Numbers 36
36
Women and Land Inheritance
1 Then the heads of the family groups#tn The expression is “the heads of the fathers by the family of the Gileadites.” of the Gileadites, the descendant of Machir, the descendant of Manasseh, who were from the Josephite families, approached and spoke before Moses#tn The Greek and the Syriac add “and before Eleazar the priest.” and the leaders who were the heads of the Israelite families.#tn Heb “heads of the fathers.” 2 They said, “The Lord commanded my lord to give#tn The infinitive construct “to give” serves here as the complement or object of the verb, answering what the Lord had commanded Moses. the land as an inheritance by lot to the Israelites; and my lord was commanded by the Lord to give the inheritance of our brother Zelophehad to his daughters. 3 Now if they should be married to one of the men#tn “Men” is understood; it says “to one from the sons of the tribes of the Israelites for a wife,” or if he has her for a wife. from another Israelite tribe, their inheritance would be taken from the inheritance of our fathers and added to the inheritance of the tribe into which they marry.#tn Heb “which they will be to them,” meaning, to those who have them, i.e., the marriages. As a result, it will be taken from the lot of our inheritance. 4 And when the Jubilee of the Israelites is to take place,#tn The verb הָיָה (hayah) is most often translated “to be,” but it can also mean “to happen, to take place, to come to pass,” etc. their inheritance will be added to the inheritance of the tribe into which they marry. So their inheritance will be taken away from the inheritance of our ancestral tribe.”#tn Heb “the tribe of our fathers.”
Moses’ Decision
5 Then Moses gave a ruling#tn Heb “commanded.” to the Israelites by the word#tn Heb “mouth.” of the Lord: “What the tribe of the Josephites is saying is right. 6 This is what#tn Heb “the word that.” the Lord has commanded for Zelophehad’s daughters: ‘Let them marry#tn The idiom again is “let them be for wives for….” whomever they think best,#tn Heb “to the one who is good in their eyes.” only they must marry within the family of their father’s tribe. 7 In this way the inheritance of the Israelites will not be transferred#tn Heb “turned aside.” from tribe to tribe. But every one of the Israelites must retain the ancestral heritage. 8 And every daughter who possesses an inheritance from any of the tribes of the Israelites must become the wife of a man from any family in her father’s tribe, so that every Israelite#tn The subject is “Israelites” and the verb is plural to agree with it, but the idea is collective as the word for “man” indicates: “so that the Israelites may possess – [each] man the inheritance of his fathers.” may retain the inheritance of his fathers. 9 No inheritance may pass from tribe to tribe. But every one of the tribes of the Israelites must retain its inheritance.”
10 As the Lord had commanded Moses, so the daughters of Zelophehad did. 11 For the daughters of Zelophehad – Mahlah, Tirzah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Noah – were married to the sons of their uncles.#tn They married in the family as they were instructed. But the meaning of דּוֹד (dod) is not necessarily restricted to “uncle.” 12 They were married into the families of the Manassehites, the descendants of Joseph, and their inheritance remained in the tribe of their father’s family.
13 These are the commandments and the decisions that the Lord commanded the Israelites through the authority#tn Heb “by the hand.” of Moses, on the plains of Moab by the Jordan River#tn The word “River” is not in the Hebrew text, but has been supplied in the translation for clarity. opposite Jericho.#map For the location of Jericho see Map5-B2; Map6-E1; Map7-E1; Map8-E3; Map10-A2; Map11-A1.
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Numbers 36
36
Inheritance Through Marriage
1The leaders#Literally “The heads” of the families#Or “fathers” of the clans of descendants#Or “sons” of Gilead the son of Makir, the son of Manasseh, of the clans of the descendants#Or “sons” of Joseph came near and spoke before#Literally “before the face of” Moses and before#Literally “before the face of” the leaders#Literally “the heads” of the families#Hebrew “of the fathers” of the Israelites.#Literally “sons/children of Israel” 2And they said, “Yahweh commanded my lord to give the land by lot as an inheritance to the Israelites,#Literally “sons/children of Israel” and my lord was commanded by Yahweh to give the inheritance of Zelophehad our brother to his daughters. 3But if they become wives to one of the sons from another tribe of the Israelites,#Literally “sons/children of Israel” their inheritance will disappear from the inheritance of our ancestors,#Or “fathers” and it will be added to the inheritance of the tribe to which they belong; the lot of our inheritance would disappear. 4When the Jubilee of the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” comes,#Literally “will be” it will be added to the inheritance of the tribe to which they belong; and their inheritance will disappear from the tribe of our father.”
5Then Moses commanded the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” by the command of Yahweh, saying, “The tribe of the descendants#Or “sons” of Joseph is right regarding what they are speaking. 6This is the word that Yahweh commanded the daughters of Zelophehad, saying, ‘Let them marry#Literally “Let them be as wives” whomever they like;#Literally “they will be as the good in their eyes” only they must marry#Literally “they must be as wives” from within the clan of the tribe of their father. 7Thus an inheritance of the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” will not go around from tribe to tribe. Rather, the inheritance of each tribe of his father will remain with the Israelites.#Literally “sons/children of Israel” 8Every daughter who possesses an inheritance from the tribes of the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” will marry#Literally “be a wife to” one of the clan of the tribe of her father, so that the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” will possess the inheritance of his ancestors.#Or “fathers” 9Therefore an inheritance will not go around from one tribe to another tribe because the tribes of the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” will each hold to their own inheritance.’ ”
10Just as Yahweh commanded to Moses, so the daughters of Zelophehad did: 11Mahlah, Tirzah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Noah, the daughters of Zelophehad, married#Literally “were as wives to” the sons of their uncles. 12They married#Literally “They were as wives to” those from the sons of Manasseh son of Joseph, and their inheritance remained#Literally “was” among the tribe of the clan of their ancestors.#Or “fathers”
13These were the commands and the stipulations that Yahweh commanded by the hand of Moses#Or “through Moses” to the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” on the desert-plateaus of Moab by the Jordan across Jericho.
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