Leviticus 5
5
Special Types of Accidental Sins
1“‘These are things for which a sin offering must be made:
“‘A person might be ordered to tell in court what he has seen or what he knows. If he does not tell the court, he is guilty of sin.
2“‘Or someone might touch something unclean. It might be the dead body of an unclean wild animal or an unclean farm animal or an unclean crawling animal. He might not know that he touched it. But he will still be unclean and guilty of sin.
3“‘Many things come from a person which are not clean. Someone might touch one of these unclean things from a person and not know it. But when he learns about it, he will be guilty.
4“‘Or someone might make a promise before the Lord without thinking. He might promise to do something bad or good. The promise might be about anything. He might even make a promise before the Lord and forget about it. But when he remembers, he will be guilty.
5“‘When anyone is guilty of any of these things, he must tell how he sinned. 6He must bring an offering to the Lord. It is a penalty for his sin. It must be a female lamb or goat from the flock. The priest will perform the acts to remove that person’s sin so he will belong to the Lord.
7“‘But perhaps the person cannot afford a lamb. Then he must bring two doves or two young pigeons to the Lord. These will be the penalty for his sin. One bird must be for a sin offering. The other must be for a burnt offering. 8He must bring them to the priest. First the priest will offer the one for the sin offering. He will pull the bird’s head from its neck. But he will not pull it completely off. 9He must sprinkle the blood from the sin offering on the side of the altar. Then he must pour the rest of the blood at the bottom of the altar. It is a sin offering. 10Then the priest must offer the second bird as a burnt offering. This is what the law says. In this way the priest will remove the person’s sin so he will belong to the Lord. And the Lord will forgive him.
11“‘The person might not be able to afford two doves or two pigeons. If not, he must bring about two quarts of fine flour. This will be an offering for his sin. He must not put oil on the flour. And he must not put incense on it, because it is a sin offering. 12He must bring the flour to the priest. The priest will take a handful of the flour as a memorial offering. He will burn it on the altar. It goes on top of the offerings made by fire to the Lord. It is a sin offering. 13In this way the priest will remove the person’s sins so he will belong to the Lord. And the Lord will forgive him. What is left of the sin offering belongs to the priest. This is like the grain offering.’”
The Penalty Offering
14The Lord said to Moses, 15“A person might accidentally sin and do something against the holy things of the Lord. That person must bring a male sheep from the flock. It must have nothing wrong with it. This will be his penalty offering to the Lord. The value in silver of the male sheep must be correct. Use the proper value for silver as set by the Holy Place measure. 16That person must pay for the sin he did against the holy thing. He must add one-fifth to its value. Then he must give it all to the priest. In this way the priest will remove the person’s sin so he will belong to the Lord. The priest does it by means of the male sheep of the penalty offering. And the Lord will forgive the person.
17“A person might sin and do something the Lord has commanded not to be done. It does not matter if that person knew or not. He is guilty. He is responsible for his sin. 18He must bring the priest a male sheep from the flock. It must have nothing wrong with it. It must be worth the correct amount. The male sheep will be a penalty offering. The person sinned without knowing it. But with this offering the priest will remove the sin so the person will belong to the Lord. And the Lord will forgive him. 19The person is guilty of doing wrong against the Lord. So he must give the penalty offering to the Lord.”
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Leviticus 5
5
Cases Requiring Sin Offerings
1“When someone sins in any of these ways:
If he has seen, heard, or known about something he has witnessed, and did not respond to a public call to testify, he will bear his iniquity.#Gn 4:13; Ex 20:5; Lv 16:21–22; Nm 5:15,31; Dt 19:15
2Or if someone touches anything unclean#Lv 11:4; Nm 19:13 — a carcass of an unclean wild animal,#Lv 26:6 or unclean livestock, or an unclean swarming creature#Lv 11:24–40; Dt 14:8 — without being aware of it, he is unclean and incurs guilt.#Nm 5:6; Ps 68:21
3Or if he touches human uncleanness#Lv 14:19 — any uncleanness by which one can become defiled#Lv 11:24 — without being aware of it, but later recognizes it, he incurs guilt.
4Or if someone swears rashly#Ps 106:33; Pr 12:18 to do what is good or evil — concerning anything a person may speak rashly in an oath — without being aware of it, but later recognizes it, he incurs guilt in such an instance.
5If someone incurs guilt in one of these cases, he is to confess#Lv 16:21 he has committed that sin. 6He must bring his penalty for guilt#Lv 14:12 for the sin he has committed to the Lord: a female lamb or goat from the flock as a sin offering. In this way the priest will make atonement#Ex 30:15 on his behalf for his sin.
7“But if he cannot afford an animal from the flock, then he may bring to the Lord two turtledoves or two young pigeons#Lv 1:14 as penalty for guilt for his sin — one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering. 8He is to bring them to the priest, who will first present the one for the sin offering. He is to twist its head at the back of the neck without severing it.#Gn 15:10; Lv 1:15,17 9Then he will sprinkle some of the blood of the sin offering on the side of the altar, while the rest of the blood is to be drained out at the base of the altar;#Lv 4:25,30 it is a sin offering. 10He will prepare the second bird as a burnt offering according to the regulation.#Lv 1:14–17 In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf for the sin he has committed, and he will be forgiven.
11“But if he cannot afford two turtledoves or two young pigeons,#Lk 2:24 he may bring two quarts#5:11 Lit one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour#5:11 Lit flour as a sin offering#Lv 2:1 as an offering for his sin. He must not put olive oil or frankincense on it, for it is a sin offering. 12He is to bring it to the priest, who will take a handful from it as its memorial portion#Lv 2:2 and burn it on the altar along with the food offerings to the Lord; it is a sin offering. 13In this way the priest will make atonement on his behalf concerning the sin he has committed in any of these cases, and he will be forgiven. The rest will belong to the priest, like the grain offering.”#Lv 2:3,10
The Guilt Offering
14Then the Lord spoke to Moses: 15“If someone offends#Dt 32:51 by sinning unintentionally#Nm 15:24 in regard to any of the Lord’s holy things,#5:15 Things dedicated to the Lord he must bring his penalty for guilt to the Lord: an unblemished ram from the flock (based on your assessment of its value in silver shekels, according to the sanctuary shekel#Lv 27:3; Nm 3:47) as a guilt offering. 16He is to make restitution#Lv 14:12; 24:18 for his sin regarding any holy#Lv 25:12 thing, adding a fifth of its value to it,#Lv 27:13 and give it to the priest. Then the priest will make atonement on his behalf with the ram of the guilt offering, and he will be forgiven.#Lv 4:20,26,31,35; 6:7
17“If someone sins and without knowing it violates any of the Lord’s commands concerning anything prohibited, he is guilty, and he will bear his iniquity. 18He must bring an unblemished ram from the flock according to your assessment of its value as a guilt offering to the priest. Then the priest will make atonement on his behalf for the error he has committed unintentionally, and he will be forgiven. 19It is a guilt offering; he is indeed guilty before the Lord.”
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