Psalms 119
119
1-8You’re blessed when you stay on course,
walking steadily on the road revealed by God.
You’re blessed when you follow his directions,
doing your best to find him.
That’s right—you don’t go off on your own;
you walk straight along the road he set.
You, God, prescribed the right way to live;
now you expect us to live it.
Oh, that my steps might be steady,
keeping to the course you set;
Then I’d never have any regrets
in comparing my life with your counsel.
I thank you for speaking straight from your heart;
I learn the pattern of your righteous ways.
I’m going to do what you tell me to do;
don’t ever walk off and leave me.
* * *
9-16How can a young person live a clean life?
By carefully reading the map of your Word.
I’m single-minded in pursuit of you;
don’t let me miss the road signs you’ve posted.
I’ve banked your promises in the vault of my heart
so I won’t sin myself bankrupt.
Be blessed, God;
train me in your ways of wise living.
I’ll transfer to my lips
all the counsel that comes from your mouth;
I delight far more in what you tell me about living
than in gathering a pile of riches.
I ponder every morsel of wisdom from you,
I attentively watch how you’ve done it.
I relish everything you’ve told me of life,
I won’t forget a word of it.
* * *
17-24Be generous with me and I’ll live a full life;
not for a minute will I take my eyes off your road.
Open my eyes so I can see
what you show me of your miracle-wonders.
I’m a stranger in these parts;
give me clear directions.
My soul is starved and hungry, ravenous!—
insatiable for your nourishing commands.
And those who think they know so much,
ignoring everything you tell them—let them have it!
Don’t let them mock and humiliate me;
I’ve been careful to do just what you said.
While bad neighbors maliciously gossip about me,
I’m absorbed in pondering your wise counsel.
Yes, your sayings on life are what give me delight;
I listen to them as to good neighbors!
* * *
25-32I’m feeling terrible—I couldn’t feel worse!
Get me on my feet again. You promised, remember?
When I told my story, you responded;
train me well in your deep wisdom.
Help me understand these things inside and out
so I can ponder your miracle-wonders.
My sad life’s dilapidated, a falling-down barn;
build me up again by your Word.
Barricade the road that goes Nowhere;
grace me with your clear revelation.
I choose the true road to Somewhere,
I post your road signs at every curve and corner.
I grasp and cling to whatever you tell me;
God, don’t let me down!
I’ll run the course you lay out for me
if you’ll just show me how.
* * *
33-40 God, teach me lessons for living
so I can stay the course.
Give me insight so I can do what you tell me—
my whole life one long, obedient response.
Guide me down the road of your commandments;
I love traveling this freeway!
Give me an appetite for your words of wisdom,
and not for piling up loot.
Divert my eyes from toys and trinkets,
invigorate me on the pilgrim way.
Affirm your promises to me—
promises made to all who fear you.
Deflect the harsh words of my critics—
but what you say is always so good.
See how hungry I am for your counsel;
preserve my life through your righteous ways!
* * *
41-48Let your love, God, shape my life
with salvation, exactly as you promised;
Then I’ll be able to stand up to mockery
because I trusted your Word.
Don’t ever deprive me of truth, not ever—
your commandments are what I depend on.
Oh, I’ll guard with my life what you’ve revealed to me,
guard it now, guard it ever;
And I’ll stride freely through wide open spaces
as I look for your truth and your wisdom;
Then I’ll tell the world what I find,
speak out boldly in public, unembarrassed.
I cherish your commandments—oh, how I love them!—
relishing every fragment of your counsel.
* * *
49-56Remember what you said to me, your servant—
I hang on to these words for dear life!
These words hold me up in bad times;
yes, your promises rejuvenate me.
The haters hate me without mercy,
but I don’t budge from your revelation.
I watch for your ancient landmark words,
and know I’m on the right track.
But when I see the wicked ignore your directions,
I’m beside myself with anger.
I set your instructions to music
and sing them as I walk this pilgrim way.
I meditate on your name all night, God,
treasuring your revelation, O God.
Still, I walk through a rain of derision
because I live by your Word and counsel.
* * *
57-64Because you have satisfied me, God, I promise
to do everything you say.
I beg you from the bottom of my heart: smile,
be gracious to me just as you promised.
When I took a long, careful look at your ways,
I got my feet back on the trail you blazed.
I was up at once, didn’t drag my feet,
was quick to follow your orders.
The wicked hemmed me in—there was no way out—
but not for a minute did I forget your plan for me.
I get up in the middle of the night to thank you;
your decisions are so right, so true—I can’t wait till morning!
I’m a friend and companion of all who fear you,
of those committed to living by your rules.
Your love, God, fills the earth!
Train me to live by your counsel.
* * *
65-72Be good to your servant, God;
be as good as your Word.
Train me in good common sense;
I’m thoroughly committed to living your way.
Before I learned to answer you, I wandered all over the place,
but now I’m in step with your Word.
You are good, and the source of good;
train me in your goodness.
The godless spread lies about me,
but I focus my attention on what you are saying;
They’re bland as a bucket of lard,
while I dance to the tune of your revelation.
My troubles turned out all for the best—
they forced me to learn from your textbook.
Truth from your mouth means more to me
than striking it rich in a gold mine.
* * *
73-80With your very own hands you formed me;
now breathe your wisdom over me so I can understand you.
When they see me waiting, expecting your Word,
those who fear you will take heart and be glad.
I can see now, God, that your decisions are right;
your testing has taught me what’s true and right.
Oh, love me—and right now!—hold me tight!
just the way you promised.
Now comfort me so I can live, really live;
your revelation is the tune I dance to.
Let the fast-talking tricksters be exposed as frauds;
they tried to sell me a bill of goods,
but I kept my mind fixed on your counsel.
Let those who fear you turn to me
for evidence of your wise guidance.
And let me live whole and holy, soul and body,
so I can always walk with my head held high.
