and obstinate people.#10:21 Isa 65:2
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Romans 10: TOJB2011
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THE ORTHODOX JEWISH BIBLE
FOURTH EDITION © Artists For Israel Intl Inc., 2002-2011, 2021.
Romans 10
10
1 Brothers and sisters,#tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:13. my heart’s desire and prayer to God on behalf of my fellow Israelites#tn Grk “on behalf of them”; the referent (Paul’s fellow Israelites) has been specified in the translation for clarity. is for their salvation. 2 For I can testify that they are zealous for God,#tn Grk “they have a zeal for God.” but their zeal is not in line with the truth.#tn Grk “in accord with knowledge.” sn Their zeal is not in line with the truth means that the Jews’ passion for God was strong, but it ignored the true righteousness of God (v. 3; cf. also 3:21). 3 For ignoring the righteousness that comes from God, and seeking instead to establish their own righteousness, they did not submit to God’s righteousness. 4 For Christ is the end of the law, with the result that there is righteousness for everyone who believes.
5 For Moses writes about the righteousness that is by the law: “The one who does these things will live by them.”#sn A quotation from Lev 18:5. 6 But the righteousness that is by faith says: “Do not say in your heart,#sn A quotation from Deut 9:4. ‘Who will ascend into heaven?’”#sn A quotation from Deut 30:12. (that is, to bring Christ down) 7 or “Who will descend into the abyss?”#sn A quotation from Deut 30:13. (that is, to bring Christ up from the dead). 8 But what does it say? “The word is near you, in your mouth and in your heart”#sn A quotation from Deut 30:14. (that is, the word of faith that we preach), 9 because if you confess with your mouth that Jesus is Lord#tn Or “the Lord.” The Greek construction, along with the quotation from Joel 2:32 in v. 13 (in which the same “Lord” seems to be in view) suggests that κύριον (kurion) is to be taken as “the Lord,” that is, Yahweh. Cf. D. B. Wallace, “The Semantics and Exegetical Significance of the Object-Complement Construction in the New Testament,” GTJ 6 (1985): 91-112. and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved. 10 For with the heart one believes and thus has righteousness#tn Grk “believes to righteousness.” and with the mouth one confesses and thus has salvation.#tn Grk “confesses to salvation.” 11 For the scripture says, “Everyone who believes in him will not be put to shame.”#sn A quotation from Isa 28:16. 12 For there is no distinction between the Jew and the Greek, for the same Lord is Lord of all, who richly blesses all who call on him. 13 For everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.#sn A quotation from Joel 2:32.
14 How are they to call on one they have not believed in? And how are they to believe in one they have not heard of? And how are they to hear without someone preaching to them#tn Grk “preaching”; the words “to them” are supplied for clarification.? 15 And how are they to preach unless they are sent? As it is written, “How timely#tn The word in this context seems to mean “coming at the right or opportune time” (see BDAG 1103 s.v. ὡραῖος 1); it may also mean “beautiful, attractive, welcome.” is the arrival#tn Grk “the feet.” The metaphorical nuance of “beautiful feet” is that such represent timely news. of those who proclaim the good news.”#sn A quotation from Isa 52:7; Nah 1:15. 16 But not all have obeyed the good news, for Isaiah says, “Lord, who has believed our report?”#sn A quotation from Isa 53:1. 17 Consequently faith comes from what is heard, and what is heard comes through the preached word#tn The Greek term here is ῥῆμα (rJhma), which often (but not exclusively) focuses on the spoken word. of Christ.#tc Most mss (א1 A D1 Ψ 33 1881 Ï sy) have θεοῦ (qeou) here rather than Χριστοῦ (Cristou; found in Ì46vid א* B C D* 6 81 629 1506 1739 pc lat co). External evidence strongly favors the reading “Christ” here. Internal evidence is also on its side, for the expression ῥῆμα Χριστοῦ (rJhma Cristou) occurs nowhere else in the NT; thus scribes would be prone to change it to a known expression.tn The genitive could be understood as either subjective (“Christ does the speaking”) or objective (“Christ is spoken about”), but the latter is more likely here.
18 But I ask, have they#tn That is, Israel (see the following verse). not heard?#tn Grk “they have not ‘not heard,’ have they?” This question is difficult to render in English. The basic question is a negative sentence (“Have they not heard?”), but it is preceded by the particle μή (mh) which expects a negative response. The end result in English is a double negative (“They have not ‘not heard,’ have they?”). This has been changed to a positive question in the translation for clarity. See BDAG 646 s.v. μή 3.a.; D. Moo, Romans (NICNT), 666, fn. 32; and C. E. B. Cranfield, Romans (ICC), 537, for discussion. Yes, they have:#tn Here the particle μενοῦνγε (menounge) is correcting the negative response expected by the particle μή (mh) in the preceding question. Since the question has been translated positively, the translation was changed here to reflect that rendering. Their voice has gone out to all the earth, and their words to the ends of the world.#sn A quotation from Ps 19:4. 19 But again I ask, didn’t Israel understand?#tn Grk “Israel did not ‘not know,’ did he?” The double negative in Greek has been translated as a positive affirmation for clarity (see v. 18 above for a similar situation). First Moses says, “I will make you jealous by those who are not a nation; with a senseless nation I will provoke you to anger.”#sn A quotation from Deut 32:21. 20 And Isaiah is even bold enough to say, “I was found by those who did not seek me; I became well known to those who did not ask for me.”#sn A quotation from Isa 65:1. 21 But about Israel he says, “All day long I held out my hands to this disobedient and stubborn people!”#sn A quotation from Isa 65:2.
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