Deuteronomy 18
18
Priests. 1The levitical priests, the whole tribe of Levi, shall have no hereditary portion with Israel; they shall eat the fire offerings of the Lord and the portions due to him.#Nm 18:8–9, 20–24; Jos 13:14; 18:7; 2 Chr 31:2–19; 1 Cor 9:13. 2They shall have no heritage among their kindred; the Lord himself is their heritage, as he has told them.#Nm 18:20; Jos 13:33. 3This shall be the due of the priests from the people: those who are offering a sacrifice, whether an ox or a sheep, shall give the priest the shoulder, the jowls and the stomach. 4The first fruits of your grain, your wine, and your oil,#Dt 26:1–11; Nm 18:12; 2 Chr 31:5; Neh 13:10–13. as well as the first shearing of your flock, you shall also give him. 5For the Lord, your God, has chosen him out of all your tribes to be in attendance to minister in the name of the Lord, him and his descendants for all time.#Dt 10:8; Jer 33:18.
6When a Levite goes from one of your communities anywhere in Israel in which he has been residing, to visit, as his heart may desire, the place which the Lord will choose, 7and ministers there in the name of the Lord, his God, like all his fellow Levites who stand before the Lord there, 8he shall receive the same portions to eat, along with his stipends and patrimony.#His stipends and patrimony: meaning of the Hebrew is uncertain.
Prophets. 9When you come into the land which the Lord, your God, is giving you, you shall not learn to imitate the abominations of the nations there.#Dt 12:29–31; Lv 18:24–30. 10#Dt 12:31; Ex 22:18; Lv 18:21; 19:31; 20:6, 27; 1 Sm 28:7–19; 2 Kgs 17:17; 21:6; 23:10, 24; Is 8:19–20; Ez 21:21. Let there not be found among you anyone who causes their son or daughter to pass through the fire,#Causes their son or daughter to pass through the fire: to Molech. See note on Lv 18:21. Such human sacrifices are classed here with various occult and magical practices because they were believed to possess powers for averting a calamity; cf. 2 Kgs 3:27. Three other categories of magic are listed here: divination of the future (by a soothsayer or augur); black magic (by a sorcerer or one who casts spells); and necromancy (by one who consults ghosts and spirits, or seeks oracles from the dead to divine the future). or practices divination, or is a soothsayer, augur, or sorcerer, 11or who casts spells, consults ghosts and spirits, or seeks oracles from the dead. 12Anyone who does such things is an abomination to the Lord, and because of such abominations the Lord, your God, is dispossessing them before you.#Dt 9:4. 13You must be altogether sincere with the Lord, your God. 14Although these nations whom you are about to dispossess listen to their soothsayers and diviners, the Lord, your God, will not permit you to do so.
15A prophet like me#A prophet like me: from the context (opposition to the practices described in vv. 10–11) it seems that Moses is referring in general to all the true prophets who were to succeed him. This passage came to be understood in a quasi-Messianic sense in the New Testament (Mt 17:5; Jn 6:14; 7:40; Acts 3:22; 7:37). will the Lord, your God, raise up for you from among your own kindred; that is the one to whom you shall listen.#Mt 17:5; Mk 9:7; Lk 9:35; Jn 1:45; 6:14; 7:40; Acts 3:22; 7:37. 16This is exactly what you requested of the Lord, your God, at Horeb on the day of the assembly, when you said, “Let me not again hear the voice of the Lord, my God, nor see this great fire any more, or I will die.”#Ex 20:19. 17And the Lord said to me, What they have said is good. 18I will raise up for them a prophet like you from among their kindred, and will put my words into the mouth of the prophet; the prophet shall tell them all that I command.#Ex 4:10–16; Jer 1:9; 15:19; Ez 3:1–4. 19Anyone who will not listen to my words which the prophet speaks in my name, I myself will hold accountable for it.#Jer 11:21–23; Am 7:10–17; Acts 3:23. 20But if a prophet presumes to speak a word in my name#18:20, 22] Dt 13:2–6; 1 Kgs 22:1–40; Jer 14:13–16; 23:9–40; 28:1–17; Ez 13:1–23. that I have not commanded, or speaks in the name of other gods, that prophet shall die.
21Should you say to yourselves, “How can we recognize that a word is one the Lord has not spoken?”, 22if a prophet speaks in the name of the Lord but the word does not come true, it is a word the Lord did not speak. The prophet has spoken it presumptuously; do not fear him.
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Deḇarim (Deuteronomy) 18
18
1“The priests, the Lĕwites, all the tribe of Lĕwi, have no part nor inheritance with Yisra’ĕl. They are to eat the offerings of יהוה made by fire, and His inheritance.
2But among his brothers Lĕwi has no inheritance. יהוה is his inheritance, as He has spoken to him.
3“And this is the priest’s right from the people, from those who slaughter a slaughtering, whether it is bull or sheep: they shall give to the priest the shoulder, and the two cheeks, and the stomach;
4the first-fruits of your grain and your new wine and your oil, and the first of the fleece of your sheep, you give to him.
5“For יהוה your Elohim has chosen him out of all your tribes to stand to serve in the Name of יהוה, him and his sons forever.
6“And when the Lĕwite comes from one of your gates, from where he has sojourned among all Yisra’ĕl, and shall come with all the desire of his being to the place which יהוה chooses,
7then he shall serve in the Name of יהוה his Elohim, like all his brothers the Lĕwites, who are standing there before יהוה.
8“They are to have portion for portion to eat, besides what comes from the sale of his inheritance.
9When you come into the land which יהוה your Elohim is giving you, do not learn to do according to the abominations of those nations.#See footnote at Deu. 12:30
10“Let no one be found among you who makes his son or his daughter pass through the fire, or one who practises divination, or a user of magic, or one who interprets omens or a sorcerer,
11or one who conjures spells, or a medium, or a spiritist, or one who calls up the dead.
12“For whoever does these is an abomination to יהוה, and because of these abominations יהוה your Elohim drives them out from before you.
13“Be perfect before יהוה your Elohim,
14for these nations whom you are possessing do listen to those using magic and to diviners. But as for you, יהוה your Elohim has not appointed such for you.
15יהוה your Elohim shall raise up for you a Prophet#See footnote at Deu. 18:18 like me from your midst, from your brothers. Listen to Him,
16according to all you asked of יהוה your Elohim in Ḥorĕḇ in the day of the assembly, saying, ‘Let me not hear again the voice of יהוה my Elohim, nor let me see this great fire any more, lest I die.’
17“And יהוה said to me, ‘What they have spoken is good.
18I shall raise up for them a Prophet#See also Acts 3:22-26; Acts 7:37 like you out of the midst of their brothers. And I shall put My Words in His mouth, and He shall speak to them all that I command Him.
19And it shall be, the man who does not listen to My Words which He speaks in My Name, I require it of him.
20But the prophet who presumes to speak a word in My Name, which I have not commanded him to speak, or who speaks in the name of other mighty ones, even that prophet shall die.’
21“And when you say in your heart, ‘How do we know the word which יהוה has not spoken?’ –
22when the prophet speaks in the Name of יהוה and the word is not, or comes not, that is the word which יהוה has not spoken. The prophet has spoken it presumptuously. Do not be afraid of him.
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