Leviticus 5
5
Cases Requiring Sin Offerings
1“When someone sins in any of these ways:
If he has seen, heard, or known about something he has witnessed, and did not respond to a public call to testify, he will bear his iniquity.#Gn 4:13; Ex 20:5; Lv 16:21–22; Nm 5:15,31; Dt 19:15
2Or if someone touches anything unclean#Lv 11:4; Nm 19:13 — a carcass of an unclean wild animal,#Lv 26:6 or unclean livestock, or an unclean swarming creature#Lv 11:24–40; Dt 14:8 — without being aware of it, he is unclean and incurs guilt.#Nm 5:6; Ps 68:21
3Or if he touches human uncleanness#Lv 14:19 — any uncleanness by which one can become defiled#Lv 11:24 — without being aware of it, but later recognizes it, he incurs guilt.
4Or if someone swears rashly#Ps 106:33; Pr 12:18 to do what is good or evil — concerning anything a person may speak rashly in an oath — without being aware of it, but later recognizes it, he incurs guilt in such an instance.
5If someone incurs guilt in one of these cases, he is to confess#Lv 16:21 he has committed that sin. 6He must bring his penalty for guilt#Lv 14:12 for the sin he has committed to the Lord: a female lamb or goat from the flock as a sin offering. In this way the priest will make atonement#Ex 30:15 on his behalf for his sin.
7“But if he cannot afford an animal from the flock, then he may bring to the Lord two turtledoves or two young pigeons#Lv 1:14 as penalty for guilt for his sin — one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering. 8He is to bring them to the priest, who will first present the one for the sin offering. He is to twist its head at the back of the neck without severing it.#Gn 15:10; Lv 1:15,17 9Then he will sprinkle some of the blood of the sin offering on the side of the altar, while the rest of the blood is to be drained out at the base of the altar;#Lv 4:25,30 it is a sin offering. 10He will prepare the second bird as a burnt offering according to the regulation.#Lv 1:14–17 In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf for the sin he has committed, and he will be forgiven.
11“But if he cannot afford two turtledoves or two young pigeons,#Lk 2:24 he may bring two quarts#5:11 Lit one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour#5:11 Lit flour as a sin offering#Lv 2:1 as an offering for his sin. He must not put olive oil or frankincense on it, for it is a sin offering. 12He is to bring it to the priest, who will take a handful from it as its memorial portion#Lv 2:2 and burn it on the altar along with the food offerings to the Lord; it is a sin offering. 13In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf concerning the sin he has committed in any of these cases, and he will be forgiven. The rest will belong to the priest, like the grain offering.”#Lv 2:3,10
The Guilt Offering
14Then the Lord spoke to Moses: 15“If someone offends#Dt 32:51 by sinning unintentionally#Nm 15:24 in regard to any of the Lord’s holy things,#5:15 Things dedicated to the Lord he must bring his penalty for guilt to the Lord: an unblemished ram from the flock (based on your assessment of its value in silver shekels, according to the sanctuary shekel#Lv 27:3; Nm 3:47) as a guilt offering. 16He is to make restitution#Lv 14:12; 24:18 for his sin regarding any holy#Lv 25:12 thing, adding a fifth of its value to it,#Lv 27:13 and give it to the priest. Then the priest will make atonement on his behalf with the ram of the guilt offering, and he will be forgiven.#Lv 4:20,26,31,35; 6:7
17“If someone sins and without knowing it violates any of the Lord’s commands concerning anything prohibited, he is guilty, and he will bear his iniquity. 18He must bring an unblemished ram from the flock according to your assessment of its value as a guilt offering to the priest. Then the priest will make atonement on his behalf for the error he has committed unintentionally, and he will be forgiven. 19It is a guilt offering; he is indeed guilty before the Lord.”
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© 2017 Holman Bible Publishers
Leviticus 5
5
The Law of Guilt Offerings
1‘If anyone sins after he hears a #Lit voice of an oath. This refers to a public announcement calling for witnesses to testify.public adjuration (solemn command to testify) when he is a witness, whether he has seen or [otherwise] known [something]—if he fails to report it, then he will bear his guilt and be held responsible. 2Or if someone touches any [ceremonially] unclean thing—whether the carcass of an unclean wild animal or the carcass of an unclean domestic animal or the carcass of unclean creeping things—even if he is unaware of it, he has become unclean, and he will be guilty. 3Or if he touches human uncleanness—whatever kind it may be—and he becomes unclean, but he is unaware of it, when he recognizes it, he will be guilty. 4Or if anyone swears [an oath] thoughtlessly or impulsively #Lit with his lips.aloud that he will do either evil or good, in whatever manner a person may speak thoughtlessly or impulsively with an oath, but he is unaware of it, when he recognizes it, he will be guilty in one of these. 5So it shall be when a person is guilty in one of these, that he shall confess the sin he has committed. 6He shall bring his guilt offering to the Lord for the sin which he has committed, a female from the flock, a lamb or a goat as a sin offering. So the priest shall make atonement on his behalf for his sin.
7‘But if he #Lit if his hand cannot reach enough for.cannot afford a lamb, then he shall bring two turtledoves or two young pigeons as his guilt offering for his sin to the Lord, one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering. 8He shall bring them to the priest, who shall offer first the one for the sin offering, and shall nip its head at the front of its neck, but shall not sever it [completely]. 9He shall also sprinkle some of the blood of the sin offering on the side of the altar, and the rest of the blood shall be drained out at the base of the altar; it is a sin offering. 10The second [bird] he shall prepare as a burnt offering, according to the ordinance. So the priest shall make atonement on his behalf for the sin which he has committed, and it will be forgiven him.
11‘But if he cannot afford to bring two turtledoves or two young pigeons, then he shall bring as his offering for his sin the tenth part of an #Approximately one bushel.ephah of fine flour as a sin offering; he shall not put [olive] oil or incense on it, for it is a sin offering. 12He shall bring it to the priest, who shall take a handful of it as a memorial portion and offer it up in smoke on the altar, with the offerings by fire to the Lord; it is a sin offering. 13In this way the priest shall make atonement for him for the sin which he has committed in one of these things, and it will be forgiven him; then the rest shall be for the priest, like the grain offering.’ ”
14Then the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 15“If a person commits a breach of faith and sins unintentionally against the holy things of the Lord, then he shall bring his guilt offering to the Lord, a ram without blemish from the flock, valued by you in shekels of silver, that is, the shekel of the sanctuary, as a guilt offering. 16He shall make restitution for the sin which he has committed against the holy thing, and shall add a fifth [of the ram’s value] to it, and give it to the priest. The priest shall then make atonement for him with the ram of the guilt offering, and he shall be forgiven.
17“Now if anyone sins and does any of the things which the Lord has forbidden, though he was not aware of it, still he is guilty and shall bear his punishment. 18He is then to bring to the priest a ram without blemish from the flock, according to your valuation, for a guilt offering. In this way the priest shall make atonement for him regarding the error which he committed unintentionally and did not know it, and he shall be forgiven. 19It is a guilt offering; he was certainly guilty before the Lord.”
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