* * *
81-88I’m homesick—longing for your salvation;
I’m waiting for your word of hope.
My eyes grow heavy watching for some sign of your promise;
how long must I wait for your comfort?
There’s smoke in my eyes—they burn and water,
but I keep a steady gaze on the instructions you post.
How long do I have to put up with all this?
How long till you haul my tormentors into court?
The arrogant godless try to throw me off track,
ignorant as they are of God and his ways.
Everything you command is a sure thing,
but they harass me with lies. Help!
They’ve pushed and pushed—they never let up—
but I haven’t relaxed my grip on your counsel.
In your great love revive me
so I can alertly obey your every word.
* * *
89-96What you say goes, God,
and stays, as permanent as the heavens.
Your truth never goes out of fashion;
it’s as relevant as the earth when the sun comes up.
Your Word and truth are dependable as ever;
that’s what you ordered—you set the earth going.
If your revelation hadn’t delighted me so,
I would have given up when the hard times came.
But I’ll never forget the advice you gave me;
you saved my life with those wise words.
Save me! I’m all yours.
I look high and low for your words of wisdom.
The wicked lie in ambush to destroy me,
but I’m only concerned with your plans for me.
I see the limits to everything human,
but the horizons can’t contain your commands!
* * *
97-104Oh, how I love all you’ve revealed;
I reverently ponder it all the day long.
Your commands give me an edge on my enemies;
they never become obsolete.
I’ve even become smarter than my teachers
since I’ve pondered and absorbed your counsel.
I’ve become wiser than the wise old sages
simply by doing what you tell me.
I watch my step, avoiding the ditches and ruts of evil
so I can spend all my time keeping your Word.
I never make detours from the route you laid out;
you gave me such good directions.
Your words are so choice, so tasty;
I prefer them to the best home cooking.
With your instruction, I understand life;
that’s why I hate false propaganda.
* * *
105-112By your words I can see where I’m going;
they throw a beam of light on my dark path.
I’ve committed myself and I’ll never turn back
from living by your righteous order.
Everything’s falling apart on me, God;
put me together again with your Word.
Adorn me with your finest sayings, God;
teach me your holy rules.
My life is as close as my own hands,
but I don’t forget what you have revealed.
The wicked do their best to throw me off track,
but I don’t swerve an inch from your course.
I inherited your book on living; it’s mine forever—
what a gift! And how happy it makes me!
I concentrate on doing exactly what you say—
I always have and always will.
* * *
113-120I hate the two-faced,
but I love your clear-cut revelation.
You’re my place of quiet retreat;
I wait for your Word to renew me.
Get out of my life, evildoers,
so I can keep my God’s commands.
Take my side as you promised; I’ll live then for sure.
Don’t disappoint all my grand hopes.
Stick with me and I’ll be all right;
I’ll give total allegiance to your definitions of life.
Expose all who drift away from your sayings;
their casual idolatry is lethal.
You reject earth’s wicked as so much rubbish;
therefore I lovingly embrace everything you say.
I shiver in awe before you;
your decisions leave me speechless with reverence.
* * *
121-128I stood up for justice and the right;
don’t leave me to the mercy of my oppressors.
Take the side of your servant, good God;
don’t let the godless take advantage of me.
I can’t keep my eyes open any longer, waiting for you
to keep your promise to set everything right.
Let your love dictate how you deal with me;
teach me from your textbook on life.
I’m your servant—help me understand what that means,
the inner meaning of your instructions.
It’s time to act, God;
they’ve made a shambles of your revelation!
Yea-Saying God, I love what you command,
I love it better than gold and gemstones;
Yea-Saying God, I honor everything you tell me,
I despise every deceitful detour.
* * *
129-136Every word you give me is a miracle word—
how could I help but obey?
Break open your words, let the light shine out,
let ordinary people see the meaning.
Mouth open and panting,
I wanted your commands more than anything.
Turn my way, look kindly on me,
as you always do to those who personally love you.
Steady my steps with your Word of promise
so nothing malign gets the better of me.
Rescue me from the grip of bad men and women
so I can live life your way.
Smile on me, your servant;
teach me the right way to live.
I cry rivers of tears
because nobody’s living by your book!
* * *
137-144You are right and you do right, God;
your decisions are right on target.
You rightly instruct us in how to live
ever faithful to you.
My rivals nearly did me in,
they persistently ignored your commandments.
Your promise has been tested through and through,
and I, your servant, love it dearly.
I’m too young to be important,
but I don’t forget what you tell me.
Your righteousness is eternally right,
your revelation is the only truth.
Even though troubles came down on me hard,
your commands always gave me delight.
The way you tell me to live is always right;
help me understand it so I can live to the fullest.
* * *
145-152I call out at the top of my lungs,
“God! Answer! I’ll do whatever you say.”
I called to you, “Save me
so I can carry out all your instructions.”
I was up before sunrise,
crying for help, hoping for a word from you.
I stayed awake all night,
prayerfully pondering your promise.
In your love, listen to me;
in your justice, God, keep me alive.
As those out to get me come closer and closer,
they go farther and farther from the truth you reveal;
But you’re the closest of all to me, God,
and all your judgments true.
I’ve known all along from the evidence of your words
that you meant them to last forever.
* * *
153-160Take a good look at my trouble, and help me—
I haven’t forgotten your revelation.
Take my side and get me out of this;
give me back my life, just as you promised.
“Salvation” is only gibberish to the wicked
because they’ve never looked it up in your dictionary.
Your mercies, God, run into the billions;
following your guidelines, revive me.
My antagonists are too many to count,
but I don’t swerve from the directions you gave.
I took one look at the quitters and was filled with loathing;
they walked away from your promises so casually!
Take note of how I love what you tell me;
out of your life of love, prolong my life.
Your words all add up to the sum total: Truth.
Your righteous decisions are eternal.
