Joshua 11
11
Israel Defeats a Northern Coalition
1 When King Jabin of Hazor#map For location see Map1-D2; Map2-D3; Map3-A2; Map4-C1. heard the news, he organized a coalition, including#tn Heb “he sent to.” King Jobab of Madon, the king of Shimron, the king of Acshaph, 2 and the northern kings who ruled in#tn Heb “and to the kings who [are] from the north in.” the hill country, the Arabah south of Kinnereth,#tn Heb “Chinneroth,” a city and plain located in the territory of Naphtali in Galilee (BDB 490 s.v. כִּנֶּרֶת, כִּנֲרוֹת).sn Kinnereth was a city in Galilee located near the Sea of Galilee (Deut 3:17). The surrounding region also became known by this name (1 Kgs 15:20; cf. Matt 14:34), and eventually even the lake itself (Josh 12:3; cf. Luke 5:1). the lowlands, and the heights of Dor to the west. 3 Canaanites came#tn The verb “came” is supplied in the translation (see v. 4). from the east and west; Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, and Jebusites from the hill country; and Hivites from below Hermon in the area#tn Or “land.” of Mizpah. 4 These kings came out with their armies; they were as numerous as the sand on the seashore and had a large number of horses and chariots.#tn Heb “They and all their camps with them came out, a people as numerous as the sand which is on the edge of the sea in multitude, and [with] horses and chariots very numerous.” 5 All these kings gathered and joined forces#tn Heb “and came and camped together.” at the Waters of Merom to fight Israel.
6 The Lord told Joshua, “Don’t be afraid of them, for about this time tomorrow I will cause all of them to lie dead before Israel. You must hamstring their horses and burn#tn Heb “burn with fire”; the words “with fire” are redundant in English and have not been included in the translation. their chariots.” 7 Joshua and his whole army caught them by surprise at the Waters of Merom and attacked them.#tn Heb “Joshua and all the people of war with him came upon them at the Waters of Merom suddenly and fell upon them.” 8 The Lord handed them over to Israel and they struck them down and chased them all the way to Greater Sidon,#map For location see Map1-A1; JP3-F3; JP4-F3. Misrephoth Maim,#tn The meaning of the Hebrew name “Misrephoth Maim” is perhaps “lime-kilns by the water” (see HALOT 2:641). and the Mizpah Valley to the east. They struck them down until no survivors remained. 9 Joshua did to them as the Lord had commanded him; he hamstrung their horses and burned#tn Heb “burned with fire”; the words “with fire” are redundant in English and have not been included in the translation. their chariots.
10 At that time Joshua turned, captured Hazor,#map For location see Map1-D2; Map2-D3; Map3-A2; Map4-C1. and struck down its king with the sword, for Hazor was at that time#tn Or “formerly.” the leader of all these kingdoms. 11 They annihilated everyone who lived there with the sword#tn Heb “and they struck down all life which was in it with the edge of the sword, annihilating.” – no one who breathed remained – and burned#tn Heb “burned with fire”; the words “with fire” are redundant in English and have not been included in the translation. Hazor.
12 Joshua captured all these royal cities and all their kings and annihilated them with the sword,#tn Heb “and he struck them down with the edge of the sword, he annihilated them.” as Moses the Lord’s servant had commanded. 13 But Israel did not burn any of the cities located on mounds,#tn Heb “standing on their mounds.” except for Hazor;#map For location see Map1-D2; Map2-D3; Map3-A2; Map4-C1. it was the only one Joshua burned. 14 The Israelites plundered all the goods of these cities and the cattle, but they totally destroyed all the people#tn Heb “but all the people they struck down with the edge of the sword until they destroyed them.” and allowed no one who breathed to live. 15 Moses the Lord’s servant passed on the Lord’s commands to Joshua, and Joshua did as he was told. He did not ignore any of the commands the Lord had given Moses.#tn Heb “As the Lord commanded Moses his servant, so Moses commanded Joshua, and Joshua acted accordingly; he did not turn aside a thing from all which the Lord commanded Moses.”
A Summary of Israel’s Victories
16 Joshua conquered the whole land,#tn Heb “Joshua took all this land.” including the hill country, all the Negev, all the land of Goshen, the lowlands,#tn Or “foothills”; Heb “the Shephelah.” the Arabah, the hill country of Israel and its lowlands, 17 from Mount Halak on up to Seir, as far as Baal Gad in the Lebanon Valley below Mount Hermon. He captured all their kings and executed them.#tn Heb “and struck them down and killed them.” 18 Joshua campaigned against#tn Heb “made war with.” these kings for quite some time.#tn Heb “for many days.” 19 No city made peace with the Israelites (except the Hivites living in Gibeon);#tn The LXX omits this parenthetical note, which may represent a later scribal addition. they had to conquer all of them,#tn Heb “the whole they took in battle.” 20 for the Lord determined to make them obstinate so they would attack Israel. He wanted Israel to annihilate them without mercy, as he had instructed Moses.#tn Heb “for from the Lord it was to harden their heart[s] to meet for the battle with Israel, in order to annihilate them, so that they would receive no mercy, in order annihilate them, as the Lord commanded Moses.”
