2 Samuel 10
10
David and the Ammonites
1 Later the king of the Ammonites died and his son Hanun succeeded him.#tn Heb “reigned in his place.” 2 David said, “I will express my loyalty#tn Heb “do loyalty.” to Hanun son of Nahash just as his father was loyal#tn Heb “did loyalty.” to me.” So David sent his servants with a message expressing sympathy over his father’s death.#tn Heb “and David sent to console him by the hand of his servants concerning his father.” When David’s servants entered the land of the Ammonites, 3 the Ammonite officials said to their lord Hanun, “Do you really think David is trying to honor your father by sending these messengers to express his sympathy?#tn Heb “Is David honoring your father in your eyes when he sends to you ones consoling?” No, David has sent his servants to you to get information about the city and spy on it so they can overthrow it!”#tn Heb “Is it not to explore the city and to spy on it and to overthrow it [that] David has sent his servants to you?”
4 So Hanun seized David’s servants and shaved off half of each one’s beard. He cut the lower part of their robes off so that their buttocks were exposed,#tn Heb “and he cut their robes in the middle unto their buttocks.” and then sent them away. 5 Messengers#tn Heb “they”; the referent (the messengers) has been specified in the translation for clarity. told David what had happened,#tn The words “what had happened” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons. so he summoned them, for the men were thoroughly humiliated. The king said, “Stay in Jericho#map For location see Map5-B2; Map6-E1; Map7-E1; Map8-E3; Map10-A2; Map11-A1. until your beards have grown again; then you may come back.”
6 When the Ammonites realized that David was disgusted with them,#tn Heb “that they were a stench [i.e., disgusting] with David.” they#tn Heb “the Ammonites.” sent and hired 20,000 foot soldiers from Aram Beth Rehob and Aram Zobah,#tn Or “Arameans of Beth Rehob and Arameans of Zobah.” in addition to 1,000 men from the king of Maacah and 12,000 men from Ish-tob.#tn Or perhaps “the men of Tob.” The ancient versions (the LXX, the Syriac Peshitta, and Vulgate) understand the name to be “Ish-tob.” It is possible that “Ish” is dittographic and that we should read simply “Tob,” a reading adopted by a number of recent English versions.
7 When David heard the news, he sent Joab and the entire army to meet them.#tn The words “the news” and “to meet them” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons and for clarification. 8 The Ammonites marched out and were deployed for battle at the entrance of the city gate, while the men from Aram Zobah, Rehob, Ish-tob, and Maacah were by themselves in the field.
9 When Joab saw that the battle would be fought on two fronts, he chose some of Israel’s best men and deployed them against the Arameans.#tn Heb “and Joab saw that the face of the battle was to him before and behind and he chose from all the best in Israel and arranged to meet Aram.” 10 He put his brother Abishai in charge of the rest of the army#tn Heb “people.” and they were deployed#tn Heb “he arranged.” against the Ammonites. 11 Joab#tn Heb “he”; the referent (Joab) has been specified in the translation for clarity. said, “If the Arameans start to overpower me,#tn Heb “if Aram is stronger than me.” you come to my rescue. If the Ammonites start to overpower you,#tn Heb “if the sons of Ammon are stronger than you.” I will come to your rescue. 12 Be strong! Let’s fight bravely for the sake of our people and the cities of our God! The Lord will do what he decides is best!”#tn Heb “and the Lord will do what is good in his eyes.”
13 So Joab and his men#tn Heb “and the army which was with him.” marched out to do battle with the Arameans, and they fled before him. 14 When the Ammonites saw the Arameans flee, they fled before his brother Abishai and went into the city. Joab withdrew from fighting the Ammonites and returned to#tn Heb “and Joab returned from against the sons of Ammon and entered.” Jerusalem.#map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.
15 When the Arameans realized that they had been defeated by Israel, they consolidated their forces.#tn Heb “were gathered together.” 16 Then Hadadezer sent for Arameans from#tn Heb “and Hadadezer sent and brought out Aram which is.” beyond the Euphrates River,#tn Heb “from beyond the River.” The name “Euphrates” has been supplied in the translation for clarity. and they came to Helam. Shobach, the general in command of Hadadezer’s army, led them.#tn Heb “was before them.”
