Mattityahu 23
23
1Then Rebbe Melech HaMoshiach spoke to the multitudes and to his Talmidim,
2Saying, Upon the Kisei Moshe (Chair of Moses) sit the Sofrim and the Perushim.
3Therefore, everything whatever they may tell you, be frum and be shomer, but according to their ma'asim (works) do not be shomer, for they do not practice what they preach.
4And they tie up heavy#23:4 extra-Biblical, Mt 4:4; 15:3,6-9; 22:29 loads, hard to bear, and they place them upon the shoulders of men, but they, with so much as a finger, are not willing to lift the oppressive burdens.
5And all their ma'asim hamitzvot (works of the commandments) they do in order to be seen by Bnei Adam, for they broaden their tefillin and lengthen their tzitziyot,
6and they love the places of honor at the seudot (banquet dinners), and the shuls,
7And the#23:7 obsequious Birkat Shalom greetings in the market places, and to be called by Bnei Adam, Rebbe.
8But you are not to have pretentious titles like Rebbe, for One is your Rebbe,#23:8 Rebbe Melech HaMoshiach and all of you are Achim b'Moshiach.
9And do not refer to anyone in the Olam Hazeh as your Abba, for One is your Av shbaShomayim.
10Neither be called Moreinu, for One is your Moreh (teacher) the Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach.#23:10 Moreinu
11And the greatest among you will be your eved mesharet (servant, minister).
12But whoever will lift up himself will be humbled, and whoever will humble himself will be lifted up.
13But oy to you, Sofrim and Perushim, tzevuim (hypocrites), for in front of Bnei Adam you shut the Malchut HaShomayim. You do not go in yourselves, and the ones entering, you do not permit to enter.
14Oy to you, Sofrim and Perushim, tzevuim! You devour the batim of almanot and for the sake of chashuve (importance) appearance you make long tefillot; therefore your gezar din (verdict) will be more severe.
15Oy to you, Sofrim and Perushim, tzevuim. You travel over the sea and the dry land for the giyyur (proselytization) of one proselyte; then, when he becomes one, you make him twice as much a son of Gehinnom as you.
16Oy to you, morei derech ivrim (blind guides), the, ones saying, Whoever swears by the Beis Hamikdash, it is a worthless shevuah (oath): but whoever swears by the gold of the Beis Hamikdash, he is obligated.
17Ivrim! (blind ones), for which is greater, the gold or the Beis Hamikdash which gives the gold its kedushah (holiness, sanctity)?
18And whoever swears by the Mizbeach (altar), it is worthless; but whoever swears by the korban upon it, he is obligated.
19Ivrim, blind ones, for which is greater, the korban or Mizbeach which gives the korban its kedushah (holiness, sanctity)?
20Therefore, the one having sworn by the Mizbeach swears by it and everything upon it.
21And the one having sworn by the Beis Hamikdash swears by it and by everything indwelling it.
22And the one having sworn by Shomayim swears by the kes malchut of Hashem and by the One sitting upon the kes malchut.
23Oy to you, Sofrim and Perushim, tzevuim, for you give maasros (tithe) of mint and dill and cumin, and you have neglected the matters of the Torah of greater consequence: mishpat, chesed, and emunah. These things it was necessary to do and those#23:23 others not to neglect.
24Morei derech ivrim (blind guides), the ones that strain out a gnat and swallow a camel.
25Oy to you, Sofrim and Perushim, tzevuim, you cleanse the outside of the kos (cup) and the dish, but inside they are full of chamdanut (greed) and taavanut (lust).
26Blind Parush, first cleanse the inside of the kos, that perhaps also the outside may become clean.
27Oy to you, Sofrim and Perushim, tzevuim, for you are like kevarim (graves) having been whitewashed, which on the outside indeed appear ois vaist (ostensibly) shein (beautiful), but on the inside are full of the unclean bones of the mesim (dead ones) and every trayfnyak.
28Thus on the outside you indeed appear tzaddikim (righteous ones) to Bnei Adam, but on the inside you are full of tzeviut (hypocrisy) and you are lawlessly against the Torah.
29Oy to you, Sofrim and Perushim, tzevuim, for you build kevarim of the Neviim and decorate matsevot (gravestones) of the tzaddikim,
30And you say, If we were in the yamim (days) of Avoteinu (our Fathers), we would not have been shuttafim (partners) with them in the dahm haNeviim (blood of the Prophets).