* * *
161-168I’ve been slandered unmercifully by the politicians,
but my awe at your words keeps me stable.
I’m ecstatic over what you say,
like one who strikes it rich.
I hate lies—can’t stand them!—
but I love what you have revealed.
Seven times each day I stop and shout praises
for the way you keep everything running right.
For those who love what you reveal, everything fits—
no stumbling around in the dark for them.
I wait expectantly for your salvation;
God, I do what you tell me.
My soul guards and keeps all your instructions—
oh, how much I love them!
I follow your directions, abide by your counsel;
my life’s an open book before you.
* * *
169-176Let my cry come right into your presence, God;
provide me with the insight that comes only from your Word.
Give my request your personal attention,
rescue me on the terms of your promise.
Let praise cascade off my lips;
after all, you’ve taught me the truth about life!
And let your promises ring from my tongue;
every order you’ve given is right.
Put your hand out and steady me
since I’ve chosen to live by your counsel.
I’m homesick, God, for your salvation;
I love it when you show yourself!
Invigorate my soul so I can praise you well,
use your decrees to put iron in my soul.
And should I wander off like a lost sheep—seek me!
I’ll recognize the sound of your voice.
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Psalms 119: MSG
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THE MESSAGE: The Bible in Contemporary Language copyright © 1993, 2002, 2018 by Eugene H. Peterson. All rights reserved. Used by permission of NavPress. Represented by Tyndale House Publishers.
Psalms 119
119
Psalm 119#sn Psalm 119. The psalmist celebrates God’s law and the guidance it provides his people. He expresses his desire to know God’s law thoroughly so that he might experience the blessings that come to those who obey it. This lengthy psalm exhibits an elaborate acrostic pattern. The psalm is divided into twenty-two sections (corresponding to the letters of the Hebrew alphabet), each of which is comprised of eight verses. Each of the verses in the first section (vv. 1-8) begins with the letter alef (א), the first letter of the Hebrew alphabet. This pattern continues throughout the psalm as each new section highlights a successive letter of the alphabet. Each verse in section two (vv. 9-16) begins with the second letter of the alphabet, each verse in section three (vv. 17-24) with the third letter, etc. This rigid pattern creates a sense of order and completeness and may have facilitated memorization.
א (Alef)
1 How blessed are those whose actions are blameless,#tn Heb “[Oh] the happiness of those who are blameless of way.”
who obey#tn Heb “walk in.” the law of the Lord.
2 How blessed are those who observe his rules,
and seek him with all their heart,
3 who, moreover, do no wrong,
but follow in his footsteps.#tn Heb “walk in his ways.”
4 You demand that your precepts
be carefully kept.#tn Heb “you, you commanded your precepts, to keep, very much.”
5 If only I were predisposed#tn Heb “if only my ways were established.”
to keep your statutes!
6 Then I would not be ashamed,
if#tn Or “when.” I were focused on#tn Heb “I gaze at.” all your commands.
7 I will give you sincere thanks,#tn Heb “I will give you thanks with an upright heart.”
when I learn your just regulations.
8 I will keep your statutes.
Do not completely abandon me!#tn Heb “do not abandon me to excess.” For other uses of the phrase עַד מְאֹד (’ad mÿ’od, “to excess”), see Ps 38:6, 8.
ב (Bet)
9 How can a young person#tn Heb “young man.” Hebrew wisdom literature often assumes and reflects the male-oriented perspective of ancient Israelite society. The principle of the psalm is certainly applicable to all people, regardless of their gender or age. To facilitate modern application, the gender specific “young man” has been translated with the more neutral “young person.” maintain a pure life?#tn Heb “purify his path.”
By guarding it according to your instructions!#tn Heb “by keeping according to your word.” Many medieval Hebrew mss as well as the LXX read the plural, “your words.”
10 With all my heart I seek you.
Do not allow me to stray from your commands!
11 In my heart I store up#tn Or “hide.” your words,#tn Heb “your word.” Some medieval Hebrew mss as well as the LXX read the plural, “your words.”
so I might not sin against you.
12 You deserve praise,#tn Heb “[are] blessed.” O Lord!
Teach me your statutes!
13 With my lips I proclaim
all the regulations you have revealed.#tn Heb “of your mouth.”
14 I rejoice in the lifestyle prescribed by your rules#tn Heb “in the way of your rules.”
as if#tn Heb “as upon,” meaning “as if” (see 2 Chr 32:19). they were riches of all kinds.#tn Heb “all wealth.” The phrase refers to all kinds of wealth and riches. See Prov 1:13; 6:31; 24:4; Ezek 27:12, 18.
15 I will meditate on#tn The cohortative verbal forms in this verse express the psalmist’s resolve. your precepts
and focus#tn Heb “gaze [at].” on your behavior.#tn Heb “ways” (referring figuratively to God’s behavior here).
16 I find delight#tn The imperfects in this verse emphasize the attitude the psalmist maintains toward God’s law. Another option is to translate with the future tense, “I will find delight…I will not forget.” in your statutes;
I do not forget your instructions.#tn Heb “your word.” Many medieval Hebrew mss as well as the LXX read the plural here.
ג (Gimel)
17 Be kind to your servant!
Then I will live#tn The prefixed verbal form is probably a cohortative indicating purpose/result after the preceding imperative. and keep#tn The cohortative with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the imperative that begins the verse. your instructions.#tn Heb “your word.” Many medieval Hebrew mss as well as several ancient versions read the plural here.
18 Open#tn Heb “uncover.” The verb form גַּל (gal) is an apocopated Piel imperative from גָּלָה (galah, see GKC 214 §75.cc). my eyes so I can truly see#tn The cohortative with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the preceding imperative.
the marvelous things in your law!
