Exodus 12
12
Passover
1The Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt: 2“This month will be the first month of the year for you. 3Both of you are to tell the whole community of Israel: On the tenth day of this month each man must get one lamb. It is for the people in his house. 4There may not be enough people in his house to eat a whole lamb. Then he must share it with his closest neighbor. There must be enough lamb for everyone to eat. 5The lamb must be a one-year-old male. It must have nothing wrong with it. This animal can be either a young sheep or a young goat. 6Keep the animal with you to take care of it until the fourteenth day of the month. On that day all the people of the community of Israel will kill these animals. They will do this as soon as the sun goes down. 7The people must take some of the blood. They must put it on the sides and tops of the doorframes. These are the doorframes of the houses where they eat the lambs. 8On this night they must roast the lamb over a fire. Then they must eat it with bitter herbs and bread made without yeast. 9Do not eat the lamb raw or boiled in water. Roast the whole lamb over a fire—with its head, legs and inner organs. 10You must not leave any of it until morning. But if any of it is left over until morning, you must burn it with fire.
11“This is the way you must eat it: You must be fully dressed as if you were going on a trip. You must have your sandals on, and you must have your walking stick in your hand. You must eat it in a hurry. This is the Lord’s Passover.
12“That night I will go through the land of Egypt. I will kill all the firstborn of animals and people in the land of Egypt. I will punish all the gods of Egypt. I am the Lord. 13But the blood will be a sign on the houses where you are. When I see the blood, I will pass over you. Nothing terrible will hurt you when I punish the land of Egypt.
14“You are always to remember this day. Celebrate it with a feast to the Lord. Your descendants are to honor the Lord with this feast from now on. 15For this feast you must eat bread made without yeast for seven days. On the first day of this feast, you are to remove all the yeast from your houses. No one should eat any yeast for the full seven days of the feast. If anyone eats yeast, then that person will be separated from Israel. 16You are to have holy meetings on the first and last days of the feast. You must not do any work on these days. The only work you may do on these days is to prepare your meals. 17You must celebrate the Feast of Unleavened Bread. Do this because on this very day I brought your divisions of people out of Egypt. So all of your descendants must celebrate this day. This is a law that will last from now on. 18You are to eat bread made without yeast. Start this on the evening of the fourteenth day of the first month of your year. Eat this until the evening of the twenty-first day. 19For seven days there must not be any yeast in your houses. Anybody who eats yeast during this time must be separated from the community of Israel. This includes Israelites and non-Israelites. 20During this feast you must not eat yeast. You must eat bread made without yeast wherever you live.”
21Then Moses called all the elders of Israel together. He told them, “Get the animals for your families. Kill the animals for the Passover. 22Take a branch of the hyssop plant and dip it into the bowl filled with blood. Wipe the blood on the sides and tops of the doorframes. No one may leave his house until morning. 23The Lord will go through Egypt to kill the Egyptians. He will see the blood on the sides and tops of the doorframes. Then the Lord will pass over that house. He will not let the one who brings death come into your houses and kill you.
24“You must keep this command. This law is for you and your descendants from now on. 25Do this when you go to the land the Lord has promised to give to you. 26When your children ask you, ‘Why are we doing these things?’ 27you will say, ‘This is the Passover sacrifice to honor the Lord. When we were in Egypt, the Lord passed over the houses of Israel. The Lord killed the Egyptians, but he saved our homes.’” So now the people bowed down and worshiped the Lord. 28They did just as the Lord commanded Moses and Aaron.
29At midnight the Lord killed all the firstborn sons in the land of Egypt. The firstborn of the king, who sat on the throne, died. Even the firstborn of the prisoner in jail died. Also all the firstborn farm animals died. 30The king, his officers and all the Egyptians got up during the night. Someone had died in every house. So there was loud crying everywhere in Egypt.
Israel Leaves Egypt
31During the night the king called for Moses and Aaron. He said to them, “Get up and leave my people. You and your people may do as you have asked. Go and worship the Lord. 32Take all of your sheep and cattle as you have asked. Go. And also bless me.” 33The Egyptians also asked the Israelites to hurry and leave. They said, “If you don’t leave, we will all die!”
34The people of Israel took their dough before the yeast was added. They wrapped the bowls for making dough in clothing and carried them on their shoulders. 35The people of Israel did what Moses told them to do. They asked their Egyptian neighbors for things made of silver and gold and for clothing. 36The Lord caused the Egyptians to think well of the Israelites. So the Israelites took rich gifts from the Egyptians.