31Therefore, you are edim (witnesses) against yourselves that you are the banim (sons) of the ratzchaniyot (murderers) of the Neviim.
32And you fill up the measure of your Avot.
33Snakes, you banim of nachashim, how can you escape the Yom HaDin of Gehinnom?
34For this reason hinei! I send to you Neviim and Chachamim and Sofrim, some of whom you will kill and some you will make talui al haetz#23:34 Dt 21:23 (being hanged on the Tree) and some you will subject to the shot (whip) in your shuls, and you will drive them out from city to city,
35So that upon you may come all the dahm naki (innocent blood) shed upon the earth from the blood of Hevel to the blood of Zecharyah son of Barachiah, whom you murdered between the Heikhal and the Mizbeach.#23:35 trans. note: cf. Lk 11:51 for Mtʼs probable original text here
36Omein, I say to you, that all these things will come upon this generation.
37Yerushalayim, Yerushalayim, the ones that kill the Neviim and stone those having been sent to you! How often have I wanted to gather your yeladim, as a hen gathers her chickens under her wings, but you were not willing!
38Hinei! Look! KI LECHARBAH YIH'YEH HABEIT HAZEH#23:38 Jer 22:5 (for this House will become a ruin).#23:38 (i.e. churban)
39For I say to you, by no means will you see me#23:39 Moshiach from now until you say, BARUCH HABAH B'SHEM ADONOI.
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Mattityahu 23: TOJB2011
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THE ORTHODOX JEWISH BIBLE
FOURTH EDITION © Artists For Israel Intl Inc., 2002-2011, 2021.
Matthew 23
23
Religious Hypocrites Denounced
1Then # Mk 12:38-39; Lk 20:45-46 Jesus spoke to the crowds and to His disciples: # Mt 10:42; 28:19; Lk 14:26; Jn 8:31; 13:35; 15:8; Ac 6:1 2“The scribes and the Pharisees are seated in the chair of Moses. # Perhaps a special chair for teaching in synagogues, or a metaphorical phrase for teaching with Moses’ authority # Ezr 7:6,25; Neh 8:4 3Therefore do whatever they tell you, and observe it. But don’t do what they do, # Lit do according to their works because they don’t practice what they teach. # Mt 5:20; 15:3-9; Rm 2:17-23 4They tie up heavy loads that are hard to carry # Other mss omit that are hard to carry and put them on people’s shoulders, but they themselves aren’t willing to lift a finger # Lit lift with their finger to move them. # Lk 11:46; Ac 15:10; Gl 6:13 5They do everything # Lit do all their works to be observed by others: They enlarge their phylacteries # Small leather boxes containing OT texts, worn by Jews on their arms and foreheads # Ex 13:9; Dt 6:8; 11:18; Mt 6:1,5,16 and lengthen their tassels. # Other mss add on their robes # Mt 9:20; 14:36; Mk 6:56; Lk 8:44 6They love the place of honor at banquets, the front seats in the synagogues, # Lk 11:43; 14:7; 20:46 7greetings in the marketplaces, and to be called ‘Rabbi’ by people.
8“But as for you, do not be called ‘Rabbi,’ because you have one Teacher, # Other mss add the Messiah and you are all brothers. # Mk 9:5; 10:51; Jn 1:38,49; 11:8; Jms 3:1 9Do not call anyone on earth your father, because you have one Father, who is in heaven. # Mal 1:6; Mt 6:9; 7:11 10And do not be called masters either, because you have one Master, # Or Teacher the Messiah. 11The greatest among you will be your servant. # Mt 20:26-27; Mk 9:35; 3Jn 9 12Whoever exalts himself will be humbled, and whoever humbles himself will be exalted. # Pr 29:23; Ezk 21:26; Lk 14:11; 18:14; Jms 4:6,10; 1Pt 5:5-6
13“But woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You lock up the kingdom of heaven from people. For you don’t go in, and you don’t allow those entering to go in. # Mt 23:15,23,25; Lk 11:52
14“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You devour widows’ houses and make long prayers just for show. # Or prayers with false motivation This is why you will receive a harsher punishment. # Other mss omit bracketed text
15“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You travel over land and sea to make one proselyte, # Ac 2:11; 6:5; 13:43 and when he becomes one, you make him twice as fit for hell # Lit twice the son of gehenna as you are!