21 At that time Joshua attacked and eliminated the Anakites from the hill country#tn Heb “went and cut off the Anakites from the hill country.” – from Hebron, Debir, Anab, and all the hill country of Judah and Israel.#tn Heb “and from all the hill country of Israel.” Joshua annihilated them and their cities. 22 No Anakites were left in Israelite territory, though some remained in Gaza, Gath, and Ashdod. 23 Joshua conquered#tn Heb “took.” the whole land, just as the Lord had promised Moses,#tn Heb “according to all which the Lord said to Moses.” The translation assumes this refers to the promise of the land (see 1:3). Another possibility is that it refers to the Lord’s instructions, in which case the phrase could be translated, “just as the Lord had instructed Moses” (so NLT; cf. also NIV “had directed Moses”). and he assigned Israel their tribal portions.#tn Heb “and Joshua gave it for an inheritance to Israel according to their allotted portions by their tribes.” Then the land was free of war.
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Joshua 11
11
1And it came to pass, when Jabin king of Hazor had heard those things, that he sent to Jobab king of Madon, and to the king of Shimron, and to the king of Achshaph, 2and to the kings that were on the north of the mountains, and of the plains south of Chinneroth, and in the valley, and in the borders of Dor on the west, 3and to the Canaanite on the east and on the west, and to the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Jebusite in the mountains, and to the Hivite under Hermon in the land of Mizpeh. 4And they went out, they and all their hosts with them, much people, even as the sand that is upon the sea shore in multitude, with horses and chariots very many. 5And when all these kings were met together, they came and pitched together at the waters of Merom, to fight against Israel.
6And the LORD said unto Joshua, Be not afraid because of them: for to morrow about this time will I deliver them up all slain before Israel: thou shalt hough their horses, and burn their chariots with fire. 7So Joshua came, and all the people of war with him, against them by the waters of Merom suddenly; and they fell upon them. 8And the LORD delivered them into the hand of Israel, who smote them, and chased them unto great Zidon, and unto Misrephoth-maim, and unto the valley of Mizpeh eastward; and they smote them, until they left them none remaining. 9And Joshua did unto them as the LORD bade him: he houghed their horses, and burnt their chariots with fire.
10And Joshua at that time turned back, and took Hazor, and smote the king thereof with the sword: for Hazor beforetime was the head of all those kingdoms. 11And they smote all the souls that were therein with the edge of the sword, utterly destroying them: there was not any left to breathe: and he burnt Hazor with fire. 12And all the cities of those kings, and all the kings of them, did Joshua take, and smote them with the edge of the sword, and he utterly destroyed them, as Moses the servant of the LORD commanded. 13But as for the cities that stood still in their strength, Israel burned none of them, save Hazor only; that did Joshua burn. 14And all the spoil of these cities, and the cattle, the children of Israel took for a prey unto themselves; but every man they smote with the edge of the sword, until they had destroyed them, neither left they any to breathe. 15As the LORD commanded Moses his servant, so did Moses command Joshua, and so did Joshua; he left nothing undone of all that the LORD commanded Moses.
16So Joshua took all that land, the hills, and all the south country, and all the land of Goshen, and the valley, and the plain, and the mountain of Israel, and the valley of the same; 17even from the mount Halak, that goeth up to Seir, even unto Baal-gad in the valley of Lebanon under mount Hermon: and all their kings he took, and smote them, and slew them. 18Joshua made war a long time with all those kings. 19There was not a city that made peace with the children of Israel, save the Hivites the inhabitants of Gibeon: all other they took in battle. 20For it was of the LORD to harden their hearts, that they should come against Israel in battle, that he might destroy them utterly, and that they might have no favour, but that he might destroy them, as the LORD commanded Moses.
21And at that time came Joshua, and cut off the Anakims from the mountains, from Hebron, from Debir, from Anab, and from all the mountains of Judah, and from all the mountains of Israel: Joshua destroyed them utterly with their cities. 22There was none of the Anakims left in the land of the children of Israel: only in Gaza, in Gath, and in Ashdod, there remained. 23So Joshua took the whole land, according to all that the LORD said unto Moses; and Joshua gave it for an inheritance unto Israel according to their divisions by their tribes. And the land rested from war.
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