Leviticus 5
5
1“ ‘Suppose someone has been called as a witness to something they have seen or learned about. Then if they do not tell what they know, they have sinned. And they will be held responsible for it.
2“ ‘Or suppose someone touches something not “clean.” It could be the dead bodies of wild animals or of livestock. Or it could be the dead bodies of creatures that move along the ground. Even though those people are not aware that they touched them, they have become “unclean.” And they are guilty. 3Or suppose they touch something “unclean” that comes from a human being. It could be anything that would make them “unclean.” Suppose they are not aware that they touched it. When they find out about it, they will be guilty. 4Or suppose someone makes a promise to do something without thinking it through. It does not matter what they promised. It does not matter whether they made the promise without thinking about it carefully. And suppose they are not aware that they did not think it through. When they find out about it, they will be guilty. 5When someone is guilty in any of those ways, they must admit they have sinned. 6They must bring a sin offering to pay for the sin they have committed. They must bring to the Lord a female lamb or goat from the flock. The priest will sacrifice the animal. That will pay for the person’s sin.
7“ ‘Suppose they can’t afford a lamb. Then they must get two doves or two young pigeons. They must bring them to the Lord to pay for their sin. One of them is for a sin offering. The other is for a burnt offering. 8They must bring them to the priest. The priest will offer the one for the sin offering first. He must twist its head. But he must not twist it off completely. 9Then he must splash some of the blood of the sin offering against the side of the altar. He must empty out the rest of the blood at the bottom of the altar. It is a sin offering. 10Then the priest will offer the other bird as a burnt offering. He must do it in the way the law requires. That will pay for the sin they have committed. And they will be forgiven.
11“ ‘But suppose they can’t afford two doves or two young pigeons. Then they must bring three and a half pounds of the finest flour as an offering for their sin. It is a sin offering. They must not put olive oil or incense on it. That is because it is a sin offering. 12They must bring it to the priest. The priest must take a handful of it. He must burn that part on the altar. It will be a reminder that all good things come from the Lord. The priest must burn it on top of the food offerings presented to the Lord. It is a sin offering. 13In that way the priest will pay for any of the sins they have committed. And they will be forgiven. The rest of the offering will belong to the priest. It is the same as in the case of the grain offering.’ ”
Rules for Guilt Offerings
14The Lord spoke to Moses. He said, 15“Suppose someone is unfaithful to me and sins. And they do it without meaning to. Here is how they sin against me or my priests. They refuse to give the priests one of the holy things set apart for them. Then they must bring me a ram from the flock. It must not have any flaws. It must be worth the required amount of silver. The silver must be weighed out in keeping with the standard weights that are used in the sacred tent. The ram is a guilt offering. It will pay for their sin. 16They must also pay for the holy thing they refused to give. They must add a fifth of its value to it. They must give all of it to the priest. The priest will pay for their sin with the ram. It is a guilt offering. And they will be forgiven.
17“Suppose someone sins by doing something I command them not to do. Even though they do not know it, they are guilty. They will be held responsible for it. 18They must bring to the priest a ram from the flock as a guilt offering. It must not have any flaws. And it must be worth the required amount of money. The priest will sacrifice the animal. That will pay for what they have done wrong without meaning to. And they will be forgiven. 19It is a guilt offering. They have been guilty of doing wrong against me.”
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Leviticus 5: NIrV
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Leviticus 5
5
More Laws Regarding Sin Offerings
1“ ‘When a person#Or “a soul” sins in that#Or “and” he hears the utterance of a curse and he is a witness or he sees or he knows, if he does not make it known, then#Or “and” he shall bear his guilt. 2Or if a person#Or “a soul” touches anything unclean, whether#Literally “or” an unclean wild#Implied by the following phrase specifying domestic animals animal’s dead body or an unclean domestic animal’s dead body or an unclean swarmer’s dead body, but#Or “and” he is unaware of it,#Literally “it is concealed from him” he is unclean and he is guilty. 3Or when he touches human uncleanness, namely#Literally “for” or “to” (see HALOT 510) any uncleanness of his by which he might become unclean, but#Or “and” he is unaware of it,#Literally “it is concealed from him” and he himself finds out, then#Or “and” he will be guilty. 4Or when a person#Or “a soul” swears, speaking thoughtlessly with his lips, to do evil or to do good with regard to#Literally “for” or “to” (see HALOT 510) anything that the person#Literally “the man” in a sworn oath speaks thoughtlessly, but#Or “and” he is unaware of it,#Literally “it is concealed from him” he will be guilty in any of#Literally “for one of” these. 5When he becomes guilty in any of#Literally “for one of” these, he shall confess#Or “and he shall confess” what he has sinned regarding#Literally “upon” or “against” it, 6and he shall bring his guilt offering to#Or “for” Yahweh for his sin that he has committed:#Literally “sinned” a female from the flock,#The Hebrew term refers collectively to both sheep and goats (small livestock animals) a ewe-lamb or a she-goat,#Literally “a she-goat of goats” as a sin offering, and the priest shall make atonement for him for#Hebrew “from” his sin.
