Psalms 114
114
Psalm 114#sn Psalm 114. The psalmist recalls the events of the exodus and conquest and celebrates God’s kingship over his covenant people.
1 When Israel left Egypt,
when the family of Jacob left a foreign nation behind,#tn Heb “the house of Jacob from a nation speaking a foreign language.” The Hebrew verb לָעַז (la’at, “to speak a foreign language”) occurs only here in the OT.
2 Judah became his sanctuary,
Israel his kingdom.
3 The sea looked and fled;#sn The psalmist recalls the crossing of the Red Sea (Exod 14:21).
the Jordan River#tn Heb “the Jordan” (also in v. 5). The word “River” is not in the Hebrew text, but has been supplied in the translation for clarity. turned back.#sn The psalmist recalls the crossing of the Jordan River (Josh 3:13, 16).
4 The mountains skipped like rams,
the hills like lambs.#sn The mountains skipped like rams, the hills like lambs. This may recall the theophany at Sinai when the mountain shook before God’s presence (Exod 19:18).
5 Why do you flee, O sea?
Why do you turn back, O Jordan River?
6 Why do you skip like rams, O mountains,
like lambs, O hills?
7 Tremble, O earth, before the Lord –
before the God of Jacob,
8 who turned a rock into a pool of water,
a hard rock into springs of water!#sn In v. 8 the psalmist recalls the event(s) recorded in Exod 17:6 and/or Num 20:11 (see also Deut 8:15 and Ps 78:15-16, 20).
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Psalms 114
114
The Lord’s Wonders at the Exodus
1When Israel came forth from Egypt,
the house of Jacob from an alien people,
2Judah became God’s sanctuary,
Israel, God’s domain.#Ex 19:6.
3#Pairs of cosmic elements such as sea and rivers, mountains and hills, are sometimes mentioned in creation accounts. Personified here as warriors, the pairs tremble in fear before the Divine Warrior. The quaking also recalls the divine appearance in the storm at Sinai (Ex 19:16–19) and elsewhere (Jgs 5:4–5; Ps 18:7–15).The sea saw and fled;
the Jordan turned back.#Ps 66:6; 74:15; Ex 14:21f; Jos 3:14ff.
4The mountains skipped like rams;
the hills, like lambs.#Ps 29:6; Wis 19:9.
5Why was it, sea, that you fled?
Jordan, that you turned back?
6Mountains, that you skipped like rams?
You hills, like lambs?
7Tremble, earth, before the Lord,#Ps 68:9.
before the God of Jacob,
8#The miracles of giving drink to the people in the arid desert, cf. Ex 17:1–7; Is 41:17–18.Who turned the rock into pools of water,
flint into a flowing spring.#Ex 17:6; Nm 20:11.
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