Leviticus 19
19
1 The LORD spoke to Moses, saying, 2“Speak to all the congregation of the children of Israel, and tell them, ‘You shall be holy; for I, the LORD your God, am holy.
3“‘Each one of you shall respect his mother and his father. You shall keep my Sabbaths. I am the LORD your God.
4“‘Don’t turn to idols, nor make molten gods for yourselves. I am the LORD your God.
5“‘When you offer a sacrifice of peace offerings to the LORD, you shall offer it so that you may be accepted. 6It shall be eaten the same day you offer it, and on the next day. If anything remains until the third day, it shall be burned with fire. 7If it is eaten at all on the third day, it is an abomination. It will not be accepted; 8but everyone who eats it shall bear his iniquity, because he has profaned the holy thing of the LORD, and that soul shall be cut off from his people.
9“‘When you reap the harvest of your land, you shall not wholly reap the corners of your field, neither shall you gather the gleanings of your harvest. 10You shall not glean your vineyard, neither shall you gather the fallen grapes of your vineyard. You shall leave them for the poor and for the foreigner. I am the LORD your God.
11“‘You shall not steal.
“‘You shall not lie.
“‘You shall not deceive one another.
12“‘You shall not swear by my name falsely, and profane the name of your God. I am the LORD.
13“‘You shall not oppress your neighbor, nor rob him.
“‘The wages of a hired servant shall not remain with you all night until the morning.
14“‘You shall not curse the deaf, nor put a stumbling block before the blind; but you shall fear your God. I am the LORD.
15“‘You shall do no injustice in judgment. You shall not be partial to the poor, nor show favoritism to the great; but you shall judge your neighbor in righteousness.
16“‘You shall not go around as a slanderer among your people.
“‘You shall not endanger the life#19:16 literally, “blood” of your neighbor. I am the LORD.
17“‘You shall not hate your brother in your heart. You shall surely rebuke your neighbor, and not bear sin because of him.
18“‘You shall not take vengeance, nor bear any grudge against the children of your people; but you shall love your neighbor as yourself. I am the LORD.
19“‘You shall keep my statutes.
“‘You shall not cross-breed different kinds of animals.
“‘You shall not sow your field with two kinds of seed;
“‘Don’t wear a garment made of two kinds of material.
20“‘If a man lies carnally with a woman who is a slave girl, pledged to be married to another man, and not ransomed or given her freedom; they shall be punished. They shall not be put to death, because she was not free. 21He shall bring his trespass offering to the LORD, to the door of the Tent of Meeting, even a ram for a trespass offering. 22The priest shall make atonement for him with the ram of the trespass offering before the LORD for his sin which he has committed; and the sin which he has committed shall be forgiven him.
23“‘When you come into the land, and have planted all kinds of trees for food, then you shall count their fruit as forbidden.#19:23 literally, “uncircumcised” For three years it shall be forbidden to you. It shall not be eaten. 24But in the fourth year all its fruit shall be holy, for giving praise to the LORD. 25In the fifth year you shall eat its fruit, that it may yield its increase to you. I am the LORD your God.
26“‘You shall not eat any meat with the blood still in it. You shall not use enchantments, nor practice sorcery.
27“‘You shall not cut the hair on the sides of your head or clip off the edge of your beard.
28“‘You shall not make any cuttings in your flesh for the dead, nor tattoo any marks on you. I am the LORD.
29“‘Don’t profane your daughter, to make her a prostitute; lest the land fall to prostitution, and the land become full of wickedness.
30“‘You shall keep my Sabbaths, and reverence my sanctuary; I am the LORD.
31“‘Don’t turn to those who are mediums, nor to the wizards. Don’t seek them out, to be defiled by them. I am the LORD your God.
32“‘You shall rise up before the gray head and honor the face of the elderly; and you shall fear your God. I am the LORD.
33“‘If a stranger lives as a foreigner with you in your land, you shall not do him wrong. 34The stranger who lives as a foreigner with you shall be to you as the native-born among you, and you shall love him as yourself; for you lived as foreigners in the land of Egypt. I am the LORD your God.
35“‘You shall do no unrighteousness in judgment, in measures of length, of weight, or of quantity. 36You shall have just balances, just weights, a just efah,#19:36 1 efah is about 22 liters or about 2/3 of a bushel and a just hin.#19:36 A hin is about 6.5 liters or 1.7 gallons. I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt.
37“‘You shall observe all my statutes and all my ordinances, and do them. I am the LORD.’”
