I Samuel 14
14
Jonathan Defeats the Philistines
1Now it happened one day that Jonathan the son of Saul said to the young man who bore his armor, “Come, let us go over to the Philistines’ garrison that is on the other side.” But he did not tell his father. 2And Saul was sitting in the outskirts of #1 Sam. 14:1, 4Gibeah under a pomegranate tree which is in Migron. The people who were with him were about six hundred men. 3#1 Sam. 13:15, 16Ahijah the son of Ahitub, #1 Sam. 22:9, 11, 20Ichabod’s brother, the son of Phinehas, the son of Eli, the Lord’s priest in Shiloh, was #1 Sam. 4:21wearing an ephod. But the people did not know that Jonathan had gone.
4Between the passes, by which Jonathan sought to go over #1 Sam. 2:28to the Philistines’ garrison, there was a sharp rock on one side and a sharp rock on the other side. And the name of one was Bozez, and the name of the other Seneh. 5The front of one faced northward opposite Michmash, and the other southward opposite Gibeah.
6Then Jonathan said to the young man who bore his armor, “Come, let us go over to the garrison of these #1 Sam. 13:23uncircumcised; it may be that the Lord will work for us. For nothing restrains the Lord #1 Sam. 17:26, 36; Jer. 9:25, 26from saving by many or by few.”
7So his armorbearer said to him, “Do all that is in your heart. Go then; here I am with you, according to your heart.”
8Then Jonathan said, “Very well, let us cross over to these men, and we will show ourselves to them. 9If they say thus to us, ‘Wait until we come to you,’ then we will stand still in our place and not go up to them. 10But if they say thus, ‘Come up to us,’ then we will go up. For the Lord has delivered them into our hand, and #Judg. 7:4, 7; 1 Sam. 17:46, 47; 2 Chr. 14:11; (Ps. 115:3; 135:6; Zech. 4:6; Matt. 19:26; Rom. 8:31)this will be a sign to us.”
11So both of them showed themselves to the garrison of the Philistines. And the Philistines said, “Look, the Hebrews are coming out of the holes where they have #Gen. 24:14; Judg. 6:36–40hidden.” 12Then the men of the garrison called to Jonathan and his armorbearer, and said, “Come up to us, and we will show you something.”
Jonathan said to his armorbearer, “Come up after me, for the Lord has delivered them into the hand of Israel.” 13And Jonathan climbed up on his hands and knees with his armorbearer after him; and they #1 Sam. 13:6; 14:22fell before Jonathan. And as he came after him, his armorbearer killed them. 14That first slaughter which Jonathan and his armorbearer made was about twenty men within about half an acre of land.
15And #Lev. 26:8; Josh. 23:10there was trembling in the camp, in the field, and among all the people. The garrison and #Deut. 28:7; 2 Kin. 7:6, 7; Job 18:11the raiders also trembled; and the earth quaked, so that it was #1 Sam. 13:17a very great trembling. 16Now the watchmen of Saul in Gibeah of Benjamin looked, and there was the multitude, melting away; and they #Gen. 35:5went here and there. 17Then Saul said to the people who were with him, “Now call the roll and see who has gone from us.” And when they had called the roll, surprisingly, Jonathan and his armorbearer were not there. 18And Saul said to Ahijah, “Bring the ark of God here” (for at that time the ark of God was with the children of Israel). 19Now it happened, while Saul #1 Sam. 14:20talked to the priest, that the noise which was in the camp of the Philistines continued to increase; so Saul said to the priest, “Withdraw your hand.” 20Then Saul and all the people who were with him assembled, and they went to the battle; and indeed #Num. 27:21every man’s sword was against his neighbor, and there was very great confusion. 21Moreover the Hebrews who were with the Philistines before that time, who went up with them into the camp from the surrounding country, they also joined the Israelites who were with Saul and Jonathan. 22Likewise all the men of Israel who #Judg. 7:22; 2 Chr. 20:23had hidden in the mountains of Ephraim, when they heard that the Philistines fled, they also followed hard after them in the battle. 23#1 Sam. 13:6So the Lord saved Israel that day, and the battle shifted #Ex. 14:30; 2 Chr. 32:22; Hos. 1:7to Beth Aven.
Saul’s Rash Oath
24And the men of Israel were distressed that day, for Saul had #1 Sam. 13:5placed the people under oath, saying, “Cursed is the man who eats any food until evening, before I have taken vengeance on my enemies.” So none of the people tasted food. 25#Josh. 6:26Now all the people of the land came to a forest; and there was #Deut. 9:28; Matt. 3:5honey on the ground. 26And when the people had come into the woods, there was the honey, dripping; but no one put his hand to his mouth, for the people feared the oath. 27But Jonathan had not heard his father charge the people with the oath; therefore he stretched out the end of the rod that was in his hand and dipped it in a honeycomb, and put his hand to his mouth; and his countenance brightened. 28Then one of the people said, “Your father strictly charged the people with an oath, saying, ‘Cursed is the man who eats food this day.’ ” And the people were faint.