37The Israelites traveled from Rameses to Succoth. There were about 600,000 men walking. This does not include the women and children. 38Many other people who were not Israelites went with them. A large number of sheep, goats and cattle went with them. 39The Israelites used the dough they had brought out of Egypt. They baked loaves of bread without yeast. The dough had no yeast in it because they had been rushed out of Egypt. So they had no time to get food ready for their trip.
40The people of Israel had lived in Egypt for 430 years. 41On the day the 430 years ended, the Lord’s divisions of people left Egypt. 42That night the Lord kept watch to bring them out of Egypt. So on this same night the Israelites are to keep watch. They are to do this to honor the Lord from now on.
43The Lord told Moses and Aaron, “Here are the rules for Passover: No foreigner is to eat the Passover. 44Suppose a person buys a slave and circumcises him. Then the slave may eat the Passover. 45But no one who lives for a short time in your country may eat it. No hired worker may eat it.
46“The meal must be eaten inside the house. None of the meat is to be taken outside the house. Don’t break any of the bones. 47The whole community of Israel must take part in this feast. 48A foreigner who lives with you may share in the Lord’s Passover. But first all the males in his house must be circumcised. Then, since he will be like a citizen of Israel, he may share in the meal. But a man who is not circumcised may not eat the Passover meal. 49The same rules apply to an Israelite born in the country. And they apply to a foreigner living there.”
50So all the Israelites did just as the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron. 51Then on that same day, the Lord led the Israelites out of Egypt. The people left by divisions.
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Exodus 12: ICB
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Exodus 12
12
Instructions for the Feast of Passover
1And Yahweh said to Moses and to Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying, 2“This month will be the beginning of months; it will be for you the first of the months of the year. 3Speak to all the community of Israel, saying, ‘On the tenth of this month, they will each take for themselves a lamb for the family,#Literally “a lamb/kid for the house of fathers.” The word translated “lamb” refers to a small livestock animal and could be either a young sheep or a young goat a lamb for the household. 4And if the household is too small for a lamb, he and the neighbor nearest to his house will take one according to the number of persons;#Or “the number of selves” you will count out portions of the lamb according to how much each one can eat.#Literally “a man for the mouth of his eating” 5The lamb for you must be a male, without defect, in its first year; you will take it from the sheep or from the goats.
6“You will keep it#Literally “It will be for you for observation” until the fourteenth day of this month, and all the assembly of the community of Israel will slaughter it at twilight.#Literally “between the evenings” 7And they will take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and on the lintel on the houses in which they eat it. 8And they will eat the meat on this night; they will eat it fire-roasted and with unleavened bread on bitter herbs.#Literally “bitter things” 9You must not eat any of it raw or boiled, boiled in the water, but rather roasted with fire, its head with its legs and with its inner parts. 10And you must not leave any of it until morning; anything left from it until morning you must burn in the fire. 11And this is how you will eat it—with your waists fastened, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand, and you will eat it in haste. It is Yahweh’s Passover.
12“And I will go through the land of Egypt during this night, and I will strike all of the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from human to animal, and I will do punishments among all of the gods of Egypt. I am Yahweh. 13And the blood will be a sign for you on the houses where you are, and I will see the blood, and I will pass over you, and there will not be a destructive plague among you when I strike the land of Egypt.
14“And this day will become a memorial for you, and you will celebrate it as a religious feast for Yahweh throughout your generations; you will celebrate it as a lasting statute. 15You will eat unleavened bread for seven days. Surely on the first day you shall remove yeast from your houses, because anyone who eats food with yeast from the first day until the seventh day—that person will be cut off from Israel. 16It will be for you on the first day a holy assembly#Or “summons,” “convocation” and on the seventh day a holy assembly;#Or “summons,” “convocation” no work will be done on them; only what is eaten by every person, it alone will be prepared for you.
17“And you will keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread, because on this very day I brought out your divisions from the land of Egypt, and you will keep this day for your generations as a lasting statute. 18On the first day, on the fourteenth day of the month, in the evening, you will eat unleavened bread until the evening of the twenty-first day of the month. 19For seven days yeast must not be found in your houses, because anyone eating food with yeast#Literally “anyone eating yeasted food, that person” will be cut off from the community of Israel—whether an alien or a native of the land. 20You will eat no food with yeast; in all of your dwellings you will eat unleavened bread.”
