Judah (Jude) 1
1
Greeting
1Judah, a slave of Yeshua the Messiah and brother of Jacob, To those who are called, who are loved in God the Father, and kept safe for Yeshua the Messiah:
2May mercy and shalom and love be multiplied to you!
Contend for the Faith with the Ungodly
3Loved ones, though very eager to write to you about our common salvation, I felt it necessary to write to you urging you to continue to contend for the faith that was once for all handed down to the kedoshim.
4For certain people have secretly slipped in—those who from long ago have been marked out for this judgment. They are ungodly people, who pervert the grace of our God into indecency and deny our only Master and Lord, Yeshua the Messiah.
5Now I wish to remind you—though you have come to know all things —that the Lord, once having saved a people out of the land of Egypt, afterward destroyed those who did not believe.
6And the angels—who did not keep their own position of authority but deserted their proper place—He has kept in everlasting shackles under gloomy darkness until the judgment of the great Day.
7In the same way as these angels, Sodom and Gomorrah and the cities around them—having given themselves over to sexual immorality and gone after a different sort of flesh—are displayed as an example, suffering the punishment of eternal fire.
8Yet in the same way these people also, by their visionary dreaming, defile the flesh, reject the Lord’s authority, and defame glorious beings.
9But when Michael the archangel, disputing with the devil, was arguing about the body of Moses, he did not dare to render a judgment against him for slander, but said, “May the Lord rebuke you!”
10But these people slander whatever they do not understand. And whatever they do understand instinctively—like animals without reason—by these things they are destroyed.
11Woe to them! For they went the way of Cain; they were consumed for pay in Balaam’s error; and in Korah’s rebellion they have been destroyed.
12These people are hidden rocky reefs at your love feasts—shamelessly feasting with you, tending only to themselves. They are waterless clouds, carried along by winds; fruitless trees in late autumn, doubly dead, uprooted;
13wild waves of the sea, foaming up their own shame; wandering stars, for whom the gloom of utter darkness has been reserved forever.
14It was also about these people that Enoch, the seventh generation from Adam, prophesied, saying, “Behold, the Lord came with myriads of His kedoshim,
15to execute judgment against all. He will convict all the ungodly for all their ungodly deeds that they have done in an ungodly way, and for all of the harsh things ungodly sinners have spoken against Him.”
16These are bellyaching grumblers, following after their own desires. Their mouth speaks grandiose things, showing favoritism for the sake of gain.
17But you, loved ones, ought to remember the words previously proclaimed by the emissaries of our Lord Yeshua the Messiah—
18how they kept telling you, “In the last time there will be scoffers, following after their own ungodly desires.”
19These are the ones who cause divisions—worldly-minded, not having the Ruach
20But you, loved ones, continue building yourselves up on your most holy faith, praying in the Ruach ha-Kodesh.
21Keep yourselves in the love of God, eagerly waiting for the mercy of our Lord Yeshua the Messiah that leads to eternal life.
22And have mercy on those who are wavering—
23save them by snatching them out of the fire; but on others have mercy with fear—hating even the garment defiled by the flesh.
Hymn to God Our Savior
24Now to the One who is able to keep you from stumbling, and to present you blameless before the presence of His glory with great joy,
25to the only God our Savior, through Yeshua the Messiah our Lord, be glory, majesty, power, and authority, before all time, both now and forever. Amen.
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Judah (Jude) 1: TLV
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Copyright © 2014 - Messianic Jewish Family Bible Society
Jude 1
1
Address and Greeting. 1#1] Jude…brother of James: for the identity of the author of this letter, see Introduction. To those who are called: the vocation to the Christian faith is God’s free gift to those whom he loves and whom he safely protects in Christ until the Lord’s second coming. Jude, a slave of Jesus Christ and brother of James, to those who are called, beloved in God the Father and kept safe for Jesus Christ:#1] Mt 13:55; Mk 6:3; Acts 12:17; Rom 1:7. 2may mercy, peace, and love be yours in abundance.#2] Gal 6:16; 1 Tm 1:2; 2 Pt 1:2.