7“ ‘If#Or “And if” he cannot afford a sheep,#Literally “his hand does not touch enough of small livestock” he shall bring as his guilt offering for what he sinned two turtledoves or two young doves#Literally “sons of dove” or “children of dove” for Yahweh, one for a sin offering and one for a burnt offering. 8He shall bring#Or “And he shall bring” them to the priest, and he shall present that which is for the sin offering first, and the priest#Required by the previous action (see NET) shall wring its head off at the back of its neck,#Literally “from opposite its neck” but#Or “and” he must not sever it, 9and he shall spatter some of#Literally “from” the sin offering’s blood on the altar’s side, and the leftover blood must be drained out on the altar’s base; it is a sin offering. 10The second#Or “And the second” bird he must prepare as a burnt offering according to the regulation, and the priest shall make atonement for him for his sin that he has committed,#Literally “sinned” and he shall be forgiven.
11“ ‘But#Or “And” if he cannot afford#Literally “his hand cannot produce for” two turtledoves or two young doves,#Literally “sons of dove” or “children of dove” then,#Or “and” because he has sinned, he shall bring as his offering a tenth of an#Hebrew “the” ephah of finely milled flour as a sin offering. He must not put#Or “And he must not put” oil on it, nor should he put frankincense on it, because it is a sin offering. 12He shall bring#Or “And he shall bring” it to the priest, and the priest shall take a handful of it#Literally “shall scoop up from it the fullness of his handful” for its token portion, and he shall turn it to smoke on the altar in addition to#Literally “on” or “upon” the offerings made by fire to Yahweh; it is a sin offering. 13Thus#Or “And” the priest shall make atonement for him because of the sin that he has committed#Literally “sinned” in any of these,#Literally “from one from these” and he shall be forgiven. It shall be#Or “And it shall be” for the priest, like the grain offering.’ ”
Laws for Guilt Offerings
14Then#Or “And” Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 15“When a person#Or “a soul” displays infidelity#Literally “acts unfaithfully infidelity” or “is unfaithful in unfaithfulness” and he sins in an unintentional wrong in any of#Literally “from” Yahweh’s holy things, then#Or “and” he shall bring his guilt offering to#Or “for” Yahweh: a ram without defect from the flock#The Hebrew term refers collectively to both sheep and goats (small livestock animals) as a guilt offering by your valuation in silver shekels#Or “convertible into silver shekels” (NET, NRSV, TNK), “of the proper value in silver” (NIV; cp. ESV “valued in silver shekels,” CSB), or “or you may buy one of equal value with silver” (NLT) according to the sanctuary shekel. 16And he shall make restitution for what he sinned because of#Literally “from” (see HALOT 598) a holy thing and shall add one-fifth of its value#Literally “it” onto it and shall give it to the priest. The priest#Or “And the priest” shall make atonement for him with the ram of the guilt offering, and he will be forgiven.
17“If#Or “And if” a person#Or “a soul” when he sins violates#Literally “and she/it does” one from all of Yahweh’s commands that should not be violated,#Literally “they are to be done” but#Or “and” he did not know, then#Or “and” he is guilty and he shall bear his guilt. 18He shall bring#Or “And he shall bring” to the priest a ram without defect from the flock#The Hebrew term refers collectively to both sheep and goats (small livestock animals) as a guilt offering by your valuation, and the priest shall make atonement for him because of his unintentional wrong (although#Or “and” he himself did not know), and he will be forgiven. 19It is a guilt offering; he certainly was guilty before Yahweh.”
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