Leviticus 5
5
The Trespass Offering
1‘If a person sins in #Prov. 29:24; (Jer. 23:10)hearing the utterance of an oath, and is a witness, whether he has seen or known of the matter—if he does not tell it, he #Lev. 5:17; 7:18; 17:16; 19:8; 20:17; Num. 9:13bears guilt.
2‘Or #Lev. 11:24, 28, 31, 39; Num. 19:11–16; Deut. 14:8if a person touches any unclean thing, whether it is the carcass of an unclean beast, or the carcass of unclean livestock, or the carcass of unclean creeping things, and he is unaware of it, he also shall be unclean and #Lev. 5:17guilty. 3Or if he touches #Lev. 5:12, 13, 15human uncleanness—whatever uncleanness with which a man may be defiled, and he is unaware of it—when he realizes it, then he shall be guilty.
4‘Or if a person swears, speaking thoughtlessly with his lips #1 Sam. 25:22; Acts 23:12to do evil or #(Matt. 5:33–37); Mark 6:23; (James 5:12)to do good, whatever it is that a man may pronounce by an oath, and he is unaware of it—when he realizes it, then he shall be guilty in any of these matters.
5‘And it shall be, when he is guilty in any of these matters, that he shall #Lev. 16:21; 26:40; Num. 5:7; Ezra 10:11, 12; Ps. 32:5; Prov. 28:13confess that he has sinned in that thing; 6and he shall bring his trespass offering to the Lord for his sin which he has committed, a female from the flock, a lamb or a kid of the goats as a sin offering. So the priest shall make atonement for him concerning his sin.
7#Lev. 12:6, 8; 14:21‘If he is not able to bring a lamb, then he shall bring to the Lord, for his trespass which he has committed, two #Lev. 1:14turtledoves or two young pigeons: one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering. 8And he shall bring them to the priest, who shall offer that which is for the sin offering first, and #Lev. 1:15–17wring off its head from its neck, but shall not divide it completely. 9Then he shall sprinkle some of the blood of the sin offering on the side of the altar, and the #Lev. 4:7, 18, 30, 34rest of the blood shall be drained out at the base of the altar. It is a sin offering. 10And he shall offer the second as a burnt offering according to the #Lev. 1:14–17prescribed manner. So #Lev. 4:20, 26; 5:13, 16the priest shall make atonement on his behalf for his sin which he has committed, and it shall be forgiven him.
11‘But if he is #Lev. 14:21–32not able to bring two turtledoves or two young pigeons, then he who sinned shall bring for his offering one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour as a sin offering. #Lev. 2:1, 2; 6:15; Num. 5:15He shall put no oil on it, nor shall he put frankincense on it, for it is a sin offering. 12Then he shall bring it to the priest, and the priest shall take his handful of it #Lev. 2:2as a memorial portion, and burn it on the altar #Lev. 4:35according to the offerings made by fire to the Lord. It is a sin offering. 13#Lev. 4:26The priest shall make atonement for him, for his sin that he has committed in any of these matters; and it shall be forgiven him. #Lev. 2:3; 6:17, 26The rest shall be the priest’s as a grain offering.’ ”
Offerings with Restitution
14Then the Lord spoke to Moses, saying: 15#Lev. 4:2; 22:14; Num. 5:5–8“If a person commits a trespass, and sins unintentionally in regard to the holy things of the Lord, then #Ezra 10:19he shall bring to the Lord as his trespass offering a ram without blemish from the flocks, with your valuation in shekels of silver according to #Ex. 30:13; Lev. 27:25the shekel of the sanctuary, as a trespass offering. 16And he shall make restitution for the harm that he has done in regard to the holy thing, #Lev. 6:5; 22:14; 27:13, 15, 27, 31; Num. 5:7and shall add one-fifth to it and give it to the priest. #Lev. 4:26So the priest shall make atonement for him with the ram of the trespass offering, and it shall be forgiven him.
17“If a person sins, and commits any of these things which are forbidden to be done by the commandments of the Lord, #Lev. 4:2, 13, 22, 27though he does not know it, yet he is #Lev. 5:1, 2guilty and shall bear his iniquity. 18#Lev. 5:15And he shall bring to the priest a ram without blemish from the flock, with your valuation, as a trespass offering. So the priest shall make atonement for him regarding his ignorance in which he erred and did not know it, and it shall be forgiven him. 19It is a trespass offering; #Ezra 10:2he has certainly trespassed against the Lord.”
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Leviticus 5: NKJV
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The Holy Bible, New King James Version, Copyright © 1982 Thomas Nelson. All rights reserved.
