1 Samuel 16
16
David Is Anointed
1Then Yahweh said to Samuel, “How long#Literally “Until when” will you mourn about Saul? I have rejected him from being king over Israel! Fill up your horn with oil and go. I will send you to Jesse the Bethlehemite, for I have chosen a king for myself among his sons.” 2But Samuel said, “How can I go? If Saul hears, he will kill me.” Yahweh said, “You must take a heifer from the herd with you,#Literally “in/with your hand” and you must say, ‘I have come to sacrifice to Yahweh.’ 3You will invite Jesse to the sacrifice and I will make known to you what you must do. You will anoint for me the one whom I tell you.”
4So Samuel did what Yahweh said. He came to Bethlehem, and the elders of the city came trembling to meet him. They said, “Have you come in peace?”#Literally “Is your coming peace?” 5He said, “I come in peace. I have come to sacrifice to Yahweh. Sanctify yourselves and come with me to the sacrifice.” So he sanctified Jesse and his sons and invited them to the sacrifice.
6When they came,#Literally “And it happened at their coming” he#That is, Samuel saw Eliab and said, “Surely his anointed one is before Yahweh!” 7But Yahweh said to Samuel, “Do not look at his appearance or at the height of his stature, because I have rejected him. For God does not see what man sees, for a man looks on the outward appearance,#Literally “sees as far as the eyes” but Yahweh looks on the heart.”#Literally “sees as far as the heart” 8Then Jesse called Abinadab and made him pass before Samuel, and he said, “This one also Yahweh has not chosen.” 9So Jesse made Shammah pass before Samuel, but he said, “Yahweh also has not chosen this one.” 10And Jesse made seven of his sons pass before Samuel, but Samuel said to Jesse, “Yahweh has not chosen any of these.”
11Then Samuel said to Jesse, “Are all the young men here?”#Literally “Are the boys finished?” And he said, “The youngest still remains, but look, he is shepherding the flock.” And Samuel said to Jesse, “Send and bring him, for we cannot sit down#Literally “turn”; for “sit down” see HALOT 739 s.v. 2.c until he comes here.” 12So he sent and brought him. Now he was ruddy with beautiful eyes and of handsome#Literally “good” appearance. And Yahweh said, “Arise, anoint him, for this is he.” 13So Samuel took the horn of oil and anointed him in the midst of his brothers. Then the Spirit of Yahweh rushed upon David from that day on.#Literally “and forward” Then Samuel got up and went to Ramah.
Saul in Torment
14Now the Spirit of Yahweh departed from Saul and an evil spirit from Yahweh tormented him. 15So the servants of Saul said to him, “Look please, an evil spirit from God is tormenting you. 16Please, let our lord command your servants who are before you! Let them seek a man skilled in playing on the lyre. When#Literally “And it will happen that” the evil spirit from God is upon you, he can play on it#Literally “with his hand” and you will feel better.”#Literally “and it will be good for you” 17So Saul said to his servants, “Please select a man who plays a stringed instrument well#Literally “doing well to play a stringed instrument” and bring him to me.”
18One of the servants answered and said, “Look, I have seen a son of Jesse the Bethlehemite who is skillful in playing a stringed instrument, a brave man, a warrior, prudent in speech, and handsome.#Literally “a hero of ability, a man of war, discerning of word, and a man of appearance” And Yahweh is with him.” 19So Saul sent messengers to Jesse and said, “Send me David your son who is with the sheep.” 20And Jesse took a donkey loaded with bread and a skin of wine and one young goat#Literally “kid of a goat” and sent them to Saul by the hand of David his son. 21So David came to Saul and entered his service.#Literally “stood before him” He#That is, Saul loved him greatly and he became Saul’s armor bearer.#Literally “he became for him a carrier of weapons” 22Then Saul sent word to Jesse, saying, “Please let David stand before me, because he has found favor in my sight.”#Literally “in my eyes” 23So whenever the evil spirit from God came to Saul, David would take the stringed instrument and play it with his hand. Then it would bring relief#Literally “it would be relieved” for Saul; he would feel better#Literally “it would be good for him” and the evil spirit would depart from him.