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Leviticus 19
19
Moral and Religious Laws
1The Lord told Moses 2#Lv 11.44,45; 1 P 1.16. to say to the community of Israel:
I am the Lord your God. I am holy, and you must be holy too! 3-4#Ex 20.12; Dt 5.16; Ex 20.8; Dt 5.12; Lv 26.1; Ex 20.23; 34.17; Dt 17.2-7. Respect your father and your mother, honor the Sabbath, and don't make idols or images. I am the Lord your God.
5When you offer a sacrifice to ask my blessing,#19.5 sacrifice … to ask my blessing: See the note at 3.1. be sure to follow my instructions. 6You may eat the meat either on the day of the sacrifice or on the next day, but you must burn anything left over on the third day. 7If you eat any of it on the third day, the sacrifice will be disgusting to me, and I will reject it. 8In fact, you will be punished for not respecting what I say is holy, and you will no longer belong to the community of Israel.
9 #
Lv 23.22; Dt 24.19-22. When you harvest your grain, always leave some of it standing along the edges of your fields and don't pick up what falls on the ground. 10Don't strip your grapevines clean or gather the grapes that fall off the vines. Leave them for the poor and for those foreigners who live among you. I am the Lord your God.
11 #
Ex 20.15; Dt 5.19;
Ex 20.16; Dt 5.20. Do not steal or tell lies or cheat others.
12 #
Ex 20.7; Dt 5.11; Mt 5.33. Do not misuse my name by making promises you don't intend to keep. I am the Lord your God.
13 #
Dt 24.14,15. Do not steal anything or cheat anyone, and don't fail to pay your workers at the end of each day.#19.13 to pay … end of each day: Day laborers needed their wages to buy food for their evening meal, which was the main meal of the day.
14 #
Dt 27.14-26. I am the Lord your God, and I command you not to make fun of the deaf or to cause a blind person to stumble.
15 #
Ex 23.6-8; Dt 16.19. Be fair, no matter who is on trial—don't favor either the poor or the rich.
16Don't be a gossip, but never hesitate to speak up in court, especially if your testimony can save someone's life.#19.16 but never … someone's life: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text.
17 #
Mt 18.15. Don't hold grudges. On the other hand, it's wrong not to correct someone who needs correcting. 18#Mt 5.43; 19.19; 22.39; Mk 12.31; Lk 10.27; Ro 13.9; Ga 5.14; Jas 2.8. Don't be angry or try to take revenge. I am the Lord, and I command you to love others as much as you love yourself.
19 #
Dt 22.9-11. Breed your livestock animals only with animals of the same kind, and don't plant two kinds of seed in the same field or wear clothes made of different kinds of material.
20If a man has sex with a slave woman who is promised in marriage to someone else, he must pay a fine, but they are not to be put to death. After all, she was still a slave at the time.#19.20 time: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text of verse 20. 21-22The man must bring a ram to the entrance of the sacred tent and give it to a priest, who will then offer it as a sacrifice to me, so the man's sins will be forgiven.
23After you enter the land, you will plant fruit trees, but you are not to eat any fruit from them for the first three years. 24In the fourth year the fruit must be set apart, as an expression of thanks 25to me, the Lord God. Do this, and in the fifth year, those trees will produce an abundant harvest of fruit for you to eat.
26 #
Gn 9.4; Lv 7.26,27; 17.10-14; Dt 12.5-19,23,24; 15.23;
Dt 18.10,11. Don't eat the blood of any animal.
Don't practice any kind of witchcraft.
27-28 #
Lv 21.5; Dt 14.1. I forbid you to shave any part of your head or beard or to cut and tattoo yourself as a way of worshiping the dead.
29 #
Dt 23.17. Don't let your daughters serve as temple prostitutes—this would bring disgrace both to them and the land.
30 #
Lv 26.2. I command you to respect the Sabbath and the place where I am worshiped.
31 #
Dt 18.10,11; 1 S 28.1-3; 2 K 23.4; Is 8.19. Don't make yourselves disgusting to me by going to people who claim they can talk to the dead.
32I command you to show respect for older people and to obey me with fear and trembling.
33 #
Ex 22.21; Dt 24.17,18; 27.14-26. Don't mistreat any foreigners who live in your land. 34Instead, treat them as well as you treat your own people and love them as much as you love yourself. Remember, you were once foreigners in the land of Egypt. I am the Lord your God.
35-36 #
Dt 25.13-16; Pr 20.10; Ez 45.10. Use honest scales and don't cheat when you weigh or measure anything.
I am the Lord your God. I rescued you from Egypt, 37and I command you to obey my laws.
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