Jeremiah 25
25
Seventy Years of Exile. 1The word that came to Jeremiah concerning all the people of Judah, in the fourth year of Jehoiakim,#The fourth year of Jehoiakim: 605 B.C. Officially, the first year of Nebuchadnezzar began the following year; but as early as his victory over Egypt at Carchemish in 605, Nebuchadnezzar wielded dominant power in the Near East. Jeremiah saw in him the fulfillment of his prophecy of the enemy to come from the north (cf. 1:13; 6:22–24). In vv. 11–12 the prophecy of the seventy years’ exile occurs for the first time; cf. 29:10. This number signifies that the present generation must die out; cf. forty in the exodus tradition (Nm 14:20–23). son of Josiah, king of Judah (the first year of Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon).#Jer 36:1. 2This word the prophet Jeremiah spoke to all the people of Judah and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem: 3Since the thirteenth year of Josiah, son of Amon, king of Judah, to this day—that is, twenty-three years—the word of the Lord has come to me and I spoke to you untiringly, but you would not listen.#Jer 1:2. 4The Lord kept sending you all his servants the prophets,#2 Chr 36:15. but you refused to listen or pay attention 5to this message: Turn back, each of you, from your evil way and from your evil deeds; then you shall remain in the land which the Lord gave you and your ancestors, from of old and forever. 6Do not follow other gods to serve and bow down to them; do not provoke me with the works of your hands, or I will bring evil upon you.#Jer 7:6–7. 7But you would not listen to me—oracle of the Lord—and so you provoked me with the works of your hands to your own harm.#Jer 7:17–19. 8Hence, thus says the Lord of hosts: Since you would not listen to my words, 9I am about to send for and fetch all the tribes from the north—oracle of the Lord—and I will send for Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, my servant; I will bring them against this land, its inhabitants, and all these neighboring nations. I will doom them, making them an object of horror, of hissing, of everlasting reproach.#Jer 1:15; 43:10. 10Among them I will put to an end the song of joy and the song of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstone and the light of the lamp. 11This whole land shall be a ruin and a waste. Seventy years these nations shall serve the king of Babylon;#Lv 26:32–35. 12but when the seventy years have elapsed, I will punish the king of Babylon and that nation and the land of the Chaldeans for their guilt—oracle of the Lord. Their land I will turn into everlasting waste.#Is 13:20–22. 13Against that land I will fulfill all the words I have spoken against it, all that is written in this book, which Jeremiah prophesied against all the nations. 14They also shall serve many nations and great kings, and thus I will repay them according to their own deeds and according to the works of their hands.#Jer 27:7; 50:9, 41–42; 51:6, 24.
The Cup of Judgment on the Nations. 15#Jeremiah is a prophet to the nations (cf. 1:5) as well as to his own people. All the nations mentioned here appear again in the more extensive collection of Jeremiah’s oracles against the nations in chaps. 46–51. For thus said the Lord, the God of Israel, to me: Take this cup of the wine of wrath#Cup…wrath: a metaphor for destruction that occurs often in the Old Testament (cf. Ps 11:6; 75:9; Hb 2:15–16; Ez 23:31–33, etc.). from my hand and have all the nations to whom I will send you drink it.#Rev 14:10. 16They shall drink, and retch, and go mad, because of the sword I will send among them.#Jer 51:7. 17I took the cup from the hand of the Lord and gave it as drink to all the nations to whom the Lord sent me: 18to Jerusalem, the cities of Judah, its kings and princes, to make them a ruin and a waste, an object of hissing and cursing, as they are today; 19to Pharaoh, king of Egypt, and his servants, princes, all his people 20and those of mixed ancestry; all the kings of the land of Uz;#Uz: the homeland of legendary Job, in Edomite or Arabian territory. all the kings of the land of the Philistines: Ashkelon, Gaza, Ekron, and the remnant of Ashdod; 21Edom, Moab, and the Ammonites; 22all the kings of Tyre, of Sidon, and of the shores beyond the sea;#The shores beyond the sea: Phoenician commercial colonies located throughout the Mediterranean world. 23Dedan and Tema and Buz,#Dedan and Tema and Buz: North Arabian tribes. all the desert dwellers who shave their temples; 24all the kings of Arabia; 25all the kings of Zimri, of Elam, of the Medes; 26all the kings of the north, near and far, one after the other; all the kingdoms upon the face of the earth and after them the king of Sheshach#Sheshach: a contrived word from the Hebrew letters of Babylon. shall drink.
27Tell them: Thus says the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel: Drink! Get drunk and vomit! Fall, never to rise, before the sword that I will send among you!#Ob 16. 28If they refuse to take the cup from your hand and drink, say to them: Thus says the Lord of hosts: You must drink!#Jer 49:12. 29Now that I am inflicting evil on this city, called by my name, how can you possibly escape? You shall not escape! I am calling down the sword upon all the inhabitants of the earth—oracle of the Lord of hosts. 30As for you, prophesy against them all these words and say to them:
The Lord roars from on high,
from his holy dwelling he raises his voice;
Mightily he roars over his sheepfold,
a shout like that of vintagers echoes#Jer 51:14.
over all the inhabitants of the earth.
31The uproar spreads
to the end of the earth;
For the Lord has an indictment against the nations,
he enters into judgment against all flesh:
The wicked shall be given to the sword—
oracle of the Lord.
32Thus says the Lord of hosts:
Look! disaster stalks
nation after nation;
A violent storm surges
from the recesses of the earth.
33On that day, those whom the Lord has slain will be strewn from one end of the earth to the other. They will not be mourned, they will not be gathered, they will not be buried; they shall lie like dung upon the ground.#Jer 8:2; 16:4, 6.