16“Woe to you, blind guides, # Mt 15:14; 23:24; Ac 1:16; Rm 2:19 who say, ‘Whoever takes an oath by the sanctuary, it means nothing. But whoever takes an oath # Lv 19:12; Nm 30:2; Dt 23:21; Mt 5:33; 14:7; 26:63,72 by the gold of the sanctuary is bound by his oath.’ # Lit is obligated 17Blind fools! # Lit Fools and blind For which is greater, the gold or the sanctuary that sanctified the gold? 18Also, ‘Whoever takes an oath by the altar, it means nothing. But whoever takes an oath by the gift that is on it is bound by his oath.’ # Lit is obligated 19Blind people! # Other mss read Fools and blind For which is greater, the gift or the altar that sanctifies the gift? # Ex 29:37; 30:29 20Therefore, the one who takes an oath by the altar takes an oath by it and by everything on it. 21The one who takes an oath by the sanctuary takes an oath by it and by Him who dwells # 1Kg 8:13; 2Ch 6:2; Ps 26:8; 132:14 in it. 22And the one who takes an oath by heaven takes an oath by God’s throne # Ex 17:16; Ps 11:4; Mt 5:34; Heb 8:1 and by Him who sits on it. # Ps 47:8; Mt 19:28; Rv 4:2
23“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You pay a tenth of # Or You tithe mint, dill, and cumin, # A plant whose seeds are used as a seasoning yet you have neglected the more important matters of the law — justice, # 1Sm 15:22; Ps 33:5; Jr 5:1; Mc 6:8; Zch 7:9; Lk 11:42 mercy, and faith. These things should have been done without neglecting the others. 24Blind guides! # Mt 15:14; 23:16 You strain out a gnat, yet gulp down a camel!
25“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You clean the outside of the cup and dish, but inside they are full of greed # Or full of violence and self-indulgence! # Mk 7:4; Lk 11:39 26Blind Pharisee! First clean the inside of the cup, # Other mss add and dish so the outside of it # Other mss read of them may also become clean.
27“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You are like whitewashed tombs, # Lk 11:44; Ac 23:3 which appear beautiful on the outside, but inside are full of dead men’s bones and every impurity. 28In the same way, on the outside you seem righteous to people, but inside you are full of hypocrisy and lawlessness.
29“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You build the tombs of the prophets and decorate the monuments of the righteous, 30and you say, ‘If we had lived in the days of our fathers, we wouldn’t have taken part with them in shedding the prophets’ blood.’ # Lit have been partakers with them in the blood of the prophets 31You, therefore, testify against yourselves that you are sons of those who murdered the prophets. 32Fill up, then, the measure of your fathers’ sins! # Lit the measure of your fathers # Gn 15:16; Ac 7:51; 1Th 2:15-16
33“Snakes! Brood of vipers! How can you escape being condemned to hell? # Lit escape from the judgment of gehenna # Mt 3:7; 5:22; 12:34 34This is why I am sending you prophets, # Ac 13:1; 1Co 12:28 sages, and scribes. Some of them you will kill and crucify, and some of them you will flog in your synagogues # 2Ch 36:15-16; Mt 10:17; Ac 22:19 and hound from town to town. 35So all the righteous blood shed on the earth will be charged to you, # Lit will come on you from the blood of righteous Abel to the blood of Zechariah, # 2Ch 24:21; Zch 1:1 son of Berechiah, whom you murdered between the sanctuary and the altar. # Gn 4:8; Heb 11:4; 1Jn 3:12; Rv 18:24 36I assure you: All these things will come on this generation! # Mt 10:23; 16:28; 24:34
Jesus’ Lamentation over Jerusalem
37“Jerusalem, Jerusalem! # Lk 13:34-35 She who kills the prophets and stones those who are sent to her. How often I wanted to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks # Or as a mother bird gathers her young under her wings, yet you were not willing! # Dt 32:11-12; Ru 2:12; Mt 5:12 38See, your house is left to you desolate. # 1Kg 9:7; Is 64:11; Jr 12:7; 22:5 39For I tell you, you will never see Me again until you say, ‘He who comes in the name of the Lord is the blessed One’! ” # Ps 118:26; Mt 21:9 # Ps 118:26
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