Acts 7
7
Stephen’s Speech
1The high priest said to Stephen, “Are these things true?”
2Stephen answered, “Brothers and fathers, listen to me. Our glorious God appeared to Abraham, our ancestor, in Mesopotamia before he lived in Haran. 3God said to Abraham, ‘Leave your country and your relatives, and go to the land I will show you.’ 4So Abraham left the country of Chaldea and went to live in Haran. After Abraham’s father died, God sent him to this place where you now live. 5God did not give Abraham any of this land, not even a foot of it. But God promised that he would give this land to him and his descendants, even before Abraham had a child. 6This is what God said to him: ‘Your descendants will be strangers in a land they don’t own. The people there will make them slaves and will mistreat them for four hundred years. 7But I will punish the nation where they are slaves. Then your descendants will leave that land and will worship me in this place.’ 8God made an agreement with Abraham, the sign of which was circumcision. And so when Abraham had his son Isaac, Abraham circumcised him when he was eight days old. Isaac also circumcised his son Jacob, and Jacob did the same for his sons, the twelve ancestors of our people.
9“Jacob’s sons became jealous of Joseph and sold him to be a slave in Egypt. But God was with him 10and saved him from all his troubles. The king of Egypt liked Joseph and respected him because of the wisdom God gave him. The king made him governor of Egypt and put him in charge of all the people in his palace.
11“Then all the land of Egypt and Canaan became so dry that nothing would grow, and the people suffered very much. Jacob’s sons, our ancestors, could not find anything to eat. 12But when Jacob heard there was grain in Egypt, he sent his sons there. This was their first trip to Egypt. 13When they went there a second time, Joseph told his brothers who he was, and the king learned about Joseph’s family. 14Then Joseph sent messengers to invite Jacob, his father, to come to Egypt along with all his relatives (seventy-five persons altogether). 15So Jacob went down to Egypt, where he and his sons died. 16Later their bodies were moved to Shechem and put in a grave there. (It was the same grave Abraham had bought for a sum of money from the sons of Hamor in Shechem.)
17“The promise God made to Abraham was soon to come true, and the number of people in Egypt grew large. 18Then a new king, who did not know who Joseph was, began to rule Egypt. 19This king tricked our people and was cruel to our ancestors, forcing them to leave their babies outside to die. 20At this time Moses was born, and he was very beautiful. For three months Moses was cared for in his father’s house. 21When they put Moses outside, the king’s daughter adopted him and raised him as if he were her own son. 22The Egyptians taught Moses everything they knew, and he was a powerful man in what he said and did.
23“When Moses was about forty years old, he thought it would be good to visit his own people, the people of Israel. 24Moses saw an Egyptian mistreating one of his people, so he defended the Israelite and punished the Egyptian by killing him. 25Moses thought his own people would understand that God was using him to save them, but they did not. 26The next day when Moses saw two men of Israel fighting, he tried to make peace between them. He said, ‘Men, you are brothers. Why are you hurting each other?’ 27The man who was hurting the other pushed Moses away and said, ‘Who made you our ruler and judge? 28Are you going to kill me as you killed the Egyptian yesterday?’ 29When Moses heard him say this, he left Egypt and went to live in the land of Midian where he was a stranger. While Moses lived in Midian, he had two sons.
30“Forty years later an angel appeared to Moses in the flames of a burning bush as he was in the desert near Mount Sinai. 31When Moses saw this, he was amazed and went near to look closer. Moses heard the Lord’s voice say, 32‘I am the God of your ancestors, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.’ Moses began to shake with fear and was afraid to look. 33The Lord said to him, ‘Take off your sandals, because you are standing on holy ground. 34I have seen the troubles my people have suffered in Egypt. I have heard their cries and have come down to save them. And now, Moses, I am sending you back to Egypt.’
35“This Moses was the same man the two men of Israel rejected, saying, ‘Who made you a ruler and judge?’ Moses is the same man God sent to be a ruler and savior, with the help of the angel that Moses saw in the burning bush. 36So Moses led the people out of Egypt. He worked miracles and signs in Egypt, at the Red Sea, and then in the desert for forty years. 37This is the same Moses that said to the people of Israel, ‘God will give you a prophet like me, who is one of your own people.’ 38This is the Moses who was with the gathering of the Israelites in the desert. He was with the angel that spoke to him at Mount Sinai, and he was with our ancestors. He received commands from God that give life, and he gave those commands to us.
