James 5
5
Warning to the Rich
1 Come now, you rich! Weep and cry aloud#tn Or “wail”; Grk “crying aloud.” over the miseries that are coming on you. 2 Your riches have rotted and your clothing has become moth-eaten. 3 Your gold and silver have rusted and their rust will be a witness against you. It will consume your flesh like fire. It is in the last days that you have hoarded treasure!#tn Or “hoarded up treasure for the last days”; Grk “in the last days.” 4 Look, the pay you have held back from the workers who mowed your fields cries out against you, and the cries of the reapers have reached the ears of the Lord of hosts. 5 You have lived indulgently and luxuriously on the earth. You have fattened your hearts in a day of slaughter.#sn James’ point seems to be that instead of seeking deliverance from condemnation, they have defied God’s law (fattened your hearts) and made themselves more likely objects of his judgment (in a day of slaughter). 6 You have condemned and murdered the righteous person, although he does not resist you.#tn Literally a series of verbs without connectives, “you have condemned, you have murdered…he does not resist.”
Patience in Suffering
7 So be patient, brothers and sisters,#tn Grk “brothers”; this phrase occurs again three times in the paragraph. See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:2. until the Lord’s return.#tn Or “advent”; or “coming” (also in v. 8). Think of how the farmer waits#tn Grk “Behold! The farmer waits.” for the precious fruit of the ground and is patient#tn Grk “being patient.” for it until it receives the early and late rains. 8 You also be patient and strengthen your hearts, for the Lord’s return is near. 9 Do not grumble against one another, brothers and sisters,#tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:2. so that you may not be judged. See, the judge stands before the gates!#sn The term gates is used metaphorically here. The physical referent would be the entrances to the city, but the author uses the term to emphasize the imminence of the judge’s approach. 10 As an example of suffering and patience, brothers and sisters,#tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:2. take the prophets who spoke in the Lord’s name. 11 Think of how we regard#tn Grk “Behold! We regard…” as blessed those who have endured. You have heard of Job’s endurance and you have seen the Lord’s purpose, that the Lord is full of compassion and mercy.#sn An allusion to Exod 34:6; Neh 9:17; Ps 86:15; 102:13; Joel 2:13; Jonah 4:2. 12 And above all, my brothers and sisters,#tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:2. do not swear, either by heaven or by earth or by any other oath. But let your “Yes” be yes and your “No” be no, so that you may not fall into judgment.
Prayer for the Sick
13 Is anyone among you suffering? He should pray. Is anyone in good spirits? He should sing praises. 14 Is anyone among you ill? He should summon the elders of the church, and they should pray for him and anoint#tn Grk “anointing.” him with oil in the name of the Lord. 15 And the prayer of faith will save the one who is sick and the Lord will raise him up – and if he has committed sins, he will be forgiven.#tn Grk “it will be forgiven him.” 16 So confess your sins to one another and pray for one another so that you may be healed. The prayer of a righteous person has great effectiveness.#tn Or “the fervent prayer of a righteous person is very powerful”; Grk “is very powerful in its working.” 17 Elijah was a human being#tn Although it is certainly true that Elijah was a “man,” here ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") has been translated as “human being” because the emphasis in context is not on Elijah’s masculine gender, but on the common humanity he shared with the author and the readers. like us, and he prayed earnestly#tn Grk “he prayed with prayer” (using a Hebrew idiom to show intensity). that it would not rain and there was no rain on the land for three years and six months! 18 Then#tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events. he prayed again, and the sky gave rain and the land sprouted with a harvest.
19 My brothers and sisters,#tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:2. if anyone among you wanders from the truth and someone turns him back, 20 he should know that the one who turns a sinner back from his wandering path#tn Grk “from the error of his way” (using the same root as the verb “to wander, to err” in the first part of the verse). will save that person’s#tn Grk “his soul”; the referent (the sinner mentioned at the beginning of the verse) has been specified in the translation for clarity. soul from death and will cover a multitude of sins.
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1996 - 2007 by Biblical Studies Press, LLC
James 5
5
Warning to the Rich
1Go to now, ye rich men, weep and howl for your miseries that shall come upon you. 2#Matt 6.19. Your riches are corrupted, and your garments are moth-eaten. 3Your gold and silver is cankered; and the rust of them shall be a witness against you, and shall eat your flesh as it were fire. Ye have heaped treasure together for the last days. 4#Deut 24.14,15. Behold, the hire of the laborers who have reaped down your fields, which is of you kept back by fraud, crieth: and the cries of them which have reaped are entered into the ears of the Lord of Sab´a-oth. 5Ye have lived in pleasure on the earth, and been wanton; ye have nourished your hearts, as in a day of slaughter. 6Ye have condemned and killed the just; and he doth not resist you.
Patience and Prayer
7Be patient therefore, brethren, unto the coming of the Lord. Behold, the husbandman waiteth for the precious fruit of the earth, and hath long patience for it, until he receive the early and latter rain. 8Be ye also patient; stablish your hearts: for the coming of the Lord draweth nigh. 9Grudge not one against another, brethren, lest ye be condemned: behold, the judge standeth before the door. 10Take, my brethren, the prophets, who have spoken in the name of the Lord, for an example of suffering affliction, and of patience. 11#Job 1.21,22; 2.10; Ps 103.8. Behold, we count them happy which endure. Ye have heard of the patience of Job, and have seen the end of the Lord; that the Lord is very pitiful, and of tender mercy.
12 #
Matt 5.34-37. But above all things, my brethren, swear not, neither by heaven, neither by the earth, neither by any other oath: but let your yea be yea; and your nay, nay; lest ye fall into condemnation.
13Is any among you afflicted? let him pray. Is any merry? let him sing psalms. 14#Mark 6.13. Is any sick among you? let him call for the elders of the church; and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord: 15and the prayer of faith shall save the sick, and the Lord shall raise him up; and if he have committed sins, they shall be forgiven him. 16Confess your faults one to another, and pray one for another, that ye may be healed. The effectual fervent prayer of a righteous man availeth much. 17#1 Kgs 17.1; 18.1. Eli´jah was a man subject to like passions as we are, and he prayed earnestly that it might not rain: and it rained not on the earth by the space of three years and six months. 18#1 Kgs 18.42-45. And he prayed again, and the heaven gave rain, and the earth brought forth her fruit.
19Brethren, if any of you do err from the truth, and one convert him; 20#Prov 10.12. let him know, that he which converteth the sinner from the error of his way shall save a soul from death, and shall hide a multitude of sins.
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King James Version 1611, spelling, punctuation and text formatting modernized by ABS in 1962; typesetting © 2010 American Bible Society.