19 I am like a foreigner in this land.#tn Heb “I am a resident alien in the land.” Resident aliens were especially vulnerable and in need of help. They needed to know the social and legal customs of the land to avoid getting into trouble. The translation (note the addition of “like”) assumes the psalmist is speaking metaphorically, not literally.
Do not hide your commands from me!
20 I desperately long to know#tn Heb “my soul languishes for longing for.”
your regulations at all times.
21 You reprimand arrogant people.
Those who stray from your commands are doomed.#tn Heb “accursed.” The traditional punctuation of the Hebrew text takes “accursed” with the previous line (“arrogant, accursed ones”), but it is preferable to take it with the second line as the predicate of the statement.
22 Spare me#tn Heb “roll away from upon me.” Some derive the imperatival form גַּל (gal) from גָּלָה (galah, “uncover,” as in v. 18), but here the form is from גָּלַל (galal, “roll”; see Josh 5:9, where חֶרְפָּה [kherpah, “shame; reproach”] also appears as object of the verb). Some, following the lead of a Dead Sea scroll (11QPsa), emend the form to גֹּל (gol). shame and humiliation,
for I observe your rules.
23 Though rulers plot and slander me,#tn Heb “though rulers sit, about me they talk together.” (For another example of the Niphal of דָּבַר (davar) used with a suffixed form of the preposition ב, see Ezek 33:30.)
your servant meditates on your statutes.
24 Yes, I find delight in your rules;
they give me guidance.#tn Heb “men of my counsel.” That is, God’s rules are like advisers to the psalmist, for they teach him how to live in a godly manner that refutes the accusations of his enemies.
ד (Dalet)
25 I collapse in the dirt.#tn Heb “my soul clings to the dirt.” The Hebrew term נֶפֶשׁ (nefesh, “being; soul”) with a pronominal suffix is often equivalent to a pronoun, especially in poetry (see BDB 660 s.v. נֶפֶשׁ 4.a).
Revive me with your word!#tn Heb “according to your word.” Many medieval Hebrew mss read the plural “your words.”
26 I told you about my ways#tn Heb “my ways I proclaimed.” and you answered me.
Teach me your statutes!
27 Help me to understand what your precepts mean!#tn Heb “the way of your precepts make me understand.”
Then I can meditate#tn The cohortative with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the preceding imperative. on your marvelous teachings.#tn Heb “your amazing things,” which refers here to the teachings of the law (see v. 18).
28 I collapse#tn Some translate “my soul weeps,” taking the verb דָלַף (dalaf) from a root meaning “to drip; to drop” (BDB 196 s.v. דֶּלַף). On the basis of cognate evidence from Arabic and Akkadian, HALOT 223 s.v. II דלף proposes a homonymic root here, meaning “be sleepless.” Following L. C. Allen (Psalms 101-150 [WBC], 127, 135) the translation assumes that the verb is cognate with Ugaritic dlp, “to collapse; to crumple” in CTA 2 iv. 17, 26. See G. R. Driver, Canaanite Myths and Legends, 44, 144. from grief.
Sustain me by your word!#tn Heb “according to your word.” Many medieval Hebrew mss read the plural “your words.”
29 Remove me from the path of deceit!#tn The “path of deceit” refers to a lifestyle characterized by deceit and disloyalty to God. It stands in contrast to the “way of faithfulness” in v. 30.
Graciously give me#tn Heb “be gracious to me.” The verb is used metonymically here for “graciously giving” the law. (See Gen 33:5, where Jacob uses this verb in describing how God had graciously given him children.) your law!
30 I choose the path of faithfulness;
I am committed to#tn BDB 1000-1001 s.v. I שָׁוָה derives the verb from the first homonym listed, meaning “to agree with; to be like; to resemble.” It here means (in the Piel stem) “to be accounted suitable,” which in turn would mean by metonymy “to accept; to be committed to.” Some prefer to derive the verb from a homonym meaning “to place; to set,” but in this case an elliptical prepositional phrase must be understood, “I place your regulations [before me]” (see Ps 16:8). your regulations.
31 I hold fast#tn Or “cling to.” to your rules.
O Lord, do not let me be ashamed!
32 I run along the path of your commands,
for you enable me to do so.#tn Heb “for you make wide my heart.” The “heart” is viewed here as the seat of the psalmist’s volition and understanding. The Lord gives the psalmist the desire and moral understanding that are foundational to the willing obedience depicted metaphorically in the preceding line. In Isa 60:5 the expression “your heart will be wide” means “your heart will swell with pride,” but here the nuance appears to be different.
ה (He)
33 Teach me, O Lord, the lifestyle prescribed by your statutes,#tn Heb “the way of your statutes.”
so that I might observe it continually.#tn Heb “and I will keep it to the end.” The prefixed verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the preceding imperative. The Hebrew term עֵקֶב (’eqev) is understood to mean “end” here. Another option is to take עֵקֶב (’eqev) as meaning “reward” here (see Ps 19:11) and to translate, “so that I might observe it and be rewarded.”
34 Give me understanding so that I might observe your law,
and keep it with all my heart.#tn The two prefixed verbal forms with vav (ו) conjunctive indicate purpose/result after the introductory imperative.
35 Guide me#tn Or “make me walk.” in the path of your commands,
for I delight to walk in it.#tn Heb “for in it I delight.”
36 Give me a desire for your rules,#tn Heb “turn my heart to your rules.”
rather than for wealth gained unjustly.#tn Heb “and not unjust gain.”
37 Turn my eyes away from what is worthless!#tn Heb “Make my eyes pass by from looking at what is worthless.”
Revive me with your word!#tn Heb “by your word.”
38 Confirm to your servant your promise,#tn Heb “word.”
which you made to the one who honors you.#tn Heb “which [is] for your fear,” that is, the promise made to those who exhibit fear of God.
39 Take away the insults that I dread!#tn Heb “my reproach that I fear.”
Indeed,#tn Or “for.” your regulations are good.