34Howl, you shepherds, and wail!
roll on the ground, leaders of the flock!
The time for your slaughter has come;
like choice rams you shall fall.
35There is no flight for the shepherds,
no escape for the leaders of the flock.#Jer 32:4.
36Listen! Wailing from the shepherds,
howling from the leaders of the flock!
For the Lord lays waste their grazing place;
37desolate are the peaceful pastures,
from the burning wrath of the Lord.
38Like a lion he leaves his lair,
and their land is made desolate
By the sweeping sword,
and the burning wrath of the Lord.#Jer 4:7.
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Jeremiah 25: NABRE
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Jeremiah 25
25
Unheard Voice of the Prophets
1The word that came to Jeremiah concerning all the people of Judah in the fourth year of Jehoiakim son of Josiah, king of Judah (which was the first year of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon).
2Jeremiah the prophet spoke it to all the people of Judah and to all the inhabitants of Jerusalem, saying:
3“From the thirteenth year of Josiah son of Amon, king of Judah, until this day—these 23 years—the word of Adonai has come to me. So I have spoken to you, speaking early and often, but you have not listened.
4Moreover, Adonai has sent to you all His servants the prophets, sending them early and often—but you have not listened or inclined your ear to hear—
5saying: ‘Turn, now, everyone from his evil way, and from the evil of your deeds, and dwell in the land that Adonai has given to you and to your fathers forever and ever.
6Do not go after other gods to serve them, to worship them, and so do not provoke Me with the work of your hands, so I would do you no harm.’
7“Yet you have not listened to Me,” declares Adonai. “So you are provoking Me with the work of your hands, to your own hurt.”
8Therefore thus says Adonai-Tzva’ot: “Since you have not heard My words,
9I will soon send for and bring all the families of the north”—it is a declaration of Adonai—“and I will send for King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon, My servant, and will bring them against this land, and against its inhabitants, and against all these nations round about, and I will utterly destroy them, and make them a horror, and a hissing, an enduring desolation.
10“Moreover, I will silence among them the voice of joy and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstones and the light of the lamp.
Seventy Years of Desolation
11“So this whole land will be a desolate ruin, and these nations will serve the king of Babylon for 70 years.
12Then it will come to pass, when 70 years are completed, that I will punish the king of Babylon and that nation,” declares Adonai, “the land of the Chaldeans, for their iniquity, and I will make it ruins forever.
13I will bring on that land all My words which I pronounced against it, even all that is written in this book which Jeremiah has prophesied against all the nations.
14For many nations and great kings will make slaves of them also. So I will repay them according to their deeds and according to the work of their own hands.”
Cup of Fury and Reeling
15For thus says Adonai, the God of Israel, to me: “Take this cup of the wine of fury from My hand, and make all the nations to whom I am sending you drink it.
16They will drink, and reel to and fro, and be like madmen, because of the sword that I will send among them.
17Then I took the cup from Adonai’s hand, and made all the nations drink, to whom Adonai had sent me:
18Jerusalem and the cities of Judah, with its kings and its princes—to make them an appalling horror and hissing, a curse as it is this day;
19Pharaoh king of Egypt, with his servants, his princes and all his people;
20and all the mingled people, all the kings of the land of Uz, all the kings of the land of the Philistines, Ashkelon, Gaza, Ekron, and the remnant of Ashdod;
21Edom, Moab, and Ammon’s children;
22all the kings of Tyre, all the kings of Zidon, and the kings of the coastland across the sea;
23Dedan, Tema, Buz, and all who shave the corners;
24all the kings of Arabia and all the kings of the mixed people dwelling in the wilderness;
25all the kings of Zimri, all the kings of Elam and all the kings of Media;
26all the kings of the north, either far or close to another; and all the kingdoms of the world which are on the face of the earth. And the king of Sheshach will drink after them.”
27And you will say to them, thus says Adonai-Tzva’ot, the God of Israel: “Drink, be drunken, vomit, fall down and rise no more, because of the sword that I will send among you.”
28And if they refuse to take the cup at your hand to drink, then here is what you will say to them: “Thus says Adonai-Tzva’ot, you will surely drink!
29See, I am beginning to bring evil on the city where My name is called, and should you go completely unpunished? You will not go unpunished, for I am summoning a sword against all the inhabitants of the earth.” It is a declaration of Adonai-Tzva’ot.
30Therefore you are to prophesy against them all these words, and say to them: “Adonai is roaring from on high, giving voice from His holy dwelling. He roars mightily over His sheepfold. He shouts like those who tread grapes, against all who dwell on the earth.
31A noise has come to the end of the earth, for Adonai has a dispute with the nations. He is passing judgment on all flesh. As for the wicked, He has given them over to the sword.” It is a declaration of Adonai.
32Thus says Adonai-Tzva’ot: “Evil will soon go forth from nation to nation. A great storm is being stirred up from the uttermost parts of the earth.
33Those slain by Adonai on that day will be from one end of the earth to the other end of the earth. They will not be lamented, gathered, or buried; they will be dung on the surface of the ground.”
34Wail, you shepherds, and cry! Wallow in the dust, you leaders of the flock! For the days of your slaughter and your dispersions are full. You will fall like a precious vase.
35For the shepherds will have no way to flee, nor the leaders of the flock to escape.
36Hark! The outcry of the shepherds, the wailing of the leaders of the flock! For Adonai is ravaging their pasture.
37The peace of the pasture is stifled because of the fierce anger of Adonai.
38He has left His lair, like a lion. For their land has become a waste, because of the fury of the oppressor and because of His fierce anger.
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