29But Jonathan said, “My father has troubled the land. Look now, how my countenance has brightened because I tasted a little of this honey. 30How much better if the people had eaten freely today of the spoil of their enemies which they found! For now would there not have been a much greater slaughter among the Philistines?”
31Now they had driven back the Philistines that day from Michmash to Aijalon. So the people were very faint. 32And the people rushed on the spoil, and took sheep, oxen, and calves, and slaughtered them on the ground; and the people ate them #Ex. 3:8; Num. 13:27; Matt. 3:4with the blood. 33Then they told Saul, saying, “Look, the people are sinning against the Lord by eating with the blood!”
So he said, “You have dealt treacherously; roll a large stone to me this day.” 34Then Saul said, “Disperse yourselves among the people, and say to them, ‘Bring me here every man’s ox and every man’s sheep, slaughter them here, and eat; and do not sin against the Lord by eating with the blood.’ ” So every one of the people brought his ox with him that night, and slaughtered it there. 35Then Saul #Gen. 9:4; Lev. 3:17; 17:10–14; 19:26; Deut. 12:16, 23, 24; Acts 15:20built an altar to the Lord. This was the first altar that he built to the Lord.
36Now Saul said, “Let us go down after the Philistines by night, and plunder them until the morning light; and let us not leave a man of them.”
And they said, “Do whatever seems good to you.”
Then the priest said, “Let us draw near to God here.”
37So Saul #1 Sam. 7:12, 17; 2 Sam. 24:25asked counsel of God, “Shall I go down after the Philistines? Will You deliver them into the hand of Israel?” But #Judg. 20:18He did not answer him that day. 38And Saul said, #1 Sam. 28:6“Come over here, all you chiefs of the people, and know and see what this sin was today. 39For #Josh. 7:14; 1 Sam. 10:19as the Lord lives, who saves Israel, though it be in Jonathan my son, he shall surely die.” But not a man among all the people answered him. 40Then he said to all Israel, “You be on one side, and my son Jonathan and I will be on the other side.”
And the people said to Saul, “Do what seems good to you.”
41Therefore Saul said to the Lord God of Israel, #1 Sam. 14:24, 44; 2 Sam. 12:5“Give a perfect lot.” #Prov. 16:33; Acts 1:24–26So Saul and Jonathan were taken, but the people escaped. 42And Saul said, “Cast lots between my son Jonathan and me.” So Jonathan was taken. 43Then Saul said to Jonathan, #Josh. 7:16; 1 Sam. 10:20, 21“Tell me what you have done.”
And Jonathan told him, and said, #Josh. 7:19“I only tasted a little honey with the end of the rod that was in my hand. So now I must die!”
44Saul answered, #1 Sam. 14:27“God do so and more also; #Ruth 1:17; 1 Sam. 25:22for you shall surely die, Jonathan.”
45But the people said to Saul, “Shall Jonathan die, who has accomplished this great deliverance in Israel? Certainly not! #1 Sam. 14:39As the Lord lives, not one hair of his head shall fall to the ground, for he has worked #2 Sam. 14:11; 1 Kin. 1:52; Luke 21:18; Acts 27:34with God this day.” So the people rescued Jonathan, and he did not die.
46Then Saul returned from pursuing the Philistines, and the Philistines went to their own place.
Saul’s Continuing Wars
47So Saul established his sovereignty over Israel, and fought against all his enemies on every side, against Moab, against the people of #(2 Cor. 6:1; Phil. 2:12, 13)Ammon, against Edom, against the kings of #1 Sam. 11:1–13Zobah, and against the Philistines. Wherever he turned, he harassed them. 48And he gathered an army and #2 Sam. 10:6attacked the Amalekites, and delivered Israel from the hands of those who plundered them.
49#Ex. 17:16; 1 Sam. 15:3–7The sons of Saul were Jonathan, Jishui, and Malchishua. And the names of his two daughters were these: the name of the firstborn Merab, and the name of the younger #1 Sam. 31:2; 1 Chr. 8:33Michal. 50The name of Saul’s wife was Ahinoam the daughter of Ahimaaz. And the name of the commander of his army was Abner the son of Ner, Saul’s #1 Sam. 18:17–20, 27; 19:12uncle. 51#1 Sam. 10:14Kish was the father of Saul, and Ner the father of Abner was the son of Abiel.