Occasion for Writing. 3Beloved, although I was making every effort to write to you about our common salvation,#3–4] Our common salvation: the teachings of the Christian faith derived from the apostolic preaching and to be kept by the Christian community. I now feel a need to write to encourage you to contend for the faith that was once for all handed down to the holy ones.#3] 17, 20; 1 Tm 6:12. 4For there have been some intruders, who long ago were designated for this condemnation, godless persons, who pervert the grace of our God into licentiousness and who deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ.#4] Gal 2:4; 2 Tm 3:6; 2 Pt 2:1.
The False Teachers. 5#5] Nm 14:35; 1 Cor 10:5; Heb 3:16, 17. I wish to remind you, although you know all things, that [the] Lord who once saved a people from the land of Egypt later destroyed those who did not believe.#5] For this first example of divine punishment on those who had been saved but did not then keep faith, see Nm 14:28–29 and the note there. Some manuscripts have the word “once” (hapax as at Jude 3) after “you know”; some commentators have suggested that it means “knowing one thing” or “you know all things once for all.” Instead of “[the] Lord” manuscripts vary, having “Jesus,” “God,” or no subject stated. 6#6] 2 Pt 2:4, 9. The angels too, who did not keep to their own domain but deserted their proper dwelling, he has kept in eternal chains, in gloom, for the judgment of the great day.#6] This second example draws on Gn 6:1–4 as elaborated in the apocryphal Book of Enoch (cf. Jude 14): heavenly beings came to earth and had sexual intercourse with women. God punished them by casting them out of heaven into darkness and bondage. 7Likewise, Sodom, Gomorrah, and the surrounding towns, which, in the same manner as they, indulged in sexual promiscuity and practiced unnatural vice,#7] Practiced unnatural vice: literally, “went after alien flesh.” This example derives from Gn 19:1–25, especially 4–11, when the townsmen of Sodom violated both hospitality and morality by demanding that Lot’s two visitors (really messengers of Yahweh) be handed over to them so that they could abuse them sexually. Unnatural vice: this refers to the desire for intimacies by human beings with angels (the reverse of the example in Jude 6). Sodom (whence “sodomy”) and Gomorrah became proverbial as object lessons for God’s punishment on sin (Is 1:9; Jer 50:40; Am 4:11; Mt 10:15; 2 Pt 2:6). serve as an example by undergoing a punishment of eternal fire.#7] Dt 29:22–24; Mt 25:41; 2 Thes 1:8–9; 2 Pt 2:6; 3:7.
8Similarly, these dreamers#8] Dreamers: the writer returns to the false teachers of Jude 4, applying charges from the three examples in Jude 5, 6, 7. This may apply to claims they make for revelations they have received by night (to the author, hallucinations). Defile the flesh: this may mean bodily pollutions from the erotic dreams of sexual license (Jude 7). Lordship…glorious beings: these may reflect the Lord (Jude 5; Jesus, Jude 4) whom they spurn and the angels (Jude 6; cf. note on 2 Pt 2:10, here, as there, literally, “glories”). nevertheless also defile the flesh, scorn lordship, and revile glorious beings. 9Yet the archangel Michael, when he argued with the devil in a dispute over the body of Moses, did not venture to pronounce a reviling judgment#9] The archangel Michael…judgment: a reference to an incident in the apocryphal Assumption of Moses. Dt 34:6 had said of Moses, literally in Greek, “they buried him” or “he (God?) buried him” (taken to mean “he was buried”). The later account tells how Michael, who was sent to bury him, was challenged by the devil’s interest in the body. Our author draws out the point that if an archangel refrained from reviling even the devil, how wrong it is for mere human beings to revile glorious beings (angels). upon him but said, “May the Lord rebuke you!”#9] Dn 10:21; 12:1. 10But these people revile what they do not understand and are destroyed by what they know by nature like irrational animals.