39“But our ancestors did not want to obey Moses. They rejected him and wanted to go back to Egypt. 40They said to Aaron, ‘Make us gods who will lead us. Moses led us out of Egypt, but we don’t know what has happened to him.’ 41So the people made an idol that looked like a calf. Then they brought sacrifices to it and were proud of what they had made with their own hands. 42But God turned against them and did not try to stop them from worshiping the sun, moon, and stars. This is what is written in the book of the prophets: God says,
‘People of Israel, you did not bring me sacrifices and offerings
while you traveled in the desert for forty years.
43You have carried with you
the tent to worship Molech
and the idols of the star god Rephan that you made to worship.
So I will send you away beyond Babylon.’#Amos 5:25–27
44“The Holy Tent where God spoke to our ancestors was with them in the desert. God told Moses how to make this Tent, and he made it like the plan God showed him. 45Later, Joshua led our ancestors to capture the lands of the other nations. Our people went in, and God forced the other people out. When our people went into this new land, they took with them this same Tent they had received from their ancestors. They kept it until the time of David, 46who pleased God and asked God to let him build a house for him, the God of Jacob. 47But Solomon was the one who built the Temple.
48“But the Most High does not live in houses that people build with their hands. As the prophet says:
49‘Heaven is my throne,
and the earth is my footstool.
So do you think you can build a house for me? says the Lord.
Do I need a place to rest?
50Remember, my hand made all these things!’ ” #Isaiah 66:1–2
51Stephen continued speaking: “You stubborn people! You have not given your hearts to God, nor will you listen to him! You are always against what the Holy Spirit is trying to tell you, just as your ancestors were. 52Your ancestors tried to hurt every prophet who ever lived. Those prophets said long ago that the One who is good would come, but your ancestors killed them. And now you have turned against and killed the One who is good. 53You received the law of Moses, which God gave you through his angels, but you haven’t obeyed it.”
Stephen Is Killed
54When the leaders heard this, they became furious. They were so mad they were grinding their teeth at Stephen. 55But Stephen was full of the Holy Spirit. He looked up to heaven and saw the glory of God and Jesus standing at God’s right side. 56He said, “Look! I see heaven open and the Son of Man standing at God’s right side.”
57Then they shouted loudly and covered their ears and all ran at Stephen. 58They took him out of the city and began to throw stones at him to kill him. And those who told lies against Stephen left their coats with a young man named Saul. 59While they were throwing stones, Stephen prayed, “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.” 60He fell on his knees and cried in a loud voice, “Lord, do not hold this sin against them.” After Stephen said this, he died.
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The Holy Bible, New Century Version, Copyright © 2005 Thomas Nelson. All rights reserved.