52Now there was fierce war with the Philistines all the days of Saul. And when Saul saw any strong man or any valiant man, #1 Sam. 9:1, 21he took him for himself.
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I Samuel 14: NKJV
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The Holy Bible, New King James Version, Copyright © 1982 Thomas Nelson. All rights reserved.
1 Samuel 14
14
1That same day Saul’s son Jonathan said to the attendant who carried his weapons, “Come on, let’s cross over to the Philistine garrison on the other side.” However, he did not tell his father.
2Saul was staying under the pomegranate tree in Migron # Is 10:28 on the outskirts of Gibeah. # LXX reads on top of the hill # 1Sm 13:15-16 The troops with him numbered about 600. # 1Sm 13:15 3Ahijah, # 1Sm 22:9-12,20 who was wearing an ephod, # 1Sm 2:28 was also there. He was the son of Ahitub, the brother of Ichabod # 1Sm 4:21 son of Phinehas, son of Eli the Lord’s priest at Shiloh. # 1Sm 1:3 But the troops did not know that Jonathan had left.
4There were sharp columns # Lit There was a tooth of rock on both sides of the pass # 1Sm 13:23 that Jonathan intended to cross to reach the Philistine garrison. One was named Bozez and the other Seneh; 5one stood to the north in front of Michmash and the other to the south in front of Geba. 6Jonathan said to the attendant who carried his weapons, “Come on, let’s cross over to the garrison of these uncircumcised men. # 1Sm 17:26,36; Jr 9:25-26 Perhaps the Lord will help us. Nothing can keep the Lord from saving, whether by many or by few.” # Jdg 7:4-7
7His armor-bearer responded, “Do what is in your heart. You choose. I’m right here with you whatever you decide.”
8“All right,” Jonathan replied, “we’ll cross over to the men and then let them see us. 9If they say, ‘Wait until we reach you,’ then we will stay where we are and not go up to them. 10But if they say, ‘Come on up,’ then we’ll go up, because the Lord has handed them over to us — that will be our sign.”
11They let themselves be seen by the Philistine garrison, and the Philistines said, “Look, the Hebrews are coming out of the holes where they’ve been hiding! ” 12The men of the garrison called to Jonathan and his armor-bearer. “Come on up, and we’ll teach you a lesson! ” they said.
“Follow me,” Jonathan told his armor-bearer, “for the Lord has handed them over to Israel.” # 2Sm 5:24 13Jonathan climbed up using his hands and feet, with his armor-bearer behind him. Jonathan cut them down, and his armor-bearer followed and finished them off. 14In that first assault Jonathan and his armor-bearer struck down about 20 men in a half-acre field.
A Defeat for the Philistines
15Terror spread through the Philistine camp and the open fields to all the troops. Even the garrison and the raiding parties # 1Sm 13:17-18 were terrified. The earth shook, # 1Sm 7:10 and terror spread from God. # Or and a great terror spread # 2Kg 7:6 16When Saul’s watchmen in Gibeah of Benjamin looked, they saw the panicking troops scattering in every direction. 17So Saul said to the troops with him, “Call the roll and determine who has left us.” They called the roll and saw that Jonathan and his armor-bearer were gone.
18Saul told Ahijah, “Bring the ark of God,” for it was with the Israelites # LXX reads “Bring the ephod.” For he wore the ephod before Israel at that time. 19While Saul spoke to the priest, # Nm 27:21 the panic in the Philistine camp increased in intensity. So Saul said to the priest, “Stop what you’re doing.” # Lit Withdraw your hand
20Saul and all the troops with him assembled and marched to the battle, and there, the Philistines were fighting against each other in great confusion! # Jdg 7:22; 2Ch 20:23 21There were Hebrews from the area who had gone earlier into the camp to join the Philistines, but even they joined the Israelites # 1Sm 29:4 who were with Saul and Jonathan. 22When all the Israelite men who had been hiding in the hill country of Ephraim # 1Sm 13:6 heard that the Philistines were fleeing, they also joined Saul and Jonathan in the battle. 23So the Lord saved Israel that day. # Ex 14:30
Saul’s Rash Oath
The battle extended beyond Beth-aven, 24and the men of Israel were worn out that day, for Saul had # LXX adds committed a great act of ignorance and placed the troops under an oath: # Jos 6:26 “The man who eats food before evening, before I have taken vengeance on my enemies is cursed.” So none of the troops tasted any food.
25Everyone # Lit All the land went into the forest, and there was honey on the ground. 26When the troops entered the forest, they saw the flow of honey, but none of them ate any of it # Lit but there was none who raised his hand to his mouth because they feared the oath. 27However, Jonathan had not heard his father make the troops swear the oath. He reached out with the end of the staff he was carrying and dipped it into the honeycomb. # 1Sm 14:43 When he ate the honey, # Lit he returned his hand to his mouth he had renewed energy. # 1Sm 30:12 28Then, one of the troops said, “Your father made the troops solemnly swear, ‘The man who eats food today is cursed,’ and the troops are exhausted.”