40 Look, I long for your precepts.
Revive me with your deliverance!#tn Or “righteousness.”
ו (Vav)
41 May I experience your loyal love,#tn Heb “and may your loyal love come to me.” O Lord,
and your deliverance,#tn Or “salvation” (so many English versions). as you promised.#tn Heb “according to your word.”
42 Then I will have a reply for the one who insults me,#tn Heb “and I will answer [the] one who insults me a word.” The prefixed verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the jussive (see v. 41).
for I trust in your word.
43 Do not completely deprive me of a truthful testimony,#tn Heb “do not snatch from my mouth a word of truth to excess.” The psalmist wants to be able to give a reliable testimony about the Lord’s loyal love (vv. 41-42), but if God does not intervene, the psalmist will be deprived of doing so, for the evidence of such love (i.e., deliverance) will be lacking.
for I await your justice.
44 Then I will keep#tn The cohortative verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the negated jussive (see v. 43). your law continually
now and for all time.#tn Or “forever and ever.”
45 I will be secure,#tn Heb “and I will walk about in a wide place.” The cohortative with prefixed vav (ו) conjunctive gives a further consequence of the anticipated positive divine response (see vv. 43-44). Another option is to take the cohortative as expressing the psalmist’s request. In this case one could translate, “and please give me security.”
for I seek your precepts.
46 I will speak#tn The series of four cohortatives with prefixed vav (ו) conjunctive in vv. 46-48 list further consequences of the anticipated positive divine response to the request made in v. 43. about your regulations before kings
and not be ashamed.
47 I will find delight in your commands,
which I love.
48 I will lift my hands to#tn Lifting the hands is often associated with prayer (Pss 28:2; 63:4; Lam 2:19). (1) Because praying to God’s law borders on the extreme, some prefer to emend the text to “I lift up my hands to you,” eliminating “your commands, which I love” as dittographic. In this view these words were accidentally repeated from the previous verse. (2) However, it is possible that the psalmist closely associates the law with God himself because he views the law as the expression of the divine will. (3) Another option is that “lifting the hands” does not refer to prayer here, but to the psalmist’s desire to receive and appropriate the law. (4) Still others understand this to be an action praising God’s commands (so NCV; cf. TEV, CEV, NLT). your commands,
which I love,
and I will meditate on your statutes.
ז (Zayin)
49 Remember your word to your servant,
for you have given me hope.
50 This#tn The demonstrative “this” refers back to the hope just mentioned or forward to the statement in the second line concerning the promise’s power to revive. See the note on the word “me” at the end of the verse for further discussion. is what comforts me in my trouble,
for your promise revives me.#tn The hope generated by the promise (see v. 49b) brings comfort because (note “for” at the beginning of the line) the promise revives the psalmist’s spirits. Another option is to take כִּי (ki) at the beginning of the second line in the sense of “that,” in which case “this” refers to the promise’s power to revive.
51 Arrogant people do nothing but scoff at me.#tn Heb “scoff at me to excess.”
Yet I do not turn aside from your law.
52 I remember your ancient regulations,#tn Heb “I remember your regulations from of old.” The prepositional phrase “from of old” apparently modifies “your regulations,” alluding to the fact that God revealed them to Israel in the distant past. Another option is to understand the prepositional phrase as modifying the verb, in which case one might translate, “I have long remembered your regulations.”
O Lord, and console myself.#tn Or “find comfort.”
53 Rage takes hold of me because of the wicked,
those who reject your law.
54 Your statutes have been my songs#tn Heb “songs were your statutes to me.”
in the house where I live.#tn Heb “in the house of my dwelling place.” Some take the Hebrew noun מָגוֹר (magor) in the sense of “temporary abode,” and see this as a reference to the psalmist’s status as a resident alien (see v. 19). But the noun can refer to a dwelling place in general (see Ps 55:15).
55 I remember your name during the night, O Lord,
and I will keep#tn The cohortative verbal form expresses the psalmist’s resolve to obey the law. your law.
56 This#tn Heb “this has been to me.” The demonstrative “this” (1) refers back to the practices mentioned in vv. 54-55, or (2) looks forward to the statement in the second line, in which case the כִּי (ki) at the beginning of the second line should be translated “that.” has been my practice,
for I observe your precepts.
ח (Khet)
57 The Lord is my source of security.#tn Heb “my portion [is] the Lord.” The psalmist compares the Lord to landed property, which was foundational to economic stability in ancient Israel (see Ps 16:5).
I have determined#tn Heb “I said.” to follow your instructions.#tn Heb “to keep your words” (see v. 9).
58 I seek your favor#tn Heb “I appease your face.” with all my heart.
Have mercy on me as you promised!#tn Heb “according to your word.”
59 I consider my actions#tn Heb “my ways.”
and follow#tn Heb “and I turn my feet toward.” your rules.
60 I keep your commands
eagerly and without delay.#tn Heb “I hurry and I do not delay to keep your commands.”
61 The ropes of the wicked tighten around#tn Heb “surround.” me,
but I do not forget your law.
62 In the middle of the night I arise#tn The psalmist uses an imperfect verbal form to emphasize that this is his continuing practice. to thank you
for your just regulations.
63 I am a friend to all your loyal followers,#tn Heb “to all who fear you.”
and to those who keep your precepts.
64 O Lord, your loyal love fills the earth.
Teach me your statutes!
ט (Tet)
65 You are good#tn Heb “do good.” to your servant,
O Lord, just as you promised.#tn Heb “according to your word.”
66 Teach me proper discernment#tn Heb “goodness of taste.” Here “taste” refers to moral and ethical discernment. and understanding!
For I consider your commands to be reliable.#tn Heb “for I believe in your commands.”
67 Before I was afflicted I used to stray off,#tn Heb “before I suffered, I was straying off.”
but now I keep your instructions.#tn Heb “your word.”