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1 Samuel 16
16
Samuel Anoints David
1The Lord said to Samuel, “How long are you going to mourn for Saul, # 1Sm 15:35 since I have rejected him as king over Israel? # 1Sm 13:13-14; 15:23 Fill your horn with oil # 1Sm 9:16; 10:1; 2Kg 9:1 and go. I am sending you to Jesse of Bethlehem # Ru 4:17-22 because I have selected a king from his sons.”
2Samuel asked, “How can I go? Saul will hear about it and kill me! ”
The Lord answered, “Take a young cow with you and say, ‘I have come to sacrifice to the Lord.’ # 1Sm 20:29 3Then invite Jesse to the sacrifice, and I will let you know what you are to do. # Ex 4:15; Ac 9:6 You are to anoint for Me the one I indicate to you.” # Dt 17:14-15; 1Sm 9:16
4Samuel did what the Lord directed and went to Bethlehem. # Gn 48:7; Lk 2:4 When the elders of the town met him, they trembled # LXX reads were astonished and asked, “Do # DSS, LXX read Seer, do you come in peace? ” # 1Kg 2:13; 2Kg 9:22; 1Ch 12:17-18
5“In peace,” he replied. “I’ve come to sacrifice to the Lord. Consecrate yourselves # Gn 35:2; Ex 19:10 and come with me to the sacrifice.” # LXX reads and rejoice with me today Then he consecrated Jesse and his sons and invited them to the sacrifice. 6When they arrived, Samuel saw Eliab # 1Sm 17:13 and said, “Certainly the Lord’s anointed one is here before Him.”
7But the Lord said to Samuel, “Do not look at his appearance or his stature, because I have rejected him. Man does not see what the Lord sees, # LXX reads God does not see as a man sees for man sees what is visible, # Lit what is of the eyes but the Lord sees the heart.” # 1Kg 8:39; Jr 17:10; Lk 16:15; Jn 2:24-25
8Jesse called Abinadab # 1Sm 17:13 and presented him to Samuel. “The Lord hasn’t chosen this one either,” Samuel said. 9Then Jesse presented Shammah, # 1Sm 17:13 but Samuel said, “The Lord hasn’t chosen this one either.” 10After Jesse presented seven of his sons to him, Samuel told Jesse, “The Lord hasn’t chosen any of these.” 11Samuel asked him, “Are these all the sons you have? ”
“There is still the youngest,” # 1Sm 17:12; 2Sm 13:3 he answered, “but right now he’s tending the sheep.” Samuel told Jesse, “Send for him. We won’t sit down to eat until he gets here.” 12So Jesse sent for him. He had beautiful eyes and a healthy, # Or ruddy handsome appearance. # 1Sm 17:42
Then the Lord said, “Anoint him, for he is the one.” # 1Sm 9:17 13So Samuel took the horn of oil, anointed him # 1Sm 10:1 in the presence of his brothers, and the Spirit of the Lord took control of David from that day forward. # Ps 51:10-12; Ezk 36:27; Ac 2:1-17 Then Samuel set out and went to Ramah.
David in Saul’s Court
14Now the Spirit of the Lord had left Saul, # 1Sm 11:6; 18:12; 28:15 and an evil spirit sent from the Lord began to torment him, 15so Saul’s servants said to him, “You see that an evil spirit from God is tormenting you. 16Let our lord command your servants here in your presence to look for someone who knows how to play the lyre. Whenever the evil spirit from God troubles you, that person can play the lyre, and you will feel better.” # 1Sm 18:10; 19:9; 2Kg 3:15
17Then Saul commanded his servants, “Find me someone who plays well and bring him to me.”
18One of the young men answered, “I have seen a son of Jesse of Bethlehem who knows how to play the lyre. He is also a valiant man, # 1Sm 17:32-36 a warrior, eloquent, handsome, and the Lord is with him.” # 1Sm 3:19; 18:12-14
19Then Saul dispatched messengers to Jesse and said, “Send me your son David, who is with the sheep.” 20So Jesse took a donkey loaded with bread, a skin of wine, and one young goat and sent them by his son David to Saul. # 1Sm 10:4,27; Pr 18:16 21When David came to Saul # Gn 41:46; Pr 22:29 and entered his service, Saul admired him greatly, and David became his armor-bearer. 22Then Saul sent word to Jesse: “Let David remain in my service, for I am pleased with him.” 23Whenever the spirit from God troubled Saul, # 1Sm 16:14-16 David would pick up his lyre and play, and Saul would then be relieved, feel better, and the evil spirit would leave him.
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