Leviticus 5
5
More Laws Regarding Sin Offerings
1“ ‘When a person#Or “a soul” sins in that#Or “and” he hears the utterance of a curse and he is a witness or he sees or he knows, if he does not make it known, then#Or “and” he shall bear his guilt. 2Or if a person#Or “a soul” touches anything unclean, whether#Literally “or” an unclean wild#Implied by the following phrase specifying domestic animals animal’s dead body or an unclean domestic animal’s dead body or an unclean swarmer’s dead body, but#Or “and” he is unaware of it,#Literally “it is concealed from him” he is unclean and he is guilty. 3Or when he touches human uncleanness, namely#Literally “for” or “to” (see HALOT 510) any uncleanness of his by which he might become unclean, but#Or “and” he is unaware of it,#Literally “it is concealed from him” and he himself finds out, then#Or “and” he will be guilty. 4Or when a person#Or “a soul” swears, speaking thoughtlessly with his lips, to do evil or to do good with regard to#Literally “for” or “to” (see HALOT 510) anything that the person#Literally “the man” in a sworn oath speaks thoughtlessly, but#Or “and” he is unaware of it,#Literally “it is concealed from him” he will be guilty in any of#Literally “for one of” these. 5When he becomes guilty in any of#Literally “for one of” these, he shall confess#Or “and he shall confess” what he has sinned regarding#Literally “upon” or “against” it, 6and he shall bring his guilt offering to#Or “for” Yahweh for his sin that he has committed:#Literally “sinned” a female from the flock,#The Hebrew term refers collectively to both sheep and goats (small livestock animals) a ewe-lamb or a she-goat,#Literally “a she-goat of goats” as a sin offering, and the priest shall make atonement for him for#Hebrew “from” his sin.
7“ ‘If#Or “And if” he cannot afford a sheep,#Literally “his hand does not touch enough of small livestock” he shall bring as his guilt offering for what he sinned two turtledoves or two young doves#Literally “sons of dove” or “children of dove” for Yahweh, one for a sin offering and one for a burnt offering. 8He shall bring#Or “And he shall bring” them to the priest, and he shall present that which is for the sin offering first, and the priest#Required by the previous action (see NET) shall wring its head off at the back of its neck,#Literally “from opposite its neck” but#Or “and” he must not sever it, 9and he shall spatter some of#Literally “from” the sin offering’s blood on the altar’s side, and the leftover blood must be drained out on the altar’s base; it is a sin offering. 10The second#Or “And the second” bird he must prepare as a burnt offering according to the regulation, and the priest shall make atonement for him for his sin that he has committed,#Literally “sinned” and he shall be forgiven.
11“ ‘But#Or “And” if he cannot afford#Literally “his hand cannot produce for” two turtledoves or two young doves,#Literally “sons of dove” or “children of dove” then,#Or “and” because he has sinned, he shall bring as his offering a tenth of an#Hebrew “the” ephah of finely milled flour as a sin offering. He must not put#Or “And he must not put” oil on it, nor should he put frankincense on it, because it is a sin offering. 12He shall bring#Or “And he shall bring” it to the priest, and the priest shall take a handful of it#Literally “shall scoop up from it the fullness of his handful” for its token portion, and he shall turn it to smoke on the altar in addition to#Literally “on” or “upon” the offerings made by fire to Yahweh; it is a sin offering. 13Thus#Or “And” the priest shall make atonement for him because of the sin that he has committed#Literally “sinned” in any of these,#Literally “from one from these” and he shall be forgiven. It shall be#Or “And it shall be” for the priest, like the grain offering.’ ”
Laws for Guilt Offerings
14Then#Or “And” Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 15“When a person#Or “a soul” displays infidelity#Literally “acts unfaithfully infidelity” or “is unfaithful in unfaithfulness” and he sins in an unintentional wrong in any of#Literally “from” Yahweh’s holy things, then#Or “and” he shall bring his guilt offering to#Or “for” Yahweh: a ram without defect from the flock#The Hebrew term refers collectively to both sheep and goats (small livestock animals) as a guilt offering by your valuation in silver shekels#Or “convertible into silver shekels” (NET, NRSV, TNK), “of the proper value in silver” (NIV; cp. ESV “valued in silver shekels,” CSB), or “or you may buy one of equal value with silver” (NLT) according to the sanctuary shekel. 16And he shall make restitution for what he sinned because of#Literally “from” (see HALOT 598) a holy thing and shall add one-fifth of its value#Literally “it” onto it and shall give it to the priest. The priest#Or “And the priest” shall make atonement for him with the ram of the guilt offering, and he will be forgiven.
17“If#Or “And if” a person#Or “a soul” when he sins violates#Literally “and she/it does” one from all of Yahweh’s commands that should not be violated,#Literally “they are to be done” but#Or “and” he did not know, then#Or “and” he is guilty and he shall bear his guilt. 18He shall bring#Or “And he shall bring” to the priest a ram without defect from the flock#The Hebrew term refers collectively to both sheep and goats (small livestock animals) as a guilt offering by your valuation, and the priest shall make atonement for him because of his unintentional wrong (although#Or “and” he himself did not know), and he will be forgiven. 19It is a guilt offering; he certainly was guilty before Yahweh.”
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