68 You are good and you do good.
Teach me your statutes!
69 Arrogant people smear my reputation with lies,#tn Heb “smear over me a lie.”
but I observe your precepts with all my heart.
70 Their hearts are calloused,#tn Heb “their heart is insensitive like fat.”
but I find delight in your law.
71 It was good for me to suffer,
so that I might learn your statutes.
72 The law you have revealed is more important to me
than thousands of pieces of gold and silver.#tn Heb “better to me [is] the law of your mouth than thousands of gold and silver.”
י (Yod)
73 Your hands made me and formed me.#tn Heb “made me and established me.” The two verbs also appear together in Deut 32:6, where God, compared to a father, is said to have “made and established” Israel.
Give me understanding so that I might learn#tn The cohortative verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the preceding imperative. your commands.
74 Your loyal followers will be glad when they see me,#tn Heb “those who fear you will see me and rejoice.”
for I find hope in your word.
75 I know, Lord, that your regulations#tn In this context (note the second line) the Hebrew term מִשְׁפָּטִים (mishpatim), which so often refers to the regulations of God’s law elsewhere in this psalm, may refer instead to his decisions or disciplinary judgment. are just.
You disciplined me because of your faithful devotion to me.#tn Heb “and [in] faithfulness you afflicted me.”
76 May your loyal love console me,
as you promised your servant.#tn Heb “according to your word to your servant.”
77 May I experience your compassion,#tn Heb “and may your compassion come to me.” so I might live!
For I find delight in your law.
78 May the arrogant be humiliated, for they have slandered me!#tn Heb “for [with] falsehood they have denied me justice.”
But I meditate on your precepts.
79 May your loyal followers#tn Heb “those who fear you.” turn to me,
those who know your rules.
80 May I be fully committed to your statutes,#tn Heb “may my heart be complete in your statutes.”
so that I might not be ashamed.
כ (Kaf)
81 I desperately long for#tn Heb “my soul pines for.” See Ps 84:2. your deliverance.
I find hope in your word.
82 My eyes grow tired as I wait for your promise to be fulfilled.#tn Heb “my eyes fail for your word.” The psalmist has intently kept his eyes open, looking for God to intervene, but now his eyes are watery and bloodshot, impairing his vision. See Ps 69:3.
I say,#tn Heb “saying.” “When will you comfort me?”
83 For#tn Or “even though.” I am like a wineskin#tn The Hebrew word נֹאד (no’d, “leather container”) refers to a container made from animal skin which is used to hold wine or milk (see Josh 9:4, 13; Judg 4:19; 1 Sam 16:20). dried up in smoke.#tn Heb “in the smoke.”
I do not forget your statutes.
84 How long must your servant endure this?#tn Heb “How long are the days of your servant?”
When will you judge those who pursue me?
85 The arrogant dig pits to trap me,#tn Heb “for me.”
which violates your law.#tn Heb “which [is] not according to your law.”
86 All your commands are reliable.
I am pursued without reason.#sn God’s commands are a reliable guide to right and wrong. By keeping them the psalmist is doing what is right, yet he is still persecuted. Help me!
87 They have almost destroyed me here on the earth,
but I do not reject your precepts.
88 Revive me with#tn Heb “according to.” your loyal love,
that I might keep#tn The cohortative verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the preceding imperative. the rules you have revealed.#tn Heb “of your mouth.”
ל (Lamed)
89 O Lord, your instructions endure;
they stand secure in heaven.#tn Heb “Forever, O Lord, your word stands firm in heaven,” or “Forever, O Lord, [is] your word; it stands firm in heaven.” The translation assumes that “your word” refers here to the body of divine instructions contained in the law (note the frequent references to the law in vv. 92-96). See vv. 9, 16-17, 57, 101, 105, 130, 139 and 160-61. The reference in v. 86 to God’s law being faithful favors this interpretation. Another option is that “your word” refers to God’s assuring word of promise, mentioned in vv. 25, 28, 42, 65, 74, 81, 107, 114, 147 and 169. In this case one might translate, “O Lord, your promise is reliable, it stands firm in heaven.”
90 You demonstrate your faithfulness to all generations.#tn Heb “to a generation and a generation [is] your faithfulness.”
You established the earth and it stood firm.
91 Today they stand firm by your decrees,
for all things are your servants.
92 If I had not found encouragement in your law,#tn Heb “if your law had not been my delight.”
I would have died in my sorrow.#tn Or “my suffering.”
93 I will never forget your precepts,
for by them you have revived me.
94 I belong to you. Deliver me!
For I seek your precepts.
95 The wicked prepare to kill me,#tn Heb “the wicked wait for me to kill me.”
yet I concentrate on your rules.
96 I realize that everything has its limits,
but your commands are beyond full comprehension.#tn Heb “to every perfection I have seen an end, your command is very wide.” God’s law is beyond full comprehension, which is why the psalmist continually studies it (vv. 95, 97).
מ (Mem)
97 O how I love your law!
All day long I meditate on it.
98 Your commandments#tn The plural form needs to be revocalized as a singular in order to agree with the preceding singular verb and the singular pronoun in the next line. The Lord’s “command” refers here to the law (see Ps 19:8). make me wiser than my enemies,
for I am always aware of them.
99 I have more insight than all my teachers,
for I meditate on your rules.
100 I am more discerning than those older than I,
for I observe your precepts.
101 I stay away#tn Heb “I hold back my feet.” from the evil path,
so that I might keep your instructions.#tn Heb “your word.” Many medieval Hebrew mss read the plural.
102 I do not turn aside from your regulations,
for you teach me.
103 Your words are sweeter
in my mouth than honey!#tn Heb “How smooth they are to my palate, your word, more than honey to my mouth.” A few medieval Hebrew mss, as well as several other ancient witnesses, read the plural “your words,” which can then be understood as the subject of the plural verb “they are smooth.”