21And Moses called all the elders of Israel, and he said to them, “Select and take for yourselves sheep for your clans and slaughter the Passover sacrifice. 22And take a bunch of hyssop and dip it into the blood that is in the basin and apply some of the blood that is in the basin to the lintel and the two doorposts. And you will not go out, anyone from the doorway of his house, until morning. 23And Yahweh will go through to strike Egypt, and he will see the blood on the lintel and on the two doorposts, and Yahweh will pass over the doorway and will not allow the destroyer to come to your houses to strike you.
24“And you will keep this event as a rule for you and for your children forever.#Or “until eternity” 25And#Literally “and it will be” when you come into the land that Yahweh will give to you, as he said, you will keep this religious custom.#Literally “service” or “work” 26And#Literally “and it will be” when your children say to you, ‘What is this religious custom#Literally “service” or “work” for you?’#Or “What does this service mean to you?” 27you will say, ‘It is a Passover sacrifice for Yahweh, who passed over the houses of the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” in Egypt when he struck Egypt; and he delivered our houses.’ ” And the people knelt down and they worshiped. 28And the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” went, and they did as Yahweh had commanded Moses and Aaron; so they did.
Death of Firstborn and Deliverance from Egypt
29And#Literally “and it was” in the middle of the night, Yahweh struck all of the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh sitting on his throne to the firstborn of the captive who was in the prison house and every firstborn of an animal. 30And Pharaoh got up at night, he and all his servants and all Egypt, and a great cry of distress was in Egypt because there was not a house where there was no one dead. 31And he called Moses and Aaron at night, and he said, “Get up, go out from the midst of my people, both you as well as the Israelites,#Literally “sons/children of Israel” and go, serve Yahweh, as you have said. 32Take both your sheep and goats as well as your cattle, and go, and bless also me.”
33And the Egyptians urged the people in order to hurry their release#Or “to hasten to release them” from the land, because they said, “All of us will die!”#Or “We all are dead!” 34And the people lifted up their dough before it had yeast; their kneading troughs were wrapped up in their cloaks on their shoulder. 35And the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” did according to the word of Moses, and they asked from the Egyptians for objects of silver and objects of gold and for clothing. 36And Yahweh gave the people favor in the eyes of the Egyptians, and they granted their requests, and they plundered the Egyptians.
37And the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” set out from Rameses to Succoth; the men were about six hundred thousand on foot,#Or “footmen,” “infantrymen.” The word probably has military connotations, as when it is used elsewhere in the numbering of soldiers (compare 2 Sam 10:6; 1 Kgs 20:29; 2 Kgs 13:7) besides dependents. 38And also a mixed multitude#Literally “a large mixture” (compare Jer 25:20; Ezek 30:5) went up with them and sheep and goats and cattle, very numerous livestock. 39And they baked the dough that they had brought out from Egypt as cakes, unleavened bread, because it had no yeast when they were driven out from Egypt, and they were not able to delay, and also they had not made provisions for themselves.
40And the period of dwelling of the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” that they dwelled in Egypt was four hundred and thirty years. 41And at the end of four hundred and thirty years, on this exact day, all of Yahweh’s divisions went out from the land of Egypt. 42It is a night of vigils#Or “observances” belonging to Yahweh for bringing them out from the land of Egypt; it is this night belonging to Yahweh with vigils for all of the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” throughout their generations.
43And Yahweh said to Moses and Aaron, “This is the statute of the Passover: No foreigner may eat it. 44But any slave of a man, an acquisition by money, and you have circumcised him, then he may eat it. 45A temporary resident and a hired worker may not eat it. 46It will be eaten in one house; you will not bring part of the meat out from the house to the outside; and you will not break a bone of it. 47All of the community of Israel will prepare it. 48And when an alien dwells with you and he wants to prepare the Passover for Yahweh, every male belonging to him must be circumcised, and then he may come near to prepare it, and he will be as the native of the land, but any uncircumcised man may not eat it. 49One law will be for the native and for the alien who is dwelling in your midst.”
50And all the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” did as Yahweh had commanded Moses and Aaron; so they did. 51And it was on exactly this day Yahweh brought the Israelites#Literally “sons/children of Israel” out from the land of Egypt by their divisions.
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