Amas OKWANJULA EKITABO
OKWANJULA EKITABO
Ebyafaayo by'Ekitabo: Ekitabo ky'Amasooka kye kitabo ekibereberye mu bitabo bya Musa ebiyitibwa Etteeka (Torah). Ekitabo kino tekyawandiikibwa lumu kyonna. Wabula kyava mu kukuŋŋaanya awamu enfumo n'ebifaayo wano na wali. Empandiika y'enfumo n'ebifaayo bino yava mu bawandiisi ab'enjawulo (Laba wansi ku bawandiisi b'ebitabo bya Musa), naddala mu bakabona ab'omu Yisirayeli (obwakabaka obw'emambuka) n'ab'omu Yuda mu Yeruzaalemu (obwakabaka obw'emaserengeta). Enfumo n'ebifaayo bino byatwala ebbanga ggwanvu nga bijja bikula, n'okubikuŋŋaanya kwatwala ebbanga ggwanvu (900-600 BC). Amasooka kyasengekebwa nga bwe tukirina kati oluvannyuma lw'obusibe mu Babiloni (538 BC).
Entereeza y'Ekitabo: Ekitabo kisinga kwogera ku byafaayo bya bajjajja ba Yisirayeli. Kyakutulwamu ebiwayi bibiri: I. Enfumo z'Abayisirayeli (1-11) ku ebyo ebikwata ku buli muntu awatali kufa ku budde, kifo oba ggwanga: olufumo lw'okutondebwa kw'ensi n'abantu (1-2), olufumo lw'okwonoona kw'omuntu (3-4), n'olufumo lw'omujjuzi (6-9) ko n'enkalala z'endyo (5; 10-11); II. Ebifaayo bya bajjajja ba Yisirayeli (12-50) okuva ku kuyitibwa kwa Yiburayimu ne Sara bave mu nsi ya boobwe Karani okutuusa ku kusenga kwa Yakobo n'ezzadde lye mu Misiri. Abaali ku kukuŋŋaanya awamu ebiri mu kitabo kino beesanga baddiŋŋanye enfumo n'ebifaayo ebimu eby'abawandiisi bano bombi, okugeza, ng'olufumo lw'okutondebwa kw'ensi n'eggulu (1,1–2,4a ne 2,4b-24), endagaano ne Yiburayimu (15,1-18 ne 17,1-22), okutundibwa kwa Yozefu (37,26-27 ne 37,28-29), n'awalala.
Enjigiriza y'Ekitabo: Ekitabo kinyumya ensibuko y'ebintu n'abantu era ng'ebintu bwe byabanga olubereberye, era lwaki ebintu biringa bwe biri kati, olwo omuntu alyoke ategeere amakulu n'omugaso by'obulamu bwe. Ekigendererwa ekikulu eky'ekitabo kwe kunnyonnyola engeri ekibi gye kyajjamu mu nsi ate n'engeri Katonda gye yakwataganamu n'omuntu okuddaabiriza obuvune bwe kyali kireese. Katonda yatandika entegeka ey'okulokola omuntu ng'asookereza ne Yiburayimu mwe yasibusa eggwanga eddonde, lye yali ow'okuyitamu okutuukiriza ebisuubizo. Kiyigiriza era nti Katonda yabangawo ng'ensi n'ebyayo tebinnabaawo, ye mutonzi w'ebiriwo, abisukkulumye, era abisinga. Omuntu yatondebwa mu kifaananyi kye. Obufumbo bwatandikibwa Katonda ng'agatta omusajja n'omukazi. Olubereberye omuntu yali mulungi, Sitaani n'amukema n'akola ekibi. Ekibi kino kyazaalira ezzadde ly'omuntu lyonna akabi. Katonda olw'okuzzaawo enkolagana n'omuntu yatandika ne Yibrayimu eyaweebwa omukisa olw'okukkiriza kwe n'obuwulize bwe; olwo ensi yonna n'eweebwa omukisa mu ye. Obugumba, obuggya, enjala, entalo n'okuyigganyizibwa byegeza mu ndagaano n'entegeka ebya Katonda naye Yisirayeli bulijjo ng'alama. Yakobo afa alanze nti mu zzadde lye mwe muliva alifuga amawanga n'aganunula (49,10).
Omugaso gw'Ekitabo mu nsangi zino: Amasooka kye kimu ku bitabo ebisinga obukulu mu Bibuliya. Ekleziya ekyesigamyako nnyo enjigiriza yaayo ku Katonda n'obutonzi bwe, ekibi, okufa, obufumbo n'okukkiriza (laba ne Rooma, Galasiya ne Abeebureeyi). Kiwa omusingi gw'entegeka ya Katonda ey'okulokola abantu (3,15) egenda etunyumizibwa n'okulambululwa okutuukira ddala mu kitabo ekisembayo mu Bibuliya, byonna ng'abizzizza obuggya (Okub. 21).