29Jonathan replied, “My father has brought trouble to the land. # 1Kg 18:17-18 Just look at how I have renewed energy because I tasted a little honey. 30How much better if the troops had eaten freely today from the plunder they took from their enemies! Then the slaughter of the Philistines would have been much greater.”
31The Israelites struck down the Philistines that day from Michmash # 1Sm 14:5 all the way to Aijalon. # Jos 10:12 Since the Israelites were completely exhausted, 32they rushed to the plunder, # 1Sm 15:19 took sheep, cattle, and calves, slaughtered them on the ground, and ate meat with the blood still in it. 33Some reported to Saul: “Look, the troops are sinning against the Lord by eating meat with the blood still in it.” # Gn 9:4; Lv 17:10-12
Saul said, “You have been unfaithful. Roll a large stone over here at once.” 34He then said, “Go among the troops and say to them, ‘Each man must bring me his ox or his sheep. Do the slaughtering here and then you can eat. Don’t sin against the Lord by eating meat with the blood in it.’ ” So every one of the troops brought his ox that night and slaughtered it there. 35Then Saul built an altar to the Lord; it was the first time he had built an altar to the Lord. # 1Sm 7:12,17
36Saul said, “Let’s go down after the Philistines tonight and plunder them until morning. Don’t let even one remain! ”
“Do whatever you want,” # Lit Do what is good in your eyes the troops replied.
But the priest # 1Sm 14:3,18-19 said, “We must consult God here.” # Jdg 18:5-6
37So Saul inquired of God, # 1Sm 10:22 “Should I go after the Philistines? Will You hand them over to Israel? ” But God did not answer him that day. # 1Sm 28:6
38Saul said, “All you leaders of the troops, come here. Let us investigate how this sin has occurred today. 39As surely as the Lord lives who saves Israel, even if it is because of my son Jonathan, he must die! ” Not one of the troops answered him.
40So he said to all Israel, “You will be on one side, and I and my son Jonathan will be on the other side.”
And the troops replied, “Do whatever you want.” # Lit Do what is good in your eyes
41So Saul said to the Lord, “God of Israel, give us the right decision.” # LXX reads Israel, why have You not answered Your servant today? If the unrighteousness is in me or in my son Jonathan, Lord God of Israel, give Urim; but if the guilt is in Your people Israel, give Thummim.” # Ac 1:24 Jonathan and Saul were selected, and the troops were cleared of the charge.
42Then Saul said, “Cast the lot between me and my son Jonathan,” and Jonathan was selected. 43Saul commanded him, “Tell me what you did.” # Jos 7:19
Jonathan told him, “I tasted a little honey # 1Sm 14:27 with the end of the staff I was carrying. I am ready to die! ”
44Saul declared to him, “May God punish me and do so severely # 1Sm 25:22 if you do not die, Jonathan! ”
45But the people said to Saul, “Must Jonathan die, who accomplished such a great deliverance for Israel? No, as the Lord lives, not a hair of his head will fall to the ground, # 2Sm 14:11; 1Kg 1:52; Ac 27:34 for he worked with God’s help today.” # Jn 3:21 So the people redeemed Jonathan, and he did not die. 46Then Saul gave up the pursuit of the Philistines, and the Philistines returned to their own territory.
Summary of Saul’s Kingship
47When Saul assumed the kingship over Israel, he fought against all his enemies in every direction: against Moab, the Ammonites, # 1Sm 11:1-13 Edom, the kings of Zobah, # 2Sm 8:3-10 and the Philistines. Wherever he turned, he caused havoc. # LXX reads he was victorious 48He fought bravely, defeated the Amalekites, # 1Sm 15:3,7 and delivered Israel from the hand of those who plundered them.
49Saul’s sons # 1Sm 31:2; 1Ch 10:2 were Jonathan, Ishvi, and Malchishua. The names of his two daughters were: Merab, # 1Sm 18:17-19 his firstborn, and Michal, # 1Sm 18:20,27; 19:12; 2Sm 6:20-23 the younger. 50The name of Saul’s wife was Ahinoam daughter of Ahimaaz. The name of the commander of his army was Abner son of Saul’s uncle Ner. # 2Sm 2:8 51Saul’s father was Kish. # 1Sm 9:1,21 Abner’s father was Ner son of Abiel.
52The conflict with the Philistines was fierce all of Saul’s days, so whenever Saul noticed any strong or brave man, he enlisted him. # 1Sm 8:11
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