Acts 7
7
Stephen’s Defense
1 And the high priest said, “Is it so concerning these things?” 2So he said, “Men—brothers and fathers—listen: The God of glory appeared to our father Abraham while he#*Here “while” is supplied as a component of the participle (“was”) which is understood as temporal was in Mesopotamia, before he settled in Haran, 3and said to him, ‘Go out from your land and from your relatives and come to the land that I will show you.’ 4Then he went out from the land of the Chaldeans and#*Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“went out”) has been translated as a finite verb settled in Haran. And from there, after his father died, he caused him to move to this land in which you now live. 5And he did not give him an inheritance in it—not even a footstep#Literally “a step of a foot”—and he promised to give it#*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation to him for his possession, and to his descendants after him, although he did not have#Literally “not being to him”#*Here “although” is supplied in the translation as a component of the participle (“was”) which is understood as concessive a child. 6But God spoke like this: ‘His descendants will be foreigners in a foreign land, and they will enslave them and mistreat them#*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation four hundred years, 7and the nation that#Literally “to which” they will serve as slaves, I will judge,’ God said, ‘and after these things they will come out#Verses 6–7 are a quotation from Gen 15:13–14 and will worship me in this place.’#The final phrase is an allusion to Exod 3:12 8And he gave him the covenant of circumcision, and so he became the father of Isaac and circumcised him on the eighth day, and Isaac did so with#*Here the words “did so with” are not in the Greek text but are implied; in view of the “covenant of circumcision” mentioned earlier in the verse, it is probable that circumcision and not just fatherhood is involved Jacob, and Jacob did so with#*Here the words “did so with” are not in the Greek text but are implied; see the note on the same phrase earlier in this verse the twelve patriarchs. 9And the patriarchs, because they#*Here “because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“were jealous of”) which is understood as causal were jealous of Joseph, sold him#*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation into Egypt. And God was with him, 10and rescued him from all his afflictions and granted him favor and wisdom in the sight of Pharaoh king of Egypt. And he appointed him ruler over Egypt and all#Some manuscripts have “over all” his household. 11And a famine came over all Egypt and Canaan and great affliction, and our fathers could not find food. 12So when#*Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal Jacob heard there was grain in Egypt, he sent out our fathers first. 13And on the second visit#*The word “visit” is not in the Greek text but is implied Joseph was made known to his brothers, and the family of Joseph became known to Pharaoh. 14So Joseph sent and#*Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“sent”) has been translated as a finite verb summoned his father Jacob and all his#*Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun relatives, seventy-five persons in all. 15And Jacob went down to Egypt and died, he and our fathers. 16And they were brought back to Shechem and buried in the tomb that Abraham had bought for a sum of silver from the sons of Hamor in Shechem.
17“But as the time of the promise that God had made to Abraham was drawing near, the people increased and multiplied in Egypt 18until another king arose over Egypt who did not know Joseph. 19This man deceitfully took advantage of our#*Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun people and#*Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“deceitfully took advantage of”) has been translated as a finite verb mistreated our ancestors, causing them to abandon their infants#Literally “making their infants be abandoned” so that they would not be kept alive. 20At this time Moses was born, and he was beautiful to God. He#Literally “who” was brought up for three months in his#*Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun father’s house, 21and when#*Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“was abandoned”) he was abandoned, the daughter of Pharaoh took him up and brought him up as her own son.#Literally “for a son to herself” 22And Moses was educated in all the wisdom of the Egyptians, and was powerful in his words and deeds.
23“But when he was forty years old,#Literally “a period of time of forty years was fulfilled for him” it entered in his heart to visit his brothers, the sons of Israel. 24And when he#*Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal saw one of them being unjustly harmed, he defended him#*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation and avenged#Literally “produced vengeance for” the one who had been oppressed by#*Here “by” is supplied as a component of the participle (“striking down”) which is understood as means striking down the Egyptian. 25And he thought his#*Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun brothers would understand that God was granting deliverance to them by his hand, but they did not understand. 26And on the following day, he made an appearance to them while they#*Here “while” is supplied as a component of the participle (“were fighting”) which is understood as temporal were fighting and was attempting to reconcile#*Here the imperfect verb has been translated as conative (“was attempting to reconcile”) them in peace, saying, ‘Men and brothers, why are you doing wrong to one another?’ 27But the one who was doing wrong to his#*Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun neighbor pushed him aside, saying, ‘Who appointed you a ruler and a judge over us? 28You do not want to do away with me the same way#Literally “in the manner in which” you did away with the Egyptian yesterday, do you?’#A quotation from Exod 2:14; the negative construction in Greek anticipates a negative answer here, indicated by “do you” 29And at this statement, Moses fled and became a foreigner in the land of Midian, where he became the father of two sons.
30“And when#*Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“had been completed”) forty years had been completed, an angel appeared to him in the desert of Mount Sinai in the flame of a burning bush. 31And when#*Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal Moses saw it,#*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation he was astonished at the sight, and when#*Here “when” is supplied as a component of the temporal genitive absolute participle (“approached”) he approached to look at it,#*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation the voice of the Lord came: 32‘I am the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham and of Isaac and of Jacob!’#A quotation from Exod 3:6 So Moses began trembling and#*Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“began”) has been translated as a finite verb did not dare to look at it.#*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation 33And the Lord said to him, ‘Untie the sandals from your feet, for the place on which you are standing is holy ground. 34I have certainly seen#Literally “seeing I have seen” the mistreatment of my people who are in Egypt and have heard their groaning, and I have come down to deliver them. And now come, I will send you to Egypt.’#A quotation from Exod 3:5, 7–8, 10 35This Moses whom they had repudiated, saying, ‘Who appointed you a ruler and a judge?’#A quotation from Exod 2:14 (see v. 27 above)—this man God sent as both ruler and redeemer with the help#Literally “hand” of the angel who appeared to him in the bush. 36This man led them out, performing wonders and signs in the land of Egypt and at the Red Sea and in the wilderness for forty years.
