Leviticus 27
27
Redeeming what is the Lord’s
1The Lord said to Moses, 2‘Speak to the Israelites and say to them: “If anyone makes a special vow to dedicate a person to the Lord by giving the equivalent value, 3set the value of a male between the ages of twenty and sixty at fifty shekels#27:3 That is, about 575 grams; also in verse 16 of silver, according to the sanctuary shekel#27:3 That is, about 12 grams; also in verse 25; 4for a female, set her value at thirty shekels#27:4 That is, about 345 grams; 5for a person between the ages of five and twenty, set the value of a male at twenty shekels#27:5 That is, about 230 grams and of a female at ten shekels#27:5 That is, about 115 grams; also in verse 7; 6for a person between one month and five years, set the value of a male at five shekels#27:6 That is, about 58 grams of silver and that of a female at three shekels#27:6 That is, about 35 grams of silver; 7for a person sixty years old or more, set the value of a male at fifteen shekels#27:7 That is, about 175 grams and of a female at ten shekels. 8If anyone making the vow is too poor to pay the specified amount, the person being dedicated is to be presented to the priest, who will set the value according to what the one making the vow can afford.
9‘ “If what they vowed is an animal that is acceptable as an offering to the Lord, such an animal given to the Lord becomes holy. 10They must not exchange it or substitute a good one for a bad one, or a bad one for a good one; if they should substitute one animal for another, both it and the substitute become holy. 11If what they vowed is a ceremonially unclean animal – one that is not acceptable as an offering to the Lord – the animal must be presented to the priest, 12who will judge its quality as good or bad. Whatever value the priest then sets, that is what it will be. 13If the owner wishes to redeem the animal, a fifth must be added to its value.
14‘ “If anyone dedicates their house as something holy to the Lord, the priest will judge its quality as good or bad. Whatever value the priest then sets, so it will remain. 15If the one who dedicates their house wishes to redeem it, they must add a fifth to its value, and the house will again become theirs.
16‘ “If anyone dedicates to the Lord part of their family land, its value is to be set according to the amount of seed required for it – fifty shekels of silver to a homer#27:16 That is, probably about 135 kilograms of barley seed. 17If they dedicate a field during the Year of Jubilee, the value that has been set remains. 18But if they dedicate a field after the Jubilee, the priest will determine the value according to the number of years that remain until the next Year of Jubilee, and its set value will be reduced. 19If the one who dedicates the field wishes to redeem it, they must add a fifth to its value, and the field will again become theirs. 20If, however, they do not redeem the field, or if they have sold it to someone else, it can never be redeemed. 21When the field is released in the Jubilee, it will become holy, like a field devoted to the Lord; it will become priestly property.
22‘ “If anyone dedicates to the Lord a field they have bought, which is not part of their family land, 23the priest will determine its value up to the Year of Jubilee, and the owner must pay its value on that day as something holy to the Lord. 24In the Year of Jubilee the field will revert to the person from whom it was bought, the one whose land it was. 25Every value is to be set according to the sanctuary shekel, twenty gerahs to the shekel.
26‘ “No-one, however, may dedicate the firstborn of an animal, since the firstborn already belongs to the Lord; whether an ox#27:26 The Hebrew word can include both male and female. or a sheep, it is the Lord’s. 27If it is one of the unclean animals, it may be bought back at its set value, adding a fifth of the value to it. If it is not redeemed, it is to be sold at its set value.
28‘ “But nothing that a person owns and devotes#27:28 The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the Lord. to the Lord – whether a human being or an animal or family land – may be sold or redeemed; everything so devoted is most holy to the Lord.
29‘ “No-one devoted to destruction#27:29 The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the Lord, often by totally destroying them. may be ransomed; they are to be put to death.
30‘ “A tithe of everything from the land, whether grain from the soil or fruit from the trees, belongs to the Lord; it is holy to the Lord. 31Whoever would redeem any of their tithe must add a fifth of the value to it. 32Every tithe of the herd and flock – every tenth animal that passes under the shepherd’s rod – will be holy to the Lord. 33No-one may pick out the good from the bad or make any substitution. If anyone does make a substitution, both the animal and its substitute become holy and cannot be redeemed.” ’
34These are the commands the Lord gave Moses at Mount Sinai for the Israelites.