104 Your precepts give me discernment.
Therefore I hate all deceitful actions.#tn Heb “every false path.”
נ (Nun)
105 Your word#tn Many medieval Hebrew mss read the plural (“words”). is a lamp to walk by,
and a light to illumine my path.#tn Heb “[is] a lamp for my foot and a light for my path.”
106 I have vowed and solemnly sworn
to keep your just regulations.
107 I am suffering terribly.
O Lord, revive me with your word!#tn Heb “according to your word.”
108 O Lord, please accept the freewill offerings of my praise!#tn Heb “of my mouth.”
Teach me your regulations!
109 My life is in continual danger,#tn Heb “my life [is] in my hands continually.”
but I do not forget your law.
110 The wicked lay a trap for me,
but I do not wander from your precepts.
111 I claim your rules as my permanent possession,
for they give me joy.#tn Heb “for the joy of my heart [are] they.”
112 I am determined to obey#tn Heb “I turn my heart to do.” your statutes
at all times, to the very end.
ס (Samek)
ֹ119:113 I hate people with divided loyalties,#tn Heb “divided ones.” The word occurs only here; it appears to be derived from a verbal root, attested in Arabic, meaning “to split” (see HALOT 762 s.v. *סֵעֵף). Since the psalmist is emphasizing his unswerving allegiance to God and his law, the term probably refers to those who lack such loyalty. The translation is similar to that suggested by L. C. Allen, Psalms 101-150 (WBC), 131.
but I love your law.
114 You are my hiding place and my shield.
I find hope in your word.
115 Turn away from me, you evil men,
so that I can observe#tn The cohortative verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the preceding imperative. the commands of my God.#tn The psalmist has already declared that he observes God’s commands despite persecution, so here the idea must be “so that I might observe the commands of my God unhindered by threats.”
116 Sustain me as you promised,#tn Heb “according to your word.” so that I will live.#tn The prefixed verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the preceding imperative.
Do not disappoint me!#tn Heb “do not make me ashamed of my hope.” After the Hebrew verb בּוֹשׁ (bosh, “to be ashamed”) the preposition מִן (min, “from”) often introduces the reason for shame.
117 Support me, so that I will be delivered.
Then I will focus#tn Or “and that I might focus.” The two cohortatives with vav (ו) conjunctive indicate purpose/result after the imperative at the beginning of the verse. on your statutes continually.
118 You despise#tn The Hebrew verb סָלָה (salah, “to disdain”) occurs only here and in Lam 1:15. Cognate usage in Aramaic and Akkadian, as well as Lam 1:15, suggest it may have a concrete nuance of “to throw away.” all who stray from your statutes,
for they are deceptive and unreliable.#tn Heb “for their deceit [is] falsehood.”
119 You remove all the wicked of the earth like slag.#sn Traditionally “dross” (so KJV, ASV, NIV). The metaphor comes from metallurgy; “slag” is the substance left over after the metallic ore has been refined.
Therefore I love your rules.#sn As he explains in the next verse, the psalmist’s fear of judgment motivates him to obey God’s rules.
120 My body#tn Heb “my flesh.” trembles#tn The Hebrew verb סָמַר (samar, “to tremble”) occurs only here and in Job 4:15. because I fear you;#tn Heb “from fear of you.” The pronominal suffix on the noun is an objective genitive.
I am afraid of your judgments.
ע (Ayin)
121 I do what is fair and right.#tn Heb “do justice and righteousness.”
Do not abandon me to my oppressors!
122 Guarantee the welfare of your servant!#tn Heb “be surety for your servant for good.”
Do not let the arrogant oppress me!
123 My eyes grow tired as I wait for your deliverance,#tn Heb “my eyes fail for your deliverance.” The psalmist has intently kept his eyes open, looking for God to intervene, but now his eyes are watery and bloodshot, impairing his vision. See the similar phrase in v. 82.
for your reliable promise to be fulfilled.#tn Heb “and for the word of your faithfulness.”
124 Show your servant your loyal love!#tn Heb “do with your servant according to your loyal love.”
Teach me your statutes!
125 I am your servant. Give me insight,
so that I can understand#tn or “know.” The cohortative verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the preceding imperative. your rules.
126 It is time for the Lord to act –
they break your law!
127 For this reason#tn “For this reason” connects logically with the statement made in v. 126. Because the judgment the psalmist fears (see vv. 119-120) is imminent, he remains loyal to God’s law. I love your commands
more than gold, even purest gold.
128 For this reason I carefully follow all your precepts.#tn Heb “for this reason all the precepts of everything I regard as right.” The phrase “precepts of everything” is odd. It is preferable to take the kaf (כ) on כֹּל (kol, “everything) with the preceding form as a pronominal suffix, “your precepts,” and the lamed (ל) with the following verb as an emphatic particle. See L. C. Allen, Psalms 101-150 (WBC), 138.
I hate all deceitful actions.#tn Heb “every false path.”
פ (Pe)
129 Your rules are marvelous.
Therefore I observe them.
130 Your instructions are a doorway through which light shines.#tn Heb “the doorway of your words gives light.” God’s “words” refer here to the instructions in his law (see vv. 9, 57).
They give#tn Heb “it [i.e., the doorway] gives.” insight to the untrained.#tn Or “the [morally] naive,” that is, the one who is young and still in the process of learning right from wrong and distinguishing wisdom from folly. See Pss 19:7; 116:6.
131 I open my mouth and pant,
because I long#tn The verb occurs only here in the OT. for your commands.
132 Turn toward me and extend mercy to me,
as you typically do to your loyal followers.#tn Heb “according to custom toward the lovers of your name.” The “lovers of” God’s “name” are the Lord’s loyal followers. See Pss 5:11; 69:36; Isa 56:6.
133 Direct my steps by your word!#tn God’s “word” refers here to his law (see v. 11).
Do not let any sin dominate me!