37“This is the Moses who said to the sons of Israel, ‘God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among your brothers.’#A quotation from Deut 18:15 38This is the one who was in the congregation in the wilderness with the angel who spoke to him at Mount Sinai, and who with our fathers received living oracles to give to us, 39to whom our fathers were not willing to become obedient, but rejected him#*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation and turned back in their hearts to Egypt, 40saying to Aaron, ‘Make us gods who will go on before us! For this Moses, who led us out from the land of Egypt—we do not know what has happened to him!’#A quotation from Exod 32:1, 23 41And they manufactured a calf in those days, and offered up a sacrifice to the idol, and began rejoicing#*The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began rejoicing”) in the works of their hands. 42But God turned away and gave them over to worship the host of heaven, just as it is written in the book of the prophets:
‘You did not bring offerings and sacrifices to me
for forty years in the wilderness, did you,#*The negative construction in Greek anticipates a negative answer here, indicated by “did you” house of Israel?
43And you took along the tabernacle#Or “tent” of Moloch
and the star of the god#Some manuscripts have “of your god” Rephan,
the images that you made, to worship them,
and I will deport you beyond Babylon!’#A quotation from Amos 5:25–27
44The tabernacle of the testimony belonged#Literally “was” to our fathers in the wilderness, just as the one who spoke to Moses directed him#*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation to make it according to the design that he had seen, 45and which, after#*Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“receiving”) which is understood as temporal receiving it#*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation in turn, our fathers brought in with Joshua when they dispossessed the#Literally “in the possession of the” nations that God drove out from the presence of our fathers, until the days of David, 46who found favor in the sight of God and asked to find a habitation for the God of Jacob.#Some manuscripts have “for the house of Jacob” 47But Solomon built a house for him. 48But the Most High does not live in houses#Or “temples made by human hands”; either word (“houses” or “temples”) is understood here made by human hands, just as the prophet says,
49‘Heaven is my throne
and earth is the footstool for my feet.
What kind of house will you build for me, says the Lord,
or what is the place of my rest?
50Did not my hand make all these things?’#A quotation from Isa 66:1–2
51“You stiff-necked people and uncircumcised in hearts and in your#*Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun ears! You constantly resist the Holy Spirit! As your fathers did, so also do you! 52Which of the prophets did your fathers not persecute? And they killed those who announced beforehand about the coming of the Righteous One, whose betrayers and murderers you have now become, 53you who received the law by directions of angels and have not observed it!”
Stephen’s Martyrdom
54Now when they#*Here “when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal heard these things, they were infuriated in their hearts and gnashed their#*Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun teeth at him. 55But he, being full of the Holy Spirit, looked intently into heaven and#*Here “and” is supplied because the previous participle (“looked intently”) has been translated as a finite verb saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing at the right hand of God. 56And he said, “Behold, I see the heavens opened and the Son of Man standing at the right hand of God!” 57But crying out with a loud voice, they stopped their ears and rushed at him with one purpose. 58And after they#*Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“had driven”) which is understood as temporal had driven him#*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation out of the city, they began to stone#*The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began stoning”) him,#*Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation and the witnesses laid aside their cloaks at the feet of a young man named Saul. 59And they kept on stoning Stephen as he#*Here “as” is supplied as a component of the participle (“was calling out”) which is understood as temporal was calling out and saying, “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit!” 60And falling to his#*Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun knees, he cried out with a loud voice, “Lord, do not hold this sin against them!” And after he#*Here “after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“said”) which is understood as temporal said this, he fell asleep.#Or “he passed away”
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