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Leviticus 27
27
Rules concerning Valuations
1Again, the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 2“Speak to the children of Israel and say to them, ‘When a man makes a #27:2 Or explicit. A man could consecrate (dedicate) himself to the Lord or he could consecrate another family member, his house, his property, his animals, his field, or other possession. The priest set an established value on the person, animal, or property and the man paid the set amount instead of transferring ownership. Consecrating someone or something to the Lord was not the same as “devoting” or “setting apart” something to the Lord (see vv 21, 28).special vow [consecrating himself or a member of his family], he shall be valued according to your [established system of] valuation of people belonging to the Lord [that is, the priest accepts from the man making the vow a specified amount of money for the temple treasury in place of the actual person]. 3If your valuation is of a male between twenty and sixty years of age, then your valuation shall be fifty shekels of silver, according to the shekel of the sanctuary. 4Or if the person is a female, then your valuation shall be thirty shekels. 5If the person is between five years and twenty years of age, then your valuation for the male shall be twenty shekels and for the female ten shekels. 6But if the child is between one month and five years of age, then your valuation shall be five shekels of silver for the male and three shekels for the female. 7If the person is sixty years old and above, your valuation shall be fifteen shekels for the male, and ten shekels for the female. 8But if the person is too poor to pay your valuation, then he shall be placed before the priest, and the priest shall value him; according to the ability of the one who vowed, the priest shall value him.
9‘Now if it is an animal of the kind which men can present as an offering to the Lord, any such that one gives to the Lord shall be holy. 10He shall not replace it or exchange it, a good for a bad, or a bad for a good; but if he does exchange an animal for an animal, then both the original offering and its substitute shall be holy. 11If it is any unclean animal of the kind which men do not present as an offering to the Lord, then he shall bring the animal before the priest, 12and the priest shall value it as either good or bad; it shall be as you, the priest, value it. 13But if he ever wishes to redeem it, then he shall add one-fifth of it to your valuation.
14‘If a man consecrates his house as sacred to the Lord, the priest shall appraise it as either good or bad; as the priest appraises it, so shall it stand. 15If the one who consecrates his house should wish to redeem it, then he shall add one-fifth of your valuation price to it, so that it may be his.
16‘And if a man consecrates to the Lord part of a field of his own property, then your valuation shall be proportionate to the seed needed for it; a homer of barley seed shall be valued at fifty shekels of silver. 17If he consecrates his field during the Year of Jubilee, it shall stand according to your valuation. 18But if he consecrates his field after the Jubilee, then the priest shall calculate the price for him in proportion to the years that remain until the Year of Jubilee; and it shall be deducted from your valuation. 19If the one who consecrates the field should ever wish to redeem it, then he shall add one-fifth of the appraisal price to it, so that it may return to him. 20If he does not redeem the field, but has sold it to another man, it may no longer be redeemed. 21When the field reverts in the Jubilee, the field shall be holy to the Lord, like a field set apart (devoted); the priest shall possess it as his property. 22Or if a man consecrates to the Lord a field which he has bought, which is not part of the field of his [ancestral] property, 23then the priest shall calculate for him the amount of your valuation up to the Year of Jubilee; and the man shall give that [amount] on that day as a holy thing to the Lord. 24In the Year of Jubilee the field shall return to the one from whom it was purchased, to whom the land belonged [as his ancestral inheritance]. 25Every valuation of yours shall be in accordance with the sanctuary shekel; twenty gerahs shall make a shekel.
26‘However, the firstborn among animals, which as a firstborn belongs to the Lord, no man may consecrate, whether an ox or a sheep. It is [already] the Lord’s. 27If it is among the unclean animals, the owner may redeem it in accordance with your valuation, and add one-fifth to it; or if it is not redeemed, then it shall be sold in accordance with your valuation.
28‘But nothing that a man #27:28 In OT times “devoting” or “setting apart” was a different and much more serious act than “consecrating” something or someone to God. The thing “devoted” belonged exclusively to God. It was an irrevocable command or vow. Anyone who kept for himself something that had been “devoted” or placed under a ban, placed himself under a sentence of death (Josh 7).sets apart [that is, devotes as an offering] to the Lord out of all that he has, of man or of animal or of the fields of his own property, shall be sold or redeemed. Anything devoted to destruction (banned, cursed) is most holy to the Lord. 29No one who may have been set apart among men shall be ransomed [from death], he shall most certainly be put to death.
30‘And all the tithe (tenth part) of the land, whether the seed of the land or the fruit of the tree, is the Lord’s; it is holy to the Lord. [1 Cor 9:11; Gal 6:6] 31If a man wishes to redeem any part of his tithe, he shall add one-fifth to it. 32For every tithe of the herd or flock, whatever #27:32 Each tenth animal was marked as it passed through a small door.passes under the [shepherd’s] staff, the tenth one shall be holy to the Lord. [2 Cor 9:7-9] 33The man is not to be concerned whether the animal is good or bad, nor shall he exchange it. But if he does exchange it, then both it and its substitute shall become holy; it shall not be redeemed.’ ”
34These are the commandments which the Lord commanded Moses on Mount Sinai for the children of Israel. [Rom 10:4; Heb 4:2; 12:18-29]
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