17 When David was informed, he gathered all Israel, crossed the Jordan River,#tn The word “River” is not in the Hebrew text, but has been supplied in the translation for clarity. and came to Helam. The Arameans deployed their forces against David and fought with him. 18 The Arameans fled before Israel. David killed 700 Aramean charioteers and 40,000 foot soldiers.#tn Heb “horsemen” (so KJV, NASB, NCV, NRSV, NLT) but the Lucianic recension of the LXX reads “foot soldiers,” as does the parallel text in 1 Chr 19:18. Cf. NAB, NIV. He also struck down Shobach, the general in command of the army, who died there. 19 When all the kings who were subject to Hadadezer#tn Heb “the servants of Hadadezer.” saw they were defeated by Israel, they made peace with Israel and became subjects of Israel.#tn Heb “and they served them.” The Arameans were no longer willing to help the Ammonites.
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2 Samuel 10
10
1After this, the King of the children of Ammon dyed, and Hanun his sonne reigned in his steade. 2Then sayde Dauid, I will shewe kindnesse vnto Hanun the sonne of Nahash, as his father shewed kindnesse vnto me. And Dauid sent his seruantes to comfort him for his father. So Dauids seruants came into the lande of the children of Ammon. 3And the princes of the children of Ammon sayde vnto Hanun their lorde, Thinkest thou that Dauid doth honour thy father, that he hath sent comforters to thee? hath not Dauid rather sent his seruants vnto thee, to search the citie, and to spie it out, and to ouerthrow it? 4Wherefore Hanun tooke Dauids seruants, and shaued off the halfe of their beard, and cut off their garments in the middle, euen to their buttockes, and sent them away. 5When it was told vnto Dauid, he sent to meete them (for the men were exceedingly ashamed) and the King sayde, Tary at Iericho, vntill your beards be growen, then returne. 6And when the children of Ammon sawe that they stanke in the sight of Dauid, the children of Ammon sent and hired the Aramites of the house of Rehob, and the Aramites of Zoba, twentie thousande footemen, and of King Maacah a thousand men, and of Ish-tob twelue thousande men. 7And when Dauid heard of it, he sent Ioab, and all the hoste of the strong men. 8And the children of Ammon came out, and put their armie in araye at the entring in of the gate: and the Aramites of Zoba, and of Rehob, and of Ish-tob, and of Maacah were by themselues in the fielde. 9When Ioab saw that the front of the battel was against him before and behinde, he chose of all the choyse of Israel, and put them in aray against the Aramites. 10And the rest of the people hee deliuered into the hande of Abishai his brother, that hee might put them in aray against the children of Ammon. 11And he sayde, If the Aramites be stronger then I, thou shalt helpe me, and if the children of Ammon be too strong for thee, I will come and succour thee. 12Be strong and let vs be valiant for our people, and for the cities of our God, and let the Lord do that which is good in his eyes. 13Then Ioab, and the people that was with him, ioyned in battel with the Aramites, who fled before him. 14And when the children of Ammon sawe that the Aramites fled, they fled also before Abishai, and entred into the citie. so Ioab returned from the children of Ammon, and came to Ierusalem. 15And when the Aramites sawe that they were smitten before Israel, they gathered them together. 16And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Aramites that were beyond the Riuer: and they came to Helam, and Shobach the captaine of the hoste of Hadarezer went before them. 17When it was shewed Dauid, then he gathered all Israel together, and passed ouer Iorden and came to Helam: and the Aramites set themselues in aray against Dauid, and fought with him: 18And the Aramites fled before Israel: and Dauid destroyed seuen hundreth charets of the Aramites, and fourtie thousande horsemen, and smote Shobach the captaine of his hoste, who dyed there. 19And when all the Kings, that were seruants to Hadarezer, saw that they fell before Israel, they made peace with Israel, and serued them. and the Aramites feared to helpe the children of Ammon any more.
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