Abawandiisi b'ebitabo bya Musa
Mu kusoma ebitabo bya Musa, naddala Amasooka, Okuva ne Emiwendo, tusangamu okuddiŋŋanwa kw'ebifaayo ng'ebyogeddwako waggulu; tusangamu okukontana (laba 7,17 >< 7,24), okweyamba amannya amaawufu ku kintu kye kimu (nga Sinayi ne Korebu) n'ebirala. Ensonga evaako ebyo y'eyo eyayogeddwako waggulu, nti ebitabo bya Musa byakuŋŋaanyizibwa okuva mu bawandiisi ab'enjawulo. Abawandiisi bano kubanga baali beesuulaganye, n'olw'ebigendererwa ebyawufu buli omu bye yalina, baayawukana mu ngeri gye baayigirizangamu ebifaayo ebitukuvu. Empandiika y'abakuŋŋaanya abassa awamu ebiwandiiko byabwe eri ng'oli atunga olugoye olw'ebiraka; ekitundu ekimu bwe baakiggyanga ew'omuwandiisi ono ate ekirala ne bakiggya ew'oli. 'Ebiraka' ebimu byafaanagananga, naye ate olw'enjawulo entonotono ne babireka nga buli kimu bwe kiri. Abawandiisi abakulu omwava 'ebiraka' ebyakola ebitabo bya Musa baali bana, era abakugu baabawa amannya n'ennyukuta ezigafunza. Wano okumuyita omuwandiisi tekitegeeza nti yali muntu omu; kuno kufunza njogera, naye baalinga bangi ab'endowooza oba enjigiriza emu.
a) Omuwandiisi ayitibwa Jahwist: Yaweebwa ennyukuta J (esooka ku linnya J Yahweh). Erinnya aliggya ku kuyita Katonda Yawe (Jahweh). Ono yayigiriza mu Yuda mu myaka gya 900-710 BC. Mu kiseera ekyo obwakabaka bwa Yuda nga bwa maanyi, abantu nga beetuulidde ntende, balimi, beefuga. J bw'anyumya ekifaayo ky'okutondebwa kw'omuntu n'ensi (2,4a-24) kyava asavuwaza ku bulungi bw'ennimiro ya Edeni n'obuyinza obw'okufuga omuntu bwe yali afunye okuva ku Yawe, kino ng'akiggya mu mbeera nga bwe yali mu budde bwe.
b) Omuwandiisi ayitibwa Priest: Ava mu kibiina kya bakabona; yaweebwa ennyukuta P (esooka ku kigambo P priest). Ono ava mu bayigiriza bakabona mu Yeruzaalemu mu myaka 550-450 BC. Mu bbanga lino bakabona baali ku gwa kuzza bantu ku Tteeka oluvannyuma lw'obuwaŋŋanguse. P bw'anyumya, essira alissa ku Sabbaato, kutayirirwa, Endagaano n'emikolo egy'okusinza n'okutukuza. Mu Amas 1,1–2,4a kyava anyumya ekifaayo ky'okutondebwa kw'ensi n'omuntu ng'essira alitadde ku Sabbaato. P yeefuga ekitabo kyonna ekya Eby'Abaleevi.
c) Omuwandiisi ayitibwa Elohist: Yaweebwa ennyukuta E (esooka ku linnya Elohim). Erinnya aliggya ku kuyita Katonda Eloyimu (Elohim = Katonda). Ono ava mu bayigiriza b'omu bwakabaka obw'emambuka obuyitibwa Yisirayeli, mu myaka 850-750 BC. Lino lye bbanga abalanzi we baalwanyisiza ennyo okusinza ebitaliimu ne balubaale mu Yisirayeli. Bw'anyumya ebifaayo ebitukuvu, Katonda amuyita Eloyimu (erinnya eriggumiza nti ye Katonda omukama wa balubaale bonna, kyava ayitibwa Kyrios, Omukama, mu Lugereeki). E ayagala nnyo abalanzi, era Yiburayimu, Musa ne Miriyamu abayita balanzi (Amas 20,7; Okuv 15,20). Musa ye mulanzi asinga mu bonna. E ayagala nnyo bamalayika, ebirooto n'okulabikirwa. Laba ennyumya ye mu Amas 15,1-21; 40,1–42,37; Okuv 17,3–24,8. Olusozi Sinayi aluyita Korebu.
d) Omuwandiisi ayitibwa Deuteronomist, Munnamateeka: Yaweebwa ennyukuta D (esooka ku kigambo DDeuteronomist). Ono ebiwandiiko bye byefuga ekitabo kyonna ekya Etteeka Ogwokubiri. Awalala we bisangibwa ye Okuv 12,24-27 ne 13,3-16.26. D essira alissa ku kuzza Endagaano obuggya n'abantu okwezza obuggya mu Tteeka ery'Endagaano. Awa njigiriza okusinga okunyumya ebifaayo. Ku ye Musa ye mulanzi omukulu awa etteeka lya Katonda. Enjigiriza ya D yasookera emambuka mu 750 BC, oluvannyuma n'ekkirira mu Yuda nga mu 700 BC. Nga Yisirayeli avudde mu buwaŋŋanguse, mu 538 BC, enjigiriza n'ebiwandiiko bya D byakakata, kubanga enjigiriza ye yali etuukana bulungi n'obwetaavu bw'omu bbanga eryo obw'okwezza obuggya ng'abantu baddamu okwettanira etteeka.
AMASOOKA
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BIBULIYA ENTUKUVU SECOND EDITION © The Bible Society of Uganda, 2018.