#10] 2 Pt 2:12. 11Woe to them!#11] Gn 4:8–16; 1 Jn 3:12 / Nm 31:15–16; 2 Pt 2:15; Rev 2:14 / Nm 16:19–35. They followed the way of Cain, abandoned themselves to Balaam’s error for the sake of gain, and perished in the rebellion of Korah.#11] Cain…Balaam…Korah: examples of rebellious men and of the punishment their conduct incurred; cf. Gn 4:8–16; Nm 16:1–35; 31:16. See note on 2 Pt 2:15. 12These are blemishes on your love feasts,#12] Blemishes on your love feasts: or “hidden rocks” or “submerged reefs” (cf. Jude 13). The opponents engaged in scandalous conduct in connection with community gatherings called love feasts (agape meals), which were associated with eucharistic celebrations at certain stages of early Christian practice; cf. 1 Cor 11:18–34 and the note on 2 Pt 2:13. as they carouse fearlessly and look after themselves. They are waterless clouds blown about by winds, fruitless trees in late autumn, twice dead and uprooted.#12] 2 Pt 2:13, 17. 13They are like wild waves of the sea, foaming up their shameless deeds, wandering stars for whom the gloom of darkness has been reserved forever.
14#14–15] Cited from the apocryphal Book of Enoch 1:9. Enoch, of the seventh generation from Adam, prophesied also about them when he said,#14–15] Mt 16:27; Heb 12:22–23. “Behold, the Lord has come with his countless holy ones 15to execute judgment on all and to convict everyone for all the godless deeds that they committed and for all the harsh words godless sinners have uttered against him.” 16These people are complainers, disgruntled ones who live by their desires; their mouths utter bombast as they fawn over people to gain advantage.#16] 18; 1 Cor 10:10; 2 Pt 2:10, 18.
Exhortations. 17But you, beloved, remember the words spoken beforehand by the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ,#17] Heb 2:3; 2 Pt 3:2. 18for they told you,#18] 1 Tm 4:1; 2 Tm 3:1–5; 2 Pt 3:3. “In [the] last time there will be scoffers who will live according to their own godless desires.”#18] This is the substance of much early Christian preaching rather than a direct quotation of any of the various New Testament passages on this theme (see Mk 13:22; Acts 20:30; 1 Tm 4:1–3; 2 Pt 3:3). 19These are the ones who cause divisions; they live on the natural plane, devoid of the Spirit.#19] 1 Cor 2:14; Jas 3:15. 20But you, beloved, build yourselves up in your most holy faith; pray in the holy Spirit.#20] 2; Eph 6:18; Col 2:7. 21Keep yourselves in the love of God and wait for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ that leads to eternal life.#21] Ti 2:13. 22On those who waver, have mercy;#22] Have mercy: some manuscripts read “convince,” “confute,” or “reprove.” Others have “even though you waver” or “doubt” instead of who waver. 23save others by snatching them out of the fire; on others have mercy with fear,#23] With fear: some manuscripts connect the phrase “with fear” with the imperative “save” or with the participle “snatching.” Other manuscripts omit the phrase “on others have mercy,” so that only two groups are envisioned. Rescue of those led astray and caution in the endeavor are both enjoined. Outer garment stained by the flesh: the imagery may come from Zec 3:3–5, just as that of snatching…out of the fire comes from Zec 3:2; the very garments of the godless are to be abhorred because of their contagion. abhorring even the outer garment stained by the flesh.
Doxology.#24–25] With this liturgical statement about the power of God to keep the faithful from stumbling, and praise to him through Jesus Christ, the letter reaches its conclusion by returning to the themes with which it began (Jude 1–2). 24To the one who is able to keep you from stumbling and to present you unblemished and exultant, in the presence of his glory,#24] 2 Cor 4:14; 1 Pt 4:13. 25to the only God, our savior, through Jesus Christ our Lord be glory, majesty, power, and authority from ages past, now, and for ages to come. Amen.#25] Rom 11:36; 1 Tm 1:17.
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