134 Deliver me#tn Or “redeem me.” from oppressive men,
so that I can keep#tn The cohortative verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the preceding imperative. your precepts.
135 Smile#tn Heb “cause your face to shine.” on your servant!
Teach me your statutes!
136 Tears stream down from my eyes,#tn Heb “[with] flowing streams my eyes go down.”
because people#tn Heb “they”; even though somewhat generic, the referent (people) has been specified in the translation for clarity. do not keep your law.
צ (Tsade)
137 You are just, O Lord,
and your judgments are fair.
138 The rules you impose are just,#tn Heb “you commanded [in] justice your rules.”
and absolutely reliable.
139 My zeal#tn or “zeal.” consumes#tn Heb “destroys,” in a hyperbolic sense. me,
for my enemies forget your instructions.#tn Heb “your words.”
140 Your word is absolutely pure,
and your servant loves it!
141 I am insignificant and despised,
yet I do not forget your precepts.
142 Your justice endures,#tn Heb “your justice [is] justice forever.”
and your law is reliable.#tn Or “truth.”
143 Distress and hardship confront#tn Heb “find.” me,
yet I find delight in your commands.
144 Your rules remain just.#tn Heb “just are your rules forever.”
Give me insight so that I can live.#tn The cohortative verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the preceding imperative.
ק (Qof)
145 I cried out with all my heart, “Answer me, O Lord!
I will observe your statutes.”
146 I cried out to you, “Deliver me,
so that I can keep#tn The cohortative verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose/result after the preceding imperative. your rules.”
147 I am up before dawn crying for help.
I find hope in your word.
148 My eyes anticipate the nighttime hours,
so that I can meditate on your word.
149 Listen to me#tn Heb “my voice.” because of#tn Heb “according to.” your loyal love!
O Lord, revive me, as you typically do!#tn Heb “according to your custom.”
150 Those who are eager to do#tn Heb “those who pursue.” wrong draw near;
they are far from your law.
151 You are near, O Lord,
and all your commands are reliable.#tn Or “truth.”
152 I learned long ago that
you ordained your rules to last.#tn Heb “long ago I knew concerning your rules, that forever you established them.” See v. 89 for the same idea. The translation assumes that the preposition מִן (min) prefixed to “your rules” introduces the object of the verb יָדַע (yada’), as in 1 Sam 23:23. Another option is that the preposition indicates source, in which case one might translate, “Long ago I realized from your rules that forever you established them” (cf. NIV, NRSV).
ר (Resh)
153 See my pain and rescue me!
For I do not forget your law.
154 Fight for me#tn Or “argue my case.” and defend me!#tn Heb “and redeem me.” The verb “redeem” casts the Lord in the role of a leader who protects members of his extended family in times of need and crisis (see Ps 19:14).
Revive me with your word!
155 The wicked have no chance for deliverance,#tn Heb “far from the wicked [is] deliverance.”
for they do not seek your statutes.
156 Your compassion is great, O Lord.
Revive me, as you typically do!#tn Heb “according to your customs.”
157 The enemies who chase me are numerous.#tn Heb “many [are] those who chase me and my enemies.”
Yet I do not turn aside from your rules.
158 I take note of the treacherous and despise them,
because they do not keep your instructions.#tn Heb “your word.”
159 See how I love your precepts!
O Lord, revive me with your loyal love!
160 Your instructions are totally reliable;
all your just regulations endure.#tn Heb “the head of your word is truth, and forever [is] all your just regulation.” The term “head” is used here of the “sum total” of God’s instructions.
שׂ/שׁ (Sin/Shin)
161 Rulers pursue me for no reason,
yet I am more afraid of disobeying your instructions.#tn Heb “and because of your instructions my heart trembles.” The psalmist’s healthy “fear” of the consequences of violating God’s instructions motivates him to obey them. See v. 120.
162 I rejoice in your instructions,
like one who finds much plunder.#tn Heb “like one who finds great plunder.” See Judg 5:30. The image is that of a victorious warrior who finds a large amount of plunder on the field of battle.
163 I hate and despise deceit;
I love your law.
164 Seven#tn The number “seven” is use rhetorically to suggest thoroughness. times a day I praise you
because of your just regulations.
165 Those who love your law are completely secure;#tn Heb “great peace [is] to the lovers of your law.”
nothing causes them to stumble.#tn Heb “and there is no stumbling to them.”
166 I hope for your deliverance, O Lord,
and I obey#tn Heb “do.” your commands.
167 I keep your rules;
I love them greatly.
168 I keep your precepts and rules,
for you are aware of everything I do.#tn Heb “for all my ways [are] before you.”
ת (Tav)
169 Listen to my cry for help,#tn Heb “may my cry approach before you.” O Lord!
Give me insight by your word!
170 Listen to my appeal for mercy!#tn Heb “may my appeal for mercy come before you.”
Deliver me, as you promised.#tn Heb “according to your speech.”
171 May praise flow freely from my lips,
for you teach me your statutes.
172 May my tongue sing about your instructions,#tn Heb “your word.”
for all your commands are just.
173 May your hand help me,
for I choose to obey#tn The words “to obey” are not in the Hebrew text, but have been supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons and for clarity. your precepts.
174 I long for your deliverance, O Lord;
I find delight in your law.
175 May I#tn Heb “my life.” live and praise you!
May your regulations help me!#tn God’s regulations will “help” the psalmist by giving him moral and ethical guidance.
176 I have wandered off like a lost sheep.#tn Heb “I stray like a lost sheep.” It is possible that the point of the metaphor is vulnerability: The psalmist, who is threatened by his enemies, feels as vulnerable as a straying, lost sheep. This would not suggest, however, that he has wandered from God’s path (see the second half of the verse, as well as v. 110).
Come looking for your servant,
